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Government
measure
C. Barcelona’s role in the 2030 Agenda
The 2030 Agenda and the local world
In formulating the SDGs, which involved the largest consultation process in history, done
on a planetary scale, local councils also had their voices heard, to ensure that the main
concerns of cities were taken into account. These concerns were reflected in a lot of
the goals, but particularly SDG 11 (‘Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable’).
Beyond SDG 11, the local world is essential to adopting the 2030 Agenda, with cities
having a fundamental role for various reasons:
1. Currently, 50% of the world’s population lives in cities, and all the forecasts say that
by the year 2050 this will be 75%, although there are regions of the world, like Latin
America, in which this figure is already around 80%.
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2. This concentration of the population also means a concentration of resource
consumption, with cities being:
a. responsible for 70% of the world’s energy consumption, and
b. responsible for 70% of global CO2 emissions.
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3. Cities are also where there is more inequality, extreme poverty, unemployment and
the least sustainable behaviour.
4. On the other hand, cities are a melting pot for innovation, wealth generation and
creation of opportunities. Proof of this economic importance is that nowadays cities
generate 80% of world GDP.
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This is why urban areas, despite occupying a much smaller proportion of the surface
of the planet, are fundamental when it comes to establishing a development model.
Any change that allows them to reduce the poverty, inequality and the emissions that
generate climate change will have an extraordinary impact on the planet as a whole.
As well as the above, there is another factor that gives cities even greater value, which
is local policies. It is in the urban dimension, in the municipal domain, that policy
and projects produce the clearest results. Any attempt to implement the 2030 Agenda
must, therefore, involve municipal action. Proof of this is that, according to experts, over
65% of the 2030 Agenda cannot be achieved without the involvement of urban and
local stakeholders
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. In short, cities are where the success or failure of achieving more
sustainable development will be decided.
Barcelona City Council’s commitment to a change of model
Barcelona is a city that has been committed for some time to a model that puts sustainable
development at the centre of municipal policy.
When it comes to environmental sustainability, municipal action began at the end of the
1990s with the adoption of Agenda 21, which culminated in the approval of the first
citizen commitment to sustainability on 9 June 2002.
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This commitment was renewed
in 2012 for a period of ten years, up to the year 2022. As part of this commitment,
a whole host of milestones, measures and proposals have been deployed, including
the More Sustainable Barcelona network, with more than 1,000 organisations having
committed to sustainability.
8. UN World Population Prospects.
9. UN-Habitat (2011). Cities and Climate Change: Global Report on Human Settlements.
10. McKinsey Global Institute (2011). Urban World: Mapping the economic power of cities.
11. Cities Alliance (2015). Sustainable Development Goals and Habitat III: Opportunities for a Successful
New Urban Agenda.
12. http://lameva.barcelona.cat/barcelonasostenible/ca/barcelona-sostenible/tags/page/de-lagenda-21-a-
barcelona-sostenible