119, 122; “Receptions: Fraternities Give Delightful House Parties,” Ithaca Daily Journal, February 1, 1899,
6; Jane Marsh Dieckmann, A Short History of Tompkins County (Ithaca, N.Y., 1986), 47; Geoffrey M.
Gyrisco, “A Guide to the Works of William Henry Miller, Ithaca’s Architect,” typescript, December 1978,
Fine Arts Library, Cornell University.
25. Minutes, Cornell chapter, Alpha Delta Phi, April 20, 1900.
26. “Alpha Delta Phi: Fraternity to Build Fine Home on University Hill,” Ithaca Daily Journal, April 10,
1902, 8. Both the Chi Psi and Alpha Delta Phi chapter houses were destroyed by fire, but were rebuilt,
although in different styles. See “Fire in Chi Psi Fraternity House Results in the Loss of Seven Lives,” Ithaca
Daily Journal, December 7, 1906, 3; “Chi Psi House Plans Completed,” Ithaca Daily Journal, August 3,
1907; Reed, Alpha Delta Phi, 62.
27. “Alpha Delta Phi’s Unique Building,” Ithaca Daily Journal, July 14, 1908, 7; Kiplinger, “History of
the Chapter”; “Three New Fraternity Houses,” Cornell Daily Sun, October 2, 1903, 1; “Fraternity House
Changes: Two New Lodges Building and Four Others Altered,” Cornell Daily Sun, September 26, 1902, 3;
Sanborn Map Co., fire insurance maps for Ithaca, N.Y., 1910.
28. Horowitz, Campus Life, 131, 138–140, 144; Owen, “Reflections on the College Fraternity,” I3; O.D.
von Engeln, Concerning Cornell (Ithaca, N.Y., 1917), 299; Bishop, History of Cornell, 293, 304–305, 403,
420; Hewett, Cornell University, 20–21; “New Buildings Being Erected: Homes for the Law School and for
Fraternities,” Cornell Era, October 24, 1891, 37–39; “Chi Psi Reception,” Ithaca Daily Journal, November
21, 1896; “Receptions”; Kenneth L. Roberts, “Far Above Cayuga’s Waters,” Saturday Evening Post,
February 2, 1929, 57.
29. M.G. Lord, “The Greek Rites of Exclusion,” The Nation, July 4, 1987, 12; Lawrence Bancroft (Cor
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nell chapter, Alphi Phi Alpha), e-mail message to the author, April 27, 2004; Bishop, History of Cornell, 404;
Cornell University, 1911 Cornellian (Ithaca, N.Y., n.d.), 180; Cornell University, Directory of the Univer
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sity, First Term, 1925–26 (Ithaca, N.Y., 1925), 109.
30. Cornell, Directory, 1925–26, 109; Bishop, History of Cornell, 448.
31. Charles Thompson, Halfway Down the Stairs (New York, 1957), 99–101.
32. Cornell University, Office of the Dean of Students, “A Report on Some Aspects of Fraternity Life at
Cornell University,” September 1960, 10; Owen, “Reflections on the College Fraternity,” I22–I23;
Horowitz, Campus Life, 239, 244; Cornell University, Student Directory (Ithaca, N.Y., 1960), 2; Cornell
University, Student Directory, 1975–1976 (Ithaca, N.Y., 1975), 6–7; Deborah Huffman, “Trustees Imple-
ment Anti-Bias Legislation for All Living Units,” Cornell Daily Sun, February 23, 1968, 1; Richard M.
Warshauer, “White Attempt to Break In Sparks Dispute Over Cops,” Cornell Daily Sun, April 20, 1969,
extra edition, 1.
33. Cornell University, University Faculty Committee on Student Affairs, “Fraternities at Cornell (The
Muller Report),” March 1, 1961, 6, Fraternity and Sorority Affairs Records, #37/4/3027, Box 2, Division of
Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.
34. Cornell Dean of Students, “Fraternity Life,” 5. G. Armour Craig, former president of Amherst Col
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lege, commented that the reason many small colleges do not abolish their Greek systems is because of a fear
that such reforms will reduce alumni giving. See Lord, “Greek Rites of Exclusion,” 12.
35. Ernest L. Boyer, College: The Undergraduate Experience in America (New York, 1987), 208; Simon
J. Bronner, Piled Higher and Deeper: The Folklore of Student Life (Little Rock, Ark., 1995), 127; Owen,
“Reflections on the College Fraternity,” I23; Cornell University, Student Directory, 1975–1976
(Ithaca,
N.Y., 1975), 6–7; Cornell University, Student Directory, 1985–1986 (Ithaca, N.Y., 1985), 8.
36. Dan Meyer (member, board of directors, Cornell chapter of Phi Kappa Psi), telephone conversation
with the author, October 25, 2002.
37. William A. Bryan, “Contemporary Fraternity and Sorority Issues,” in R. B. Winston, Jr., W. R. Net
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tles III, and J. H. Opper, eds., Fraternities and Sororities on the Contemporary College Campus (San Fran
-
cisco, 1987), 37–56; George D. Kuh and James C. Arnold, “Liquid Bonding: A Cultural Analysis of the Role
of Alcohol in Fraternity Pledgeship,” Journal of College Student Development 34 (September 1993), 327–
334; Valerie Nicolette, “Can Greeks Withstand Negative Attention?,” Cornell Daily Sun, December 4, 1989,
23–24; Peggy Reeves Sanday, Fraternity Gang Rape: Sex, Brotherhood, and Privilege on Campus (New
York, 1990); Hank Nuwer, Wrongs of Passage: Fraternities, Sororities, Hazing, and Binge Drinking
(Bloomington, 1999).
38. Cornell University, Fraternity and Sorority Affairs, “Social Responsibility Policy,” http://
www.dos.cornell.edu/dos/fsa/socialpol/SocialPolicy.html (accessed January 22, 2004); Scott Conroe, “Fra
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ternities Forever,” Cornell Magazine, May/June 1999, 30–37; Chris Koza (president, Cornell University
Interfraternity Council, member, Chi Psi fraternity), interview by the author, Ithaca, N.Y., April 28, 2000.
Gumprecht / RESIDENTIAL DISTRICTS IN COLLEGE TOWNS 269