ANSWERS 487
two advantages of sponsorship to Coca-Cola in detail.
For example, it is explained that Coca-Cola will benefit
from the huge reach of sponsoring a global event, such
as the Olympic Games. Finally, the student also explains
why sponsorship is so important to Coca-Cola.
2 ▶ (a) Coca-Cola are likely to recruit full-time workers since
they will be needed as operatives in the factory for long
periods of time.
(b) There is no sample answer for this question so you can
try it yourself, for exam practice.
(c) The exchange rate is the rate at which one country’s
currency is exchanged against the currency of another.
Changes in the exchange rate have an impact of the
price of exports and imports. For example, if a country’s
exchange rate strengthens, imports become cheaper and
exports become more expensive. Therefore, a business
that imports goods will benefit from a rising exchange
rate. In contrast, if the exchange rate is falling, it is
exporters that benefit. This is because falling exchange
rates make exports cheaper. This should result in higher
demand and therefore exporters should enjoy higher
sales, more revenue and higher profits.
(d) There is no sample answer for this question so you can
try it yourself, for exam practice.
(e) There is no sample answer for this question so you can
try it yourself, for exam practice.
(f) When Coca-Cola build a new factory, they have to
choose a suitable combination of materials, tools,
equipment, machinery and labour for production. Some
businesses use labour-intensive production. This means
that they use relatively more labour than capital. Labour-
intensive production is common in Far Eastern countries,
such as China and Vietnam, where labour is cheap.
In contrast, some businesses use capital-intensive
production methods. This means that production relies
more on the use of plant and machinery. Generally, Coca-
Cola probably uses more capital-intensive methods but
it may depend on where the factory is located. Before
making the decision Coca-Cola would have to consider
whether capital-intensive production or labour-intensive
production would be most suitable.
One of the main advantages to Coca-Cola of capital-
intensive production would be lower unit costs. Provided
Coca-Cola can sell large quantities of its products,
investment in technology is usually more cost eective.
Also, when machinery is employed in production the
quality of output is usually more precise and consistent.
This will reduce defects and cut the waste in production.
Another benefit of machinery is that it can be used
for long periods of time without breaks and holidays.
Machines do not get tired and they can be put to work
for 24/7 if necessary. Finally, Coca-Cola is likely to
find that in production managing machinery is a lot
easier than managing people. Machines do not react to
instructions, they have no emotions and will not cause
conflict in the workplace.
However, Coca-Cola will need to be aware that
employing more machinery does have disadvantages.
For example, there is the huge cost of purchasing and
installing new machinery. The cost to Coca-Cola of the
Comment, 1 (a) (i), (ii) and (iii)
As in Paper 1, marks for multiple-choice questions are awarded
for satisfying AO1. Once again, remember to read all of the
answers before making your selection. Avoid picking the first
answer that you see that you think might be right because there
might be a more accurate answer further down the list.
The answer to (a) (i) is D. Cash is the most liquid asset of all and
is therefore a current asset. Trade payables and a bank overdraft
in A and C are both current liabilities. Property in B is a non-
current asset.
The answer to (a) (ii) is C. Owners are said to have limited liability
when they can only lose the original amount of money invested in
a business if it fails. In A, a certificate of incorporation is awarded
to a limited company, which permits it to trade as such. In B
unlimited liability means that business owners can lose more than
the original amount invested in a business if it collapses. In D, a
patent is a licence that can be obtained by a business to prevent
rivals from copying an idea or invention.
The answer to (a) (iii) is D. Social enterprises are set up to achieve
a social or environmental aim, not to make a profit. In A, B and C,
multinational companies, private limited companies and public
limited companies are all likely to be driven by profit, although
some might have other objectives in addition.
(b) Definitions will normally be awarded one mark for
AO1. No more than one or two sentences are required
to define a term. In this case, branding also involved
dierentiation from competitors. The definition is not
detailed as it may have been but will likely be awarded
1 mark.
(d) Giving a business example is another way of
demonstrating knowledge. In this case, the example is
specific to Coca-Cola so a mark for AO2 might awarded
for a correct example. The student answer states that a
trade payable might be an example of a current liability
for Coca-Cola. For example, it might owe money to a
supplier of sugar. This is a relevant example and applied
to Coca-Cola. Other examples could have been used
such as a bank overdraft or any tax owed by Coca-Cola.
(f) There are three marks awarded for this question which
again is focused on testing knowledge (AO1). One mark
might be awarded for identifying one advantage and
another two for explaining the advantage to a business.
One advantage of internal recruitment is that recruiting
costs will be lower (1). The student answer explains
that costs like placing a job advert, processing job
applications, shortlisting and interviewing a number
of dierent candidates are all avoided (1). The answer
also goes on to explain that with lower costs profits will
be higher (1).
(g) This question is about the business in the case and has
six marks available. Therefore three might be awarded
for AO2 and three for AO3. For AO2, the student answer
identifies two advantages to Coca-Cola of sponsorship:
lower cost relative to TV advertising and a huge reach.
To get all three AO2 marks, it is important to answer the
question in the context of the business. This answer
makes clear reference to Coca-Cola’s long-term
sponsorship of the Olympic games. For AO3, there must
be some analysis. Here the student has explained the