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between the policies in a reasonably equitable manner.” Pioneer State Mut Ins Co v TIG Ins Co,
229 Mich App 406, 413-414; 581 NW2d 802 (1998).
In Bosco, our Supreme Court explained that although the language of a policy was “of
greatest import,” it was also important to examine the type of policy involved. Bosco, 456 Mich
at 293. Our Supreme Court explained that,
a distinct difference exists between “true” excess insurance coverage and excess
“other insurance” on the basis of the difference in policy types within the insurance
industry, the premiums charged for and risks assumed by the policies, the language
of the policies, and the reasonable expectations of all the contracting parties. This
difference requires an excess “other insurance” policy to be exhausted before “true”
excess insurance policies are required to contribute to a loss. [Id. at 281-282.]
The distinction is whether a policy is written with the expectation that some other primary policy
will provide all coverage until its limits are exhausted, or whether a policy offers excess coverage
when triggered by limited circumstances. Id. at 294-295. Our Supreme Court further explained
that “the fact that a policy is issued as an umbrella policy at rates reflecting the reduced risk insured
indicates the intent that the policy is excess over other excess policies.” Id. at 290.
When the two policy clauses here are read in context, it is clear that the James River
underinsured-motorist policy is intended to be a primary policy that provides excess coverage
under limited circumstances, whereas the Citizens umbrella policy is intended to be a truly last-
resort policy. The James River policy was clearly intended as a primary policy in general. It is
intended to provide underinsured motorist coverage under certain circumstances. It is similar to
the policy in Bosco that provided coverage for injuries for injuries caused by motor vehicles, with
an excess clause under which, if the insurer caused injury through use of a nonowned automobile,
then the insurer’s coverage would be “excess over any other valid and collectible insurance.”
Bosco, 456 Mich at 285-286, 296. The Citizens policy is a homeowners policy, not an automobile
policy, that includes an umbrella policy explicitly stating that its coverage is “excess.” It is similar
to the umbrella policies in Bosco that would provide liability coverage only after certain primary
insurance limits had been exceeded. Id. at 286. Our Supreme Court considered only the latter to
be “ ‘true’ excess coverage” policies, even if the other policy was only available under certain
circumstances. Id. at 291-296.
From Bosco, it follows that James River’s policy provides excess “other insurance”
coverage and Citizens’s policy provides “ ‘true’ excess coverage.” Just as the automobile policy
in Bosco provided excess coverage only under certain circumstances, so too does James River’s
policy here. James River’s policy does not state it is excess over any underlying coverage; it is
excess only if a vehicle is underinsured—rather than uninsured—or if “other collectible uninsured
motorist insurance” applies. In contrast, Citizens’s policy provided coverage over any of the
underlying policies listed on its declaration page, and it is expressly an umbrella policy. Indeed,
if Dale did not have liability coverage with Progressive, there is no question James River’s policy
would have been primary. Also, like the automobile policy in Bosco, under James River’s policy,
James River’s liability attached on the occurrence of an insured event: bodily injury caused by an
accident with a driver of an uninsured or underinsured motor vehicle. Like the umbrella policies
in Bosco, under Citizen’s policy, Citizens’s liability did not arise because of the occurrence of any