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Events and evolving conditions in certain economies or markets may alter the risks associated with
investments tied to countries or regions that historically were perceived as comparatively stable
becoming riskier and more volatile. These risks are magnified in “emerging markets.” Emerging
market countries typically have less established market economies than developed countries and
may face greater social, economic, regulatory and political uncertainties. In addition, emerging
markets typically present greater illiquidity and price volatility concerns due to smaller or limited
local capital markets and greater difficulty in determining market valuations of securities due to
limited public information on issuers. Certain emerging market countries may be subject to less
stringent requirements regarding accounting, auditing, financial reporting and record keeping and
therefore, material information related to an investment may not be available or reliable.
Additionally, the fund may have substantial difficulties exercising its legal rights or enforcing a
counterparty’s legal obligations in certain jurisdictions outside of the United States, in particular in
emerging markets countries, which can increase the risks of loss.
General Market Risk - Economies and financial markets throughout the world are becoming
increasingly interconnected, which increases the likelihood that events or conditions in one country
or region will adversely impact markets or issuers in other countries or regions. Securities in the
fund’s portfolio may underperform in comparison to securities in general financial markets, a
particular financial market or other asset classes due to a number of factors, including inflation (or
expectations for inflation), deflation (or expectations for deflation), interest rates, global demand for
particular products or resources, market instability, debt crises and downgrades, embargoes, tariffs,
sanctions and other trade barriers, regulatory events, other governmental trade or market control
programs and related geopolitical events. In addition, the value of the fund’s investments may be
negatively affected by the occurrence of global events such as war, terrorism, environmental
disasters, natural disasters or events, country instability, and infectious disease epidemics or
pandemics.
For example, the outbreak of COVID-19 has negatively affected economies, markets and individual
companies throughout the world, including those in which the fund invests. The effects of this
pandemic to public health and business and market conditions, including, among other things,
reduced consumer demand and economic output, supply chain disruptions and increased
government spending, may continue to have a significant negative impact on the performance of the
fund’s investments, increase the fund’s volatility, exacerbate preexisting political, social and
economic risks to the fund, and negatively impact broad segments of businesses and populations. In
addition, governments, their regulatory agencies, or self-regulatory organizations have taken or may
take actions in response to the pandemic that affect the instruments in which the fund invests, or the
issuers of such instruments, in ways that could have a significant negative impact on the fund’s
investment performance. The duration and extent of COVID-19 and associated economic and
market conditions and uncertainty over the long-term cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.
The ultimate impact of COVID-19 and the extent to which the associated conditions impact the fund
will also depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain, difficult to accurately predict
and subject to frequent changes.
Geographic Focus Risk - The fund may focus its investments in one or more regions or small groups
of countries. As a result, the fund’s performance may be subject to greater volatility than a more
geographically diversified fund.
Greater China Region Risk – In addition to the risks listed under “Foreign Securities and Emerging
Markets Risk,” investments in Mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan are subject to significant
legal, regulatory, monetary and economic risks, as well as the potential for regional and global
conflicts, including actions that are contrary to the interests of the U.S.