bp Statistical Review
of World Energy
2022 | 71
st
edition
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The data series for proved oil and gas reserves in BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2017 does not necessarily
meet the definitions, guidelines and practices used for determining proved reserves at company level, for instance, as
published by the US Securities and Exchange Commission, nor does it necessarily represent BP’s view of proved
reserves by country. Rather, the data series has been compiled using a combination of primary official sources and
third-party data.
The Statistical Review of World Energy analyses
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The Review has been providing timely, comprehensive
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1
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Introduction
2 Chief economist’s introduction
3 2021 at a glance
4 2021: Six key charts
Primary energy
8 Consumption
9 Consumption by fuel
11 Consumption per capita
CO2
Carbon
1 2 Carbon dioxide emissions
from energy
13 Natural gas: Flaring
14 Carbon dioxide
equivalent emissions
Oil
1 5 Production
20 Consumption
2 4 Prices
2 5 Refining
2 7 Trade movements
Natural gas
2 9 Production
3 1 Consumption
3 3 Prices
3 6 Trade movements
Coal
38 Production
39 Consumption
40 Prices and trade movements
Nuclear energy
4 1 Consumption
Hydroelectricity
4 2 Consumption
Renewable energy
4 3 Renewables consumption
44 Renewable power generation
45 Generation by source
46 Solar capacity
47 Wind capacity
48 Biofuels production
49 Biofuels consumption
Electricity
5 0 Generation
51 Generation by fuel
Key minerals
5 2 Production
53 Reserves
53 Prices
Methodology
54 More detail on the methodology
Appendices
56 Approximate conversion factors
56 Definitions
5 7 More information
Contents
Acknowledgements
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the many contacts
worldwide who provide the publicly available data for this publication, and to
the researchers at the Centre for Energy Economics Research and Policy,
Heriot-Watt University who assist in the data compilation.
2
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
The challenges and uncertainties facing the global energy system
are at their greatest for almost 50 years, since the time of the last
great energy shocks of the 1970s.
Most immediate is the impact of the terrible events taking place
in Ukraine, with its tragic toll on lives and communities. The war
also threatens to lead to shortages in food and energy, which
could detract materially from health and wellbeing across the
globe. From an energy perspective, the growing shortages and
increasing prices highlight the continuing importance of energy
‘security’ and ‘affordability’ alongside ‘lower carbon’ when
addressing the energy trilemma.
This immediate challenge sits alongside the need for the world
to achieve a deep and rapid decarbonization consistent with
meeting the Paris climate goals. Considerable progress has
been made in sovereign pledges to achieve net zero, but those
growing ambitions have yet to translate into tangible progress
on the ground: carbon emissions have risen in every year
since the Paris goals were agreed (other than in 2020 at the
height of the COVID-19 pandemic). The world remains on an
unsustainable path.
Chief economist’s introduction
Added to those challenges, as COVID-19 restrictions around much
of the world are relaxed and economic activity recovers, energy
consumption is expanding sharply increasing the demands on
available energy supplies and highlighting fragilities in the system.
Responding to those multiple challenges and uncertainties
requires timely, objective and comprehensive data. That is the role
bp’s Statistical Review of World Energy has been playing for the
past 71 years and continues to play this year.
This year’s data show a sharp bounce back in global primary
energy in 2021, increasing by almost 6% and more than reversing
the sharp fall in energy consumption in 2020 as much of the world
locked down. Primary energy use in 2021 is estimated to be more
than 1% above its 2019 level.
In many ways, this sharp rebound in energy demand is a sign of
global success, driven by a rapid recovery in economic activity
as the widespread distribution of effective vaccines allowed for
an easing in COVID-19 restrictions in many parts of the world
and a return to our everyday lives. But it also highlights that the
pronounced dip in carbon emissions in 2020 was only temporary:
carbon equivalent emissions from energy (including methane),
industrial processes, and flaring increased by 5.7% last year.
Smoothing through the impact of the pandemic, emissions were
broadly unchanged over the past two years.
Encouragingly, renewable energy, led by wind and solar power,
continued to grow strongly and now accounts for 13% of total
power generation. Renewable generation increased by almost
17% in 2021 and accounted for over half of the increase in global
power generation over the past two years.
The low-carbon energy sources and technologies needed to
achieve a fast and deep decarbonization exist today – wind
and solar power, biofuels, blue and green hydrogen, CCUS
(carbon capture, use and storage), and carbon dioxide removals.
The challenge is to apply them at unprecedented pace and scale.
At bp, we remain committed to playing our role as we pursue our
net zero ambition. I hope this year’s Review is of use to others
following a similar pathway. I would like to thank all those who
help us compile the Review, including the governments and
statistical agencies around the world who have contributed their
official data again. The Statistical Review would not be possible
without your continuing support and transparency.
Thank you.
Spencer Dale
Chief economist
June 2022
The pronounced dip in carbon emissions
in 2020 was only temporary.
3
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Energy developments
• Primary energy demand increased by 5.8% in 2021, exceeding
2019 levels by 1.3%.
• Between 2019 and 2021, renewable energy increased by over
8 EJ. Consumption of fossil fuels was broadly unchanged.
• Fossil fuels accounted for 82% of primary energy use last year,
down from 83% in 2019 and 85% five years ago.
Carbon emissions
• Carbon dioxide emissions from energy use, industrial processes,
flaring and methane (in carbon dioxide equivalent) rose 5.7% in
2021 to 39.0 GtCO
2
e, with carbon dioxide emissions from energy
rising 5.9% to 33.9 GtCO
2
, close to 2019 levels.
• Carbon dioxide emissions from flaring and emissions from
methane and industrial processes rose more modestly by
2.9% and 4.6% respectively.
Oil
• Oil prices averaged $70.91/bbl in 2021, the second highest level
since 2015.
• Oil consumption increased by 5.3 million barrels per day (b/d) in
2021 but remained 3.7 million b/d below 2019 levels.
• A majority of the consumption growth came from gasoline
(1.8 million b/d) and diesel/gasoil (1.3 million b/d). Regionally,
most of the growth took place in the US (1.5 million b/d), China
(1.3 million b/d) and the EU (570,000 b/d).
• Global oil production increased by 1.4 million b/d in 2021, with
OPEC+ accounting for more than three-quarters of the increase.
Among all countries, Libya (840,000 b/d), Iran (540,000 b/d) and
Canada (300,000 b/d) saw the largest increases. Nigeria
(-200,000 b/d), the UK (-170,000 b/d) and Angola (-150,000 b/d)
reported the biggest declines.
• Refinery capacity declined for the first time in over 30 years by
almost 500,000 b/d last year driven by a sharp reduction in the
OECD (1.1 million b/d). As a result, refining capacity in the OECD
in 2021 was at its lowest level since 1998.
Natural gas
• Natural gas prices rebounded strongly across all three major gas
regions in 2021, rising fourfold to record annual levels in Europe
(TTF averaging $16/mmBtu) and tripling in the Asian LNG spot
market (JKM averaging $18.6/mmBtu). US Henry Hub prices
nearly doubled to average $3.8/mmBtu in 2021 – their highest
annual level since 2014.
• Global natural gas demand grew 5.3% in 2021, recovering above
pre-pandemic 2019 levels and crossing the 4 Tcm mark for the
first time. Its share in primary energy in 2021 was unchanged
from the previous year at 24%.
• LNG supply grew 5.6% (+26 Bcm) to 516 Bcm in 2021, its
slowest rate of growth since 2015 (other than in 2020). LNG
supply from the US rose by 34 Bcm, accounting for most of the
new incremental supplies and more than offsetting declines from
mainly other Atlantic Basin exporters.
• China surpassed Japan as the world’s largest LNG importer and
accounted for close to 60% of global LNG demand growth in 2021.
• Algerian pipeline exports to Europe were the largest source of
pipeline supply growth to the region (+13 Bcm) last year, followed
by Azerbaijan (+6 Bcm). While Russian pipeline supply to Europe
overall was steady at 167 Bcm in 2021, exports to the EU
decreased by 8.2% (-12 Bcm).
Coal
• Coal prices rose dramatically in 2021, with European prices
averaging $121/tonne and the Asian marker price averaging
$145/t, its highest since 2008.
• Coal consumption grew over 6% in 2021 to 160 EJ, slightly above
2019 levels and its highest level since 2014.
• China and India accounted for over 70% of the growth in coal
demand in 2021, increasing by 3.7 and 2.7 EJ, respectively.
• Global production matched consumption with an increase in
supply of 440 Mt. China and India accounted for much of the
increase in production, which was largely consumed domestically,
as well as Indonesia, supporting higher exports.
• Notably, both Europe and North America showed an increase
in coal consumption in 2021 after nearly 10 years of back-to-
back declines.
Renewables, hydro and nuclear
• Renewable primary energy (including biofuels but excluding
hydro) increased by around 5.1 EJ in 2021 – corresponding to an
annual growth rate of 15%, stronger than the previous year’s 9%,
and higher than that of any other fuel in 2021.
• Solar and wind capacity continued to grow rapidly in 2021,
increasing by 226 GW, close to the record increase of 236 GW
seen in 2020.
• China remained the main driver of solar and wind capacity growth
last year, accounting for about 36% and 40% of the global
capacity additions, respectively.
• Hydroelectricity generation decreased by around 1.4% in 2021,
the first fall since 2015. In contrast, nuclear generation increased
by 4.2% – the strongest increase since 2004 – led by China.
Electricity
• Electricity generation increased by 6.2% in 2021 – similar to the
strong bounce back seen in 2010 in the aftermath of the financial
crisis (6.4%).
• Wind and solar reached a 10.2% share of power generation in
2021, the first time wind and solar power have provided more
than 10% of global power and surpassing the contribution of
nuclear energy.
• Coal remained the dominant fuel for power generation in 2021,
with its share increasing to 36%, up from 35.1% in 2020.
• Natural gas in power generation increased by 2.6% in 2021,
although its share decreased from 23.7% in 2020 to 22.9% in 2021.
Key minerals
• The price of cobalt increased 63% in 2021 to average $51,000/
tonne. Similarly, lithium carbonate prices rose 58% to average
$11,000/tonne. So far in 2022, mineral prices have continued
to surge.
• Lithium production rose sharply by 27%, cobalt output was
up by only 4%.
Energy demand and emissions bounced back
to around pre-pandemic levels in 2021, reversing
the temporary reduction in 2020 resulting from
the COVID-19 pandemic.
2021 at a glance
4
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Primary energy
Primary energy grew by 31 EJ in 2021, the largest increase
in history and more than reversing the sharp decline seen in
2020. Primary energy in 2021 was 8 EJ above 2019 levels.
The increase in primary energy in 2021 was driven by
emerging economies, which increased by 13 EJ, with China
expanding by 10 EJ.
Since 2019, primary energy consumption in emerging
economies increased by 15 EJ, largely reflecting growth
in China (13 EJ). In contrast, energy demand in developed
economies in 2021 was 8 EJ below 2019 levels.
The increase in primary energy between 2019 and 2021
was entirely driven by renewable energy sources. The level
of fossil fuel energy consumption was unchanged between
2019 and 2021, with lower oil demand (-8 EJ) offset by
higher natural gas (5 EJ) and coal (3 EJ) consumption.
2021: Six key charts
Primary energy in 2021 grew by its largest amount in history, with emerging economies accounting for most of the increase
30
40
10
20
40
30
10
20
30
40
10
20
40
30
10
20
Oil Coal Natural gas Renewables HydroNuclear
EJ
2007
2011
2009
2013
2015
2019
2017
2021
Change in primary energy by fuel
0
EJ
2007
2011
2009
2013
2015
2019
2017
2021
Change in primary energy by geography
0
Non-OECD
OECD
In 2021, the energy system rebounded strongly as the global economy recovered from the COVID-19
pandemic. These charts summarize some of the key highlights from this year’s Statistical Review.
Primary energy use in 2021
was 1.3% above 2019 levels.
5
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
CO
2
emissions
Emissions from energy rebounded strongly in 2021 back
to around 2019 levels.
The sharp rebound in emissions in 2021 was explained
by economic growth. As economic activity recovered
from lockdowns and other COVID-19 related measures,
energy consumption increased sharply. Carbon intensity
and, to lesser extent, energy intensity were largely
unchanged in 2021.
200%
100%
400%
300%
500%
YoY%
change
2022 vs 2021*
2021 vs 2020
Oil ($/bbl) Gas ($/mmBtu) Coal ($/tonne) Minerals ($k/tonne)
Brent
Sources:
Brent: S&P Global Platts, © 2022, S&P Global Inc.
TTF: ICIS Heren Energy Ltd.
Northwest Europe marker price: S&P Global Platts, © 2022, S&P Global Inc.
Cobalt: London Metal Exchange
Lithium carbonate: Benchmark Mineral Intelligence
*2022 vs 2021 percentage changes use the latest data available as of June 2022
TTF
Northwest Europe
marker price
Cobalt
Lithium
carbonate
Energy and mineral prices increased in 2021 and continue
to do so in 2022
0%
16
31
122
255
70
11
54
105
71
51
2000
1000
1500
500
-1500
-1000
-500
-2000
2500
-2500
0
2007
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017
2019
2021
The increase in carbon emissions in 2021 was driven
by the rebound in economic growth
Annual change MtCO
2
e
Energy intensity
Carbon intensity
Economic activity
Total
Commodity prices
Global energy prices increased sharply in 2021.
The most pronounced increase was in the price of natural gas.
TTF increased by over 400% to average $16/mmBtu in 2021.
Oil prices rose by around 70%, with Brent ending the year
around $70/bbl.
Cobalt and lithium carbonate saw similar rates of increase,
averaging $51,000/tonne and $11,000/tonne, respectively,
in 2021.
Prices continue to increase in 2022. So far, lithium carbonate
has soared more than 400% in the first five months of this
year, to a record level of $54,000/tonne.
Natural gas prices quadrupled in Europe,
tripled in Asia, and doubled in the US.
Emissions from energy rebounded strongly
in 2021 back to around 2019 levels.
6
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
The share of renewables in global power generation
continued to increase
40%
30%
20%
Gas
Coal
Renewables
10%
50%
13%
23%
36%
2001
2003
2011
2009
2007
2005
2013
2015
2017
2019
2021
0%
Power by fuel
The share of renewables (excluding hydro) in global power
generation continued its rising trend, driven by strong
expansion in solar and wind energy. Renewables share in
power generation reached almost 13% in 2021, higher than
the share of nuclear energy (9.8%).
The share of coal in the power sector increased slightly from
35% to 36% in 2021 but remained below its 2019 level.
The share of gas generation in 2021 remained close to its
10-year average level.
Oil demand
Oil demand in 2021 averaged 3.7 Mb/d below 2019 levels
Much of this weakness was concentrated in aviation-related
oil demand, which was more than 2.5 Mb/d (33%) below
2019 levels.
Demand for diesel and gasoil in 2021 was less than 1 Mb/d
(3%) below pre-pandemic levels. In contrast, naphtha, and
other oil products demand in 2021 were above their pre-
pandemic levels.
-6
-8
-2
-4
2
2021
2020
Mb/
d
Naphtha
Others
Fuel Oil
Diesel/Gasoil
Gasoline
Jet/Kero
Total
-10
Oil demand in 2021 remained below 2019 levels
0
In the last two years, renewables have
grown more than the combined increase
in coal and natural gas supplies.
Aviation-related oil demand remained
33% below 2019 levels in 2021.
7
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
40%
20%
80%
60%
100%
Natural gas
Coal
Oil*
Russian share of EU-27 Natural gas and Coal consumption
and Oil imports
Other supply
*Crude and products. May include re-exports of product and oil that is stored
but not processed.
Imports from Russia
European supply
0%
37%
20%
25%
Oil, gas and coal trade
Russian natural gas imports via pipeline and LNG accounted
for almost 40% of total EU natural gas consumption in 2021.
Russian oil imports made up 25% of total EU oil imports.
Russian coal imports contributed 20% of total EU coal
energy consumption in 2021.
Russia accounted for almost 40%
of Europe’s gas use in 2021.
8
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Primary energy
Consumption*
Exajoules 2011 2012 2 013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 14.03 14.07 14.42 14.45 14.55 14.35 14.58 14.70 14.63 13.82
13.94
1.1% -0.1% 2.3%
Mexico 7.69 7.73 7.76 7.73 7.72 7.82 7.93 7.90 7.58 6.43
6.79
5.9% -1.2% 1.1%
US 92.61 90.17 92.62 93.59 92.69 92.60 92.95 96.34 95.66 88.54
92.97
5.3%
◆
15.6%
Total N orth America 114.33 111.98 114.80 115.77 114.96 114.77 115.46 118.95 117.87 108.79
113.70
4.8% -0.1% 19.1%
Argentina 3.27 3.40 3.54 3.53 3.59 3.57 3.57 3.54 3.35 3.17
3.43
8.5% 0.5% 0.6%
Brazil 11.80 12.02 12.44 12.73 12.40 12.12 12.25 12.30 12.56 12.00
12.57
5.0% 0.6% 2.1%
Chile 1.47 1.50 1.52 1.49 1.52 1.60 1.61 1.69 1.74 1.62
1.66
3.0% 1.3% 0.3%
Colombia 1.51 1.62 1.63 1.71 1.73 1.82 1.84 1.87 1.93 1.73
1.92
11.3% 2.4% 0.3%
Ecuador 0.59 0.63 0.65 0.68 0.68 0.67 0.70 0.74 0.76 0.66
0.76
16.4% 2.5% 0.1%
Peru 0.91 0.94 0.96 0.99 1.03 1.10 1.13 1.20 1.23 1.04
1.20
15.8% 2.8% 0.2%
Trinidad & Tobago 0.83 0.81 0.83 0.82 0.80 0.71 0.75 0.71 0.70 0.61
0.61
1.7% -2.9% 0.1%
Venezuela 3.49 3.65 3.69 3.54 3.49 3.04 3.06 2.52 2.09 1.93
2.03
5.8% -5.3% 0.3%
Central America 1.07 1.11 1.12 1.16 1.27 1.32 1.36 1.34 1.40 1.28
1.44
12.7% 2.9% 0.2%
Other Caribbean 1.58 1.56 1.52 1.50 1.54 1.60 1.56 1.61 1.66 1.47
1.65
13.0% 0.4% 0.3%
Other South America 1.19 1.21 1.25 1.22 1.24 1.35 1.33 1.35 1.28 1.16
1.18
1.5% -0.1% 0.2%
Total S. & Cent. America 27.72 28.46 29.14 29.37 29.29 28.90 29.17 28.86 28.68 26.66
28.46
7.0% 0.3% 4.8%
Austria 1.42 1.49 1.48 1.42 1.42 1.47 1.50 1.47 1.54 1.44
1.48
3.2% 0.5% 0.2%
Belgium 2.60 2.49 2.56 2.38 2.42 2.60 2.63 2.61 2.70 2.44
2.73
12.2% 0.5% 0.5%
Bulgaria 0.81 0.77 0.71 0.76 0.81 0.76 0.78 0.78 0.76 0.70
0.78
12.6% -0.3% 0.1%
Croatia 0.34 0.32 0.35 0.35 0.33 0.34 0.34 0.35 0.34 0.33
0.36
9.1% 0.5% 0.1%
Cyprus 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.10
0.11
5.7% -1.2%
◆
Czech Republic 1.81 1.80 1.77 1.73 1.69 1.67 1.75 1.74 1.72 1.59
1.68
5.7% -0.7% 0.3%
Denmark 0.79 0.73 0.77 0.74 0.72 0.72 0.73 0.72 0.70 0.63
0.67
7.4% -1.6% 0.1%
Estonia 0.26 0.26 0.28 0.27 0.25 0.25 0.28 0.28 0.23 0.21
0.24
12.5% -1.0%
◆
Finland 1.26 1.23 1.23 1.19 1.19 1.20 1.18 1.20 1.18 1.13
1.16
2.9% -0.8% 0.2%
France 10.37 10.38 10.49 10.05 10.11 9.94 9.87
10.05 9.84 8.86
9.41
6.5% -1.0% 1.6%
Germany 13.36 13.54 13.93 13.35 13.60 13.83 14.01 13.65 13.30 12.36
12.64
2.6% -0.5% 2.1%
Greece 1.32 1.24 1.17 1.10 1.11 1.09 0.95 1.15 1.12 1.00
1.05
6.0% -2.2% 0.2%
Hungary 0.97 0.90 0.86 0.86 0.90 0.92 0.97 0.98 0.99 0.97
1.02
4.6% 0.5% 0.2%
Iceland 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.23 0.21
0.21
2.5% 0.4%
◆
Ireland 0.62 0.61 0.59 0.59 0.63 0.65 0.66 0.67 0.67 0.63
0.63
-0.1% 0.2% 0.1%
Italy 7.19 7.00 6.69 6.34 6.52 6.54 6.62 6.67 6.56 5.92
6.36
7.6% -1.2% 1.1%
Latvia 0.16 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.18 0.16 0.16 0.15
0.15
4.0% -0.5%
◆
Lithuania 0.25 0.25 0.23 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
0.25
0.6% 0.3%
◆
Luxembourg 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.15
0.15
4.2% -1.5%
◆
Netherlands 3.94 3.81 3.70 3.49 3.54 3.61 3.55 3.55 3.55 3.38
3.47
2.9% -1.3% 0.6%
North Macedonia 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.10
0.10
7.7% -1.5%
◆
Norway 1.83 2.02 1.90 1.95 1.97 2.00 2.01 1.98 1.85 2.01
2.05
1.9% 1.1% 0.3%
Poland 4.22 4.10 4.11 3.96 4.00 4.18 4.34 4.39 4.27 4.08
4.44
9.1% 0.5% 0.7%
Portugal 1.05 0.96 1.05 1.07 1.05 1.12 1.09 1.11 1.05 0.95
0.96
0.6% -0.9% 0.2%
Romania 1.47 1.41 1.32 1.37 1.38 1.38 1.40 1.43 1.39 1.33
1.40
5.8% -0.5% 0.2%
Slovakia 0.71 0.68 0.70 0.65 0.66 0.66 0.70 0.69 0.67 0.65
0.71
9.3%
◆
0.1%
Slove nia 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.30 0.27 0.29 0.29 0.30 0.29 0.28
0.27
-2.8% -1.1%
◆
Spain 6.04 6.01 5.71 5.60 5.67 5.72 5.79 5.89 5.73 5.18
5.59
8.2% -0.8% 0.9%
Sweden 2.21 2.35 2.20 2.19 2.26 2.22 2.30 2.25 2.34 2.23
2.28
2.9% 0.3% 0.4%
Switzerland 1.20 1.26 1.30 1.24 1.21 1.14 1.14 1.16 1.21 1.11
1.07
-3.2% -1.1% 0.2%
Turkey 4.85 5.15 5.11 5.26 5.77 6.07 6.43 6.36 6.60 6.44
6.83
6.3% 3.5% 1.1%
Ukraine 5.31 5.19 4.93 4.35 3.61 3.78 3.51 3.64 3.45 3.31
3.33
1.2% -4.5% 0.6%
United Kingdom 8.48 8.59 8.56 8.08 8.20 8.11 8.09 8.06 7.87 7.06
7.18
2.0% -1.7% 1.2%
Other Europe 1.76 1.65 1.75 1.60 1.71 1.81 1.80 1.88 1.84 1.76
1.62
-7.8% -0.8% 0.3%
Total Europe 87.51 87.26 86.46 83.19 83.96 85.09 85.74 86.06 84.79 78.93
82.38
4.7% -0.6% 13.8%
Azerbaijan 0.52 0.54 0.55 0.56 0.62 0.61 0.60 0.62 0.65 0.64
0.66
3.6% 2.3% 0.1%
Belarus 1.08 1.17
1.06 1.06 0.96 0.98 1.00 1.11 1.11 1.03
1.11
7.4% 0.2% 0.2%
Kazakhstan 2.51 2.64 2.65 2.71 2.57 2.62 2.76 3.07 3.04 2.89
2.85
-1.2% 1.3% 0.5%
Russian Federation 29.09 29.16 28.79 28.86 28.37 28.99 29.17 30.24 30.02 28.88
31.30
8.7% 0.7% 5.3%
Turkmenistan 1.00 1.09 0.97 1.00 1.20 1.19 1.17 1.31 1.42 1.34
1.60
20.2% 4.9% 0.3%
Uzbekistan 2.01 1.96 1.96 2.03 1.94 1.85 1.91 1.92 1.92 1.88
1.97
5.2% -0.2% 0.3%
Other CIS 0.73 0.76 0.73 0.74 0.74 0.75 0.78 0.85 0.82 0.80
0.84
5.2% 1.4% 0.1%
Total CIS 36.95 37.31 36.71 36.96 36.39 37.00 37.39 39.11 38.99 37.46
40.32
7.9% 0.9% 6.8%
Iran 9.12 9.22 9.56 9.99 9.94 10.40 10.83 11.19 11.74 12.02
12.19
1.7% 2.9% 2.0%
Iraq 1.41 1.54 1.71 1.62 1.57 1.80 1.90 2.29 2.23 1.99
2.12
7.2% 4.2% 0.4%
Israel 0.97 1.02 0.96 0.94 0.99 1.01 1.03 1.05 1.09 1.03
1.05
2.5% 0.8% 0.2%
Kuwait 1.45 1.51 1.55 1.57 1.63 1.62 1.65 1.68 1.73 1.61
1.74
8.0% 1.8% 0.3%
Oman 0.94 1.03 1.15 1.14 1.21 1.21 1.30 1.37 1.36 1.34
1.50
12.6% 4.8% 0.3%
Qatar 1.41 1.59 1.73 1.87 2.13 2.09 2.02 2.02 2.11 1.85
1.93
4.3% 3.2% 0.3%
Saudi Arabia 9.18 9.74 9.78 10.53 10.87 11.16 11.08 10.94 10.79 10.62
10.82
2.2% 1.7% 1.8%
United Arab Emirates 3.68 3.87 4.08 4.04 4.43 4.62 4.64 4.58 4.55 4.26
4.53
6.6% 2.1% 0.8%
Other Middle East 2.36 2.24 2.16 2.14 1.99 1.96 2.04 1.97 2.00 1.88
1.96
4.2% -1.9% 0.3%
Total Middle East 30.53 31.75 32.68 33.85 34.76 35.87 36.49 37.09 37.59 36.60
37.84
3.7% 2.2% 6.4%
Algeria 1.67 1.83 1.93 2.11 2.22 2.22 2.25 2.42 2.50 2.36
2.46
4.9% 4.0% 0.4%
Egypt 3.38 3.51 3.49 3.44 3.50 3.69 3.84 3.84 3.77 3.54
3.79
7.4% 1.2% 0.6%
Morocco 0.74 0.75 0.77 0.78 0.79 0.80 0.84 0.87 0.95 0.86
0.96
10.8% 2.7% 0.2%
South Africa 5.20 5.12 5.14 5.20 5.10 5.33 5.32 5.13 5.36 4.95
4.98
0.8% -0.4% 0.8%
Eastern Africa 1.67 1.72 1.86 2.04 2.12 2.09 2.21 2.33 2.32 2.19
2.34
7.5% 3.4% 0.4%
Middle Africa 0.75 0.81 0.92 0.96 0.95 0.96 0.95 0.99 1.01 0.99
1.06
7.4% 3.6% 0.2%
Western Africa 1.73 1.82 1.84 1.90 2.17 2.21 2.37 2.64 2.72 2.76
2.98
8.3% 5.6% 0.5%
Other Northern Afri ca 0.91 1.08 1.17 1.15 1.14 1.17 1.15 1.16 1.16 1.04
1.22
17.5% 3.0% 0.2%
Other Southe rn Africa 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.21 0.20 0.20 0.19
0.20
1.3% 1.6%
◆
Total Africa 16.21 16.82 17.30 17.77 18.19 18.67 19.13 19.58 19.99 18.89
19.99
6.2% 2.1% 3.4%
Australia 5.60 5.52 5.59 5.63 5.76 5.78 5.76 5.84 6.04 5.74
5.72
◆
0.2% 1.0%
Bangladesh 0.98 1.05 1.08 1.13 1.31 1.33 1.38 1.46 1.63 1.58
1.65
5.0% 5.4% 0.3%
China 112.80 117.43 121.85 125.41 127.02 129.15 133.60 138.88 143.92 147.58
157.65
7.1% 3.4% 26.5%
China Hong Kong SAR 1.19 1.14 1.17 1.14 1.18 1.21 1.29 1.31 1.24 0.93
0.88
-5.5% -3.0% 0.1%
India 23.94 25.37 26.26 28.08 28.91 30.16 31.32 33.34 34.15 32.19
35.43
10.4% 4.0% 6.0%
Indonesia 6.79 7.03 6.78 6.86 7.00 7.07 7.39 8.19 8.75 8.10
8.31
2.9% 2.0% 1.4%
Japan 20.14 19.99 19.84 19.34 19.07 18.82 19.05 18.95 18.51 17.13
17.74
3.8% -1.3% 3.0%
Malaysia 3.42 3.74 3.91 3.95 4.01 4.22 4.28 4.35 4.47 4.10
4.19
2.4% 2.1% 0.7%
New Zealand 0.85 0.86 0.86 0.90 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.93 0.95 0.86
0.84
-2.0% -0.1% 0.1%
Pakistan 2.66 2.48 2.71 2.79 2.94 3.20 3.39 3.50 3.54 3.52
3.86
10.0% 3.8% 0.6%
Philippines 1.25 1.29 1.39 1.46 1.60 1.74 1.91 1.97 2.03 1.84
1.96
7.1% 4.6% 0.3%
Singapore 2.99 3.00 3.07 3.15 3.35 3.48 3.59 3.61 3.53 3.44
3.46
0.8% 1.5% 0.6%
South Korea 11.50 11.64 11.68 11.79 12.00 12.35 12.48 12.68 12.51 11.99
12.58
5.2% 0.9% 2.1%
Sri Lanka 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.31 0.34 0.37 0.37 0.38 0.39 0.37
0.38
3.1% 3.5% 0.1%
Taiwan 4.67 4.64 4.74 4.84 4.84 4.87 4.86 4.93 4.84 4.70
4.98
6.2% 0.6% 0.8%
Thailand 4.51 4.83 4.86 5.01 5.12 5.23 5.32 5.48 5.49 5.07
5.11
1.1% 1.2% 0.9%
Vi etnam 2.15 2.25 2.38 2.63 3.00 3.24 3.48 3.91 4.34 4.22
4.32
2.6% 7.2% 0.7%
Other A sia Pacific 7.15 7.38 7.40 7.80 8.19 8.79 9.65 10.05 10.30 10.48
10.65
1.8% 4.1% 1.8%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 207.66 214.59 220.48 226.61 230.59 235.62 243.28 252.74 259.51 256.69
272.45
6.4% 2.8% 45.8%
Total World 520.90 528.18 537.56 543.52 548.14 555.91 566.66 582.38 587.43 564.01 595.15 5.8% 1.3% 100.0%
of which: OECD 233.96 231.81 234.08 232.13 232.85 233.85 235.86 239.69 237.41 220.20
229.89
4.7% -0.2% 38.6%
Non-OECD 286.94 296.36 303.48 311.39 315.29 322.05 330.81 342.69 350.01 343.82
365.26
6.5% 2.4% 61.4%
European Union 63.87 63.17 62.69 60.48 61.26 61.95 62.55 62.77 61.77 57.07
60.11
5.6% -0.6% 10.1%
Source: statistics are taken from national statistical agencies, international organizations, and other proprietary sources.
*
In this Review, primary energy comprises commercially traded fuels, including modern renewables used to generate electricity.
Energy from all sources of non-fossil power generation is accounted for on an input-equiv alent basis. See the appendix or bp.com/statisticalreview for more details on this methodology.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Note: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
9
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Primary energy: Consumption by fuel*
2020 2021
Exajoules Oil
Natural
gas Coal
Nuclear
energy
Hydro-
electricity
Renew-
ables Total Oil
Natural
gas Coal
Nuclear
energy
Hydro-
electricity
Renew-
ables Total
Canada 4.11 4.08 0.53 0.88 3.65 0.57 13.82 4.17 4.29 0.48 0.83 3.59 0.58
13.94
Mexico 2.47 3.01 0.24 0.10 0.25 0.35 6.43 2.56 3.18 0.23 0.11 0.33 0.39
6.79
US 32.52 29.95 9.20 7.54 2.67 6.65 88.54 35.33 29.76 10.57 7.40 2.43 7.48
92.97
Total N orth America 39.10 37.04 9.97 8.53 6.58 7.57 108.79 42.06 37.23 11.28 8.34 6.34 8.44
113.70
Argentina 1.07 1.58 0.04 0.10 0.22 0.16 3.17 1.23 1.65 0.07 0.10 0.18 0.20
3.43
Brazil 4.22 1.13 0.59 0.13 3.75 2.19 12.00 4.46 1.46 0.71 0.13 3.42 2.39
12.57
Chile 0.70 0.22 0.26 – 0.21 0.22 1.62 0.73 0.23 0.26 – 0.16 0.29
1.66
Colombia 0.56 0.47 0.17 – 0.47 0.06 1.73 0.70 0.45 0.13 – 0.56 0.07
1.92
Ecuador 0.40 0.02 † – 0.23 0.01 0.66 0.49 0.02 † – 0.24 0.01
0.76
Peru 0.41 0.26 0.04 – 0.29 0.05 1.04 0.52 0.29 0.05 – 0.30 0.05
1.20
Trinidad & Tobago 0.06 0.55 – – – † 0.61 0.05 0.56 – – – †
0.61
Venezuela 0.57 0.78 † – 0.58 † 1.93 0.59 0.86 † – 0.58 †
2.03
Other S. & Cent. America 2.29 0.29 0.21 – 0.79 0.33 3.91 2.55 0.36 0.24 – 0.78 0.35
4.26
Total S. & Cent. America 10.26 5.30 1.31 0.22 6.54 3.02 26.66 11.31 5.88 1.46 0.23 6.22 3.35
28.46
Austria 0.48 0.31 0.10 – 0.40 0.15 1.44 0.49 0.32 0.11 – 0.40 0.15
1.48
Belgium 1.15 0.61 0.10 0.31 † 0.26 2.44 1.30 0.61 0.10 0.46 † 0.25
2.73
Czech Republic 0.37 0.30 0.52 0.27 0.02 0.10 1.59 0.41 0.33 0.54 0.28 0.02 0.10
1.68
Finland 0.35 0.07 0.11 0.21 0.15 0.22 1.13 0.35 0.07 0.12 0.22 0.15 0.25
1.16
France 2.68 1.46 0.19 3.21 0.58 0.73 8.86 2.91 1.55 0.23 3.43 0.55 0.74
9.41
Germany 4.22 3.14 1.81 0.58 0.17 2.44 12.36 4.18 3.26 2.12 0.62 0.18 2.28
12.64
Greece 0.52 0.23 0.08 – 0.03 0.14 1.00 0.52 0.25 0.07 – 0.05 0.16
1.05
Hungary 0.32 0.37 0.07 0.15 † 0.07 0.97 0.34 0.39 0.06 0.14 † 0.08
1.02
Italy 2.11 2.43 0.21 – 0.43 0.74 5.92 2.35 2.61 0.23 – 0.41 0.76
6.36
Netherlands 1.51 1.30 0.17 0.04 † 0.36 3.38 1.51 1.26 0.23 0.03 † 0.43
3.47
Norway 0.38 0.16 0.03 – 1.33 0.11 2.01 0.38 0.15 0.03 – 1.35 0.13
2.05
Poland 1.29 0.76 1.72 – 0.02 0.30 4.08 1.38 0.84 1.88 – 0.02 0.32
4.44
Portugal 0.41 0.22 0.02 – 0.11 0.19 0.95 0.42 0.21 0.01 – 0.11 0.20
0.96
Romania 0.42 0.41 0.15 0.10 0.15 0.11 1.33 0.46 0.41 0.17 0.10 0.16 0.10
1.40
Spain 2.21 1.17 0.12 0.53 0.29 0.86 5.18 2.45 1.22 0.16 0.51 0.28 0.97
5.59
Sweden 0.53 0.05 0.07 0.45 0.68 0.45 2.23 0.54 0.05 0.06 0.48 0.67 0.49
2.28
Switzerland 0.37 0.12 † 0.21 0.35 0.06 1.11 0.37 0.13 † 0.17 0.34 0.06
1.07
Turkey 1.84 1.66 1.70 – 0.74 0.50 6.44 1.89 2.06 1.74 – 0.52 0.61
6.83
Ukraine 0.44 1.06 0.96 0.69 0.07 0.09 3.31 0.46 0.94 0.95 0.78 0.10 0.11
3.33
United Kingdom 2.35 2.63 0.20 0.46 0.06 1.35 7.06 2.50 2.77 0.21 0.41 0.05 1.24
7.18
Other Europe 2.30 1.06 1.12 0.35 0.62 0.68 6.13 2.38 1.12 0.96 0.34 0.75 0.71
6.25
Total Europe 26.25 19.51 9.48 7.56 6.22 9.91 78.93 27.57 20.56 10.01 7.98 6.12 10.14
82.38
Azerbaijan 0.18 0.45 † – 0.01 † 0.64 0.19 0.46 † – 0.01 †
0.66
Belarus 0.34 0.64 0.04 † † 0.01 1.03 0.33 0.69 0.03 0.05 † 0.01
1.11
Kazakhstan 0.59 0.63 1.56 – 0.09 0.02 2.89 0.63 0.55 1.56 – 0.09 0.03
2.85
Russian Federation 6.34 15.25 3.29 1.96 2.01 0.04 28.88 6.71 17.09 3.41 2.01 2.02 0.06
31.30
Turkmenistan 0.27 1.07 – – † † 1.34 0.28 1.32 – – † †
1.60
Uzbekistan 0.16 1.57 0.10 – 0.05 † 1.88 0.17 1.67 0.07 – 0.05 †
1.97
Other CIS 0.15 0.21 0.09 0.03 0.33 † 0.80 0.16 0.22 0.10 0.02 0.33 †
0.84
Total CIS 8.03 19.80 5.08 1.99 2.49 0.07 37.46 8.47 21.99 5.17 2.08 2.51 0.10
40.32
Iran 3.22 8.43 0.07 0.06 0.22 0.02 12.02 3.25 8.68 0.07 0.03 0.14 0.02
12.19
Iraq 1.29 0.67 – – 0.03 † 1.99 1.48 0.62 – – 0.03 †
2.12
Israel 0.40 0.41 0.18 – – 0.04 1.03 0.41 0.42 0.16 – – 0.06
1.05
Kuwait 0.82 0.80 † – – † 1.61 0.83 0.90 † – – †
1.74
Oman 0.39 0.93 0.01 – – † 1.34 0.42 1.06 0.01 – – †
1.50
Qatar 0.45 1.40 † – – † 1.85 0.49 1.44 † – – †
1.93
Saudi Arabia 6.54 4.07 † – – † 10.62 6.59 4.22 † – – 0.01
10.82
United Arab Emirates 1.62 2.51 0.08 0.01 – 0.04 4.26 1.81 2.50
0.07 0.10 – 0.05
4.53
Other Middle East 0.98 0.84 0.01 – 0.02 0.04 1.88 1.02 0.87 0.01 – 0.02 0.04
1.96
Total Middle East 15.70 20.05 0.36 0.07 0.27 0.15 36.60 16.30 20.72 0.34 0.13 0.18 0.18
37.84
Algeria 0.76 1.57 0.02 – † 0.01 2.36 0.79 1.65 0.02 – † 0.01
2.46
Egypt 1.18 2.10 0.03 – 0.14 0.09 3.54 1.28 2.23 0.05 – 0.14 0.10
3.79
Morocco 0.49 0.03 0.28 – 0.01 0.06 0.86 0.55 0.03 0.31 – 0.01 0.07
0.96
South Africa 0.96 0.14 3.56 0.13 0.01 0.15 4.95 1.04 0.14 3.53 0.09 0.01 0.16
4.98
Other Africa 3.84 1.69 0.28 – 1.23 0.13 7.17 4.20 1.87 0.30 – 1.29 0.14
7.80
Total Africa 7.24 5.53 4.17 0.13 1.38 0.44 18.89 7.86 5.92 4.21 0.09 1.45 0.47
19.99
Australia 1.88 1.55 1.69 – 0.14 0.48 5.74 1.93 1.42 1.63 – 0.15 0.59
5.72
Bangladesh 0.34 1.08 0.16 – 0.01 † 1.58 0.38 1.12 0.14 – 0.01 †
1.65
China 28.74 12.12 82.38 3.32 12.50 8.52 147.58 30.60 13.63 86.17 3.68 12.25 11.32
157.65
China Hong Kong SAR 0.61 0.18 0.14 – – † 0.93 0.55 0.17 0.15 – – †
0.88
India 9.08 2.18 17.40 0.40 1.55 1.58 32.19 9.41 2.24 20.09 0.40 1.51 1.79
35.43
Indonesia 2.70 1.35 3.25 – 0.23 0.57 8.10 2.83 1.33 3.28 – 0.23 0.63
8.31
Japan 6.49 3.75 4.57 0.39 0.73 1.20 17.13 6.61 3.73 4.80 0.55 0.73 1.32
17.74
Malaysia 1.43 1.38 0.98 – 0.26 0.05 4.10 1.46 1.48 0.89 – 0.30 0.06
4.19
New Zealand 0.30 0.16 0.06 – 0.23 0.11 0.86 0.29 0.14 0.07 – 0.23 0.11
0.84
Pakistan 0.88 1.48 0.64 0.09 0.38 0.04 3.52 1.02 1.61 0.67 0.14 0.36 0.05
3.86
Philippines 0.75 0.14 0.73 – 0.07 0.15 1.84 0.82 0.12 0.79 – 0.09 0.15
1.96
Singapore 2.96 0.45 0.02 – – 0.01 3.44 2.93 0.48 0.03 – – 0.01
3.46
South Korea 5.06 2.07 3.02 1.45 0.04 0.34 11.99 5.39 2.25 3.04 1.43 0.03 0.44
12.58
Sri Lanka 0.25 – 0.06 – 0.05 0.01 0.37 0.24 – 0.06 – 0.07 0.02
0.38
Taiwan 1.83 0.90 1.56 0.29 0.03 0.10 4.70 1.92 0.98 1.67 0.25 0.03 0.12
4.98
Thailand 2.26 1.69 0.76 – 0.04 0.31 5.07 2.25 1.69 0.81 – 0.04 0.32
5.11
Vi etnam 1.00 0.32 2.10 – 0.69 0.11 4.22 0.94 0.26 2.15 – 0.71 0.27
4.32
Other A sia Pacific 5.30 1.29 2.43 – 1.40 0.07 10.48 5.35 1.27 2.47 – 1.47 0.08
10.65
Total Asi a Pacifi c 67.59 31.21 120.70 5.94
17.61 13.64 256.69 70.65 33.06 127.63 6.46 17.44 17.22
272.45
Total World 174.17 138.44 151.07 24.44 41.09 34.80 564.01 184.21 145.35 160.10 25.31 40.26 39.91 595.15
of which: OECD 78.75 63.31 27.50 16.99 14.02 19.63 220.20 83.62 64.62 29.69 17.27 13.57 21.11
229.89
Non-OECD 95.42 75.13 123.57 7.46 27.07 15.17 343.82 100.59 80.73 130.41 8.04 26.69 18.80
365.26
European Union 20.24 13.69 5.97 6.20 3.25 7.72 57.07 21.32 14.28 6.74 6.62 3.24 7.92
60.11
Source: statistics are taken from national statistical agencies, international organizations, and other proprietary sources.
*
In this Review, primary energy comprises commercially traded fuels, including modern renewables used to generate electricity.
Energy from all sources of non-fossil power generation is accounted for on an input-equiv alent basis. See the appendix or bp.com/statisticalreview for more details on this methodology.
†Less than 0.005.
Note: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
10
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
World consumption
Exajoules
600
500
400
300
200
100
Renewables
Nuclear energy
Coal
Natural gas
Oil
Hydroelectricity
00
0603 18151219 21
0
Regional consumption pattern 2021
Percentage
Asia PacificAfricaMiddle EastEurope CISS. & Cent. AmericaNorth America
0
100
80
60
40
10
70
50
30
90
20
Hydroelectricity
Nuclear energy
Renewables
Oil
Coal
Natural gas
50
10
20
30
40
18151209 210603
00
0
Shares of global primary energy
Percentage
11
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Primary energy: Consumption per capita*
Gigajoules per capita 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 20 16 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
2021 2011-21
Canada 408.5 405.4 410.9 407.9 407.5 397.3 399.0 396.7 389.1 363.4
364.4
0.5% -1.1%
Mexico 66.3 65.8 65.2 64.1 63.3 63.3 63.5 62.5 59.3 49.8
52.1
4.8% -2.4%
US 297.1 287.0 292.6 293.3 288.2 285.7 284.8 293.5 289.8 267.1
279.9
5.1% -0.6%
Total N orth America 247.5 240.1 243.9 243.7 239.8 237.3 236.7 241.9 237.9 218.2
227.0
4.3% -0.9%
Argentina 79.1 81.4 83.7 82.6 83.2 82.0 81.1 79.7 74.7 70.1
75.2
7.6% -0.5%
Brazil 59.7 60.2 61.8 62.7 60.6 58.7 58.9 58.7 59.4 56.4
58.7
4.3% -0.2%
Chile 85.3 86.4 86.5 83.9 85.1 88.4 88.2 90.7 91.7 84.0
84.9
1.3%
◆
Colombia 33.2 35.1 35.0 36.4 36.4 37.7 37.5 37.8 38.4 34.1
37.6
10.8% 1.3%
Ecuador 38.9 40.5 41.1 42.6 41.8 40.9 41.7 43.4 43.8 37.2
42.7
15.0% 0.9%
Peru 31.1 31.9 32.3 32.7 33.9 35.6 36.1 37.4 37.9 31.5
36.0
14.7% 1.5%
Trinidad & Tobago 618.8 605.3 612.4 605.4 584.0 515.4 544.4 513.3 498.5 432.9
438.3
1.5% -3.4%
Venezuela 120.9 124.5 123.8 117.8 116.0 101.7 104.2 87.2 73.3 67.7
70.8
4.8% -5.2%
Central America 24.3 24.8 24.6 25.0 26.9 27.6 27.9 27.2 27.9 25.2
27.9
11.1% 1.4%
Other Caribbean 39.3 38.5 37.4 36.6 37.4 38.6 37.5 38.5 39.5 34.8
39.0
12.3% -0.1%
Other South America 56.0 56.2 57.6 55.6 55.7 59.6 58.1 58.2 54.6 49.2
49.3
0.4% -1.3%
Total S. & Cent. America 57.5 58.4 59.2 59.1 58.3 57.0 57.0 56.0 55.1 50.8
53.7
6.2% -0.7%
Austria 168.7 176.7 174.5 166.1 164.4 168.2 170.8 166.0 173.5 161.7
165.7
2.8% -0.2%
Belgium 235.5 224.4 229.6 212.4 214.1 229.7 231.4 228.6 234.6 211.1
235.8
12.0%
◆
Bulgaria 110.0 105.1 97.8 105.1 112.5 107.3 110.5 111.6 108.5 100.8
114.0
13.4% 0.4%
Croatia 79.4 73.9 81.3 81.6 78.0 81.8 82.7 86.5 84.9 81.3
89.0
9.7% 1.1%
Cyprus 140.8 131.4 118.7 120.3 123.8 133.7 135.8 133.4 131.7 113.7
118.5
4.5% -1.7%
Czech Republic 172.2 171.1 167.9 164.1 160.6 158.1 164.9 163.8 161.1 148.7
156.6
5.6% -0.9%
Denmark 142.1 131.2 136.5 131.5 126.1 126.3 126.3 123.9 121.1 107.6
114.9
7.1% -2.1%
Estonia 198.2 200.4 211.7 202.5 187.2 193.1 213.6 211.0 169.5 159.1
178.6
12.6% -1.0%
Finland 233.9 226.4 226.3 217.6 216.2 219.0 214.2 218.1 213.4 204.2
209.3
2.7% -1.1%
France 164.5 163.8 164.4 156.5 156.9 153.9 152.3 154.8 151.2 135.9
144.0
6.3% -1.3%
Germany 166.4 168.3 172.6 164.7 166.3 167.8 169.4 164.6 160.1 148.6
152.0
2.6% -0.9%
Greece 118.8 112.4 106.5 100.8 102.7 101.1
88.1 107.0 104.4 93.2
98.8
6.3% -1.8%
Hungary 97.4 91.2 86.7 87.0 91.9 93.8 99.1 99.9 101.3 99.8
104.2
4.7% 0.7%
Iceland 627.4 629.0 646.0 642.3 667.2 665.8 691.6 710.6 672.6 602.5
612.4
1.9% -0.2%
Ireland 134.6 131.6 128.1 126.7 133.4 137.3 136.5 137.7 136.0 126.3
125.0
-0.8% -0.7%
Italy 121.1 117.5 110.8 104.4 107.4 107.9 109.3 110.5 109.4 99.6
107.2
8.0% -1.2%
Latvia 78.1 81.7 79.6 73.9 76.3 82.1 91.1 81.6 84.6 77.5
81.1
4.9% 0.4%
Lithuania 81.8 83.0 77.5 75.3 79.6 82.2 88.1 90.8 90.4 90.0
91.6
2.0% 1.1%
Luxembourg 338.0 324.2 301.9 285.7 271.2 261.2 267.1 274.3 273.9 230.2
234.7
2.3% -3.6%
Netherlands 236.0 227.5 220.0 206.9 208.9 211.6 207.2 205.9 204.4 193.9
198.2
2.5% -1.7%
North Macedonia 58.7 54.4 52.2 48.5 51.0 52.9 50.9 50.8 53.7 46.7
50.3
7.8% -1.5%
Norway 368.3 402.5 372.9 379.7 379.8 381.2 380.0 372.5 346.4 373.9
378.0
1.4% 0.3%
Poland 110.9 107.7 108.1 104.3 105.4 110.0 114.3 115.6 112.3 107.6
117.2
9.2% 0.5%
Portugal 99.3 91.1 100.5 103.1 101.3 108.6 105.5 107.7 102.5 92.7
93.1
0.7% -0.6%
Romania 73.1 70.6 66.1 68.8 69.5 70.0 71.5 73.3 72.0 69.0
73.3
6.5%
◆
Slovakia 131.3 126.0 129.1 120.4 121.4 121.8 128.5 126.3 122.0 119.3
130.1
9.3% -0.1%
Slove nia 147.4 143.0 141.3 144.8 130.5 139.4 140.8 142.7 137.6 132.6
128.1
-3.1% -1.4%
Spain 129.2 128.4 122.5 120.5 122.1 123.1 124.2 125.8 121.4 109.3
117.4
7.8% -0.9%
Sweden 234.0 246.5 229.0 225.6 230.8 223.7 227.9 220.7 227.2 214.8
218.9
2.2% -0.7%
Switzerland 150.3 157.2 159.2 150.2 145.3 135.2 134.4 135.6 140.5 128.3
122.8
-4.0% -2.0%
Turkey 65.8 68.7 67.1 68.0 73.4 76.0 79.2 77.2 79.1 76.3
80.2
5.4% 2.0%
Ukraine 116.0 113.8 108.2 95.8 84.1 88.4 82.5 86.0 81.8 78.9
80.4
2.2% -3.6%
United Kingdom 133.9 134.7 133.4 125.0 125.8 123.5 122.4 121.2 117.7 105.3
106.9
1.9% -2.2%
Other Europe 83.7 78.9 84.0 77.3 82.8 88.3 88.0 92.3 90.4 86.7
79.9
-7.6% -0.5%
Total Europe 133.2 132.4 130.6 125.1 126.2 127.5 128.0 128.1 125.9 117.0
122.0
4.6% -0.9%
Azerbaijan 57.2 58.1 59.0 59.3 64.1 62.8 60.9 62.0 64.8 63.0
64.6
2.9% 1.2%
Belarus 115.0 124.4 112.6 112.6 101.8 104.0 105.9 117.0 117.7 109.3
117.2
7.6% 0.2%
Kazakhstan 152.2 157.6 155.7 156.4 146.2 147.1 152.6 167.4 163.7 154.1
150.1
-2.3% -0.1%
Russian Federation 202.4 202.4 199.4 199.4 195.6 199.6 200.4 207.5 205.8 197.9
214.5
8.7% 0.6%
Turkmenistan 192.7 206.4 180.0 183.1 215.3 209.5 203.9 223.5 239.3 222.0
262.6
18.6% 3.1%
Uzbekistan
69.4 66.4 65.6 66.7 62.6 59.0 59.9 59.2 58.4 56.0
58.1
3.9% -1.8%
Other CIS 37.3 38.2 35.8 36.2 35.4 35.2 36.0 38.8 37.0 35.4
36.7
3.9% -0.2%
Total CIS 158.9 159.4 155.7 155.7 152.2 153.8 154.4 160.5 159.1 152.0
163.0
7.5% 0.3%
Iran 122.1 122.0 125.0 129.0 126.6 130.7 134.3 136.8 141.7 143.1
143.5
0.5% 1.6%
Iraq 45.9 48.2 51.5 47.1 44.1 49.1 50.6 59.6 56.6 49.4
51.6
4.7% 1.2%
Israel 130.1 133.8 124.6 119.8 124.4 124.9 125.3 125.3 127.7 118.8
119.6
0.9% -0.8%
Kuwait 458.6 451.8 438.5 425.9 425.8 408.2 405.8 406.3 411.1 378.0
402.5
6.8% -1.3%
Oman 289.8 293.5 304.9 283.8 290.5 274.2 285.2 297.9 295.1 290.1
329.8
14.0% 1.3%
Qatar 690.9 726.3 740.9 760.4 830.9 785.7 741.2 726.5 744.7 658.1
686.2
4.6% -0.1%
Saudi Arabia 323.6 333.6 326.1 342.3 350.3 351.5 339.7 327.5 315.4 303.2
301.3
-0.3% -0.7%
United Arab Emirates 422.8 437.7 454.4 442.8 478.4 492.5 487.7 474.9 465.7 465.1
487.9
5.2% 1.4%
Other Middle East 37.5 35.0 33.4 32.7 30.1 29.3 30.1 28.6 28.6 26.6
26.9
1.5% -3.3%
Total Middle East 137.8 140.4 141.6 143.9 145.4 147.3 147.3 147.2 146.7 140.9
143.0
1.7% 0.4%
Algeria 45.6 48.9 50.7 54.2 56.0 54.8 54.3 57.3 58.1 53.7
55.3
3.2% 1.9%
Egypt 40.0 40.6 39.4 38.1 37.8 39.1 39.8 39.0 37.6 34.6
36.4
5.5% -0.9%
Morocco 22.4 22.5 22.8 22.8 22.9 22.8 23.6 24.1 26.0 23.4
25.6
9.6% 1.3%
South Africa 99.8 96.7 95.6 95.2 91.8 94.7 93.1 88.6 91.4 83.4
82.8
-0.4% -1.9%
Eastern Africa 4.4 4.3 4.6 4.9 5.0 4.7 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.5
4.7
4.8% 0.7%
Middle Africa 5.5 5.8 6.3 6.4 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.5
5.7
4.1% 0.4%
Western Africa 5.5 5.6 5.5 5.5 6.2 6.1 6.4 6.9 6.9 6.9
7.2
5.5% 2.8%
Other Northern Afri ca 51.8 61.5 65.6 64.0 62.8 63.9 62.2 61.9 60.8 54.1
62.8
16.4% 1.9%
Other Southe rn Africa 22.9 25.0 24.7 26.5 26.4 25.3 26.5 25.6 25.2 23.6
23.5
-0.2% 0.2%
Total Africa 15.2 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.3 15.3 14.1
14.6
3.6% -0.4%
Australia 250.2 242.2 241.2 239.3 241.3 238.5 233.8 233.2 237.9 223.3
222.1
-0.3% -1.2%
Bangladesh 6.6 6.9 7.1 7.3 8.4 8.4 8.7 9.1 10.0 9.6
9.9
4.0% 4.2%
China 81.9 84.8 87.5 89.5 90.2 91.3 94.0 97.2 100.3 102.5
109.1
6.8% 2.9%
China Hong Kong SAR 169.1 161.5 164.9 159.9 163.4 166.4 176.9 177.4 166.7 123.8
115.9
-6.2% -3.7%
India 19.1 20.0 20.5 21.6 22.0 22.7 23.4 24.6 25.0 23.3
25.4
9.3% 2.9%
Indonesia 27.6 28.2 26.9 26.9 27.1 27.0 27.9 30.6
32.3 29.6
30.0
1.8% 0.8%
Japan 156.8 155.7 154.7 150.9 149.0 147.3 149.4 149.0 145.9 135.5
140.8
4.2% -1.1%
Malaysia 119.0 128.4 132.5 132.1 132.3 137.3 137.3 137.8 139.6 126.5
127.7
1.2% 0.7%
New Zealand 194.5 194.6 194.8 201.1 198.4 196.1 195.4 190.4 191.6 170.6
164.7
-3.2% -1.7%
Pakistan 14.5 13.2 14.1 14.3 14.7 15.7 16.3 16.5 16.3 15.9
17.1
7.9% 1.7%
Philippines 13.1 13.3 14.0 14.5 15.6 16.8 18.2 18.4 18.7 16.7
17.6
5.7% 3.0%
Singapore 574.2 563.7 566.9 575.9 605.0 621.1 639.1 639.0 620.3 609.5
630.3
3.7% 0.9%
South Korea 230.8 232.3 231.9 232.9 236.0 242.1 244.3 247.7 244.2 233.8
245.1
5.1% 0.6%
Sri Lanka 13.3 13.7 13.8 14.7 16.4 17.8 17.3 17.8 18.3 17.4
17.8
2.8% 2.9%
Taiwan 201.2 199.2 202.8 206.8 206.1 207.0 206.4 209.0 205.1 199.2
210.8
6.1% 0.5%
Thailand 66.8 71.2 71.3 73.2 74.5 75.8 76.9 79.0 78.8 72.6
73.0
0.9% 0.9%
Vi etnam 24.2 25.1 26.2 28.7 32.3 34.6 36.8 40.9 45.0 43.4
44.0
1.8% 6.2%
Other A sia Pacific 610.4 601.2 603.9 615.2 646.5 666.1 687.4 689.3 672.3 661.7
683.1
3.5% 1.1%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 53.0 54.2 55.2 56.2 56.6 57.3 58.7 60.5 61.6 60.4
63.6
5.6% 1.9%
Total World 74.0 74.1 74.5 74.5 74.3 74.5 75.1 76.3 76.1 72.4 75.6 4.8% 0.2%
of which: OECD 181.0 178.2 178.7 176.0 175.4 175.0 175.4 177.3 174.7 161.3
167.9
4.4% -0.7%
Non-OECD 49.9 50.9 51.4 52.1 52.1 52.6 53.3 54.6 55.1 53.5
56.2
5.3% 1.2%
European Union 145.8 144.0 142.4 137.1 138.5 139.8 140.9 141.2 138.8 128.2
135.0
5.6% -0.8%
*
In this Review, primary energy comprises commercially traded fuels, including modern renewables used to generate electricity.
Energy from all sources of non-fossil power generation is accounted for on an input-equiv alent basis. See the appendix or bp.com/statisticalreview for more details on this methodology.
Note: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
12
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
CO
2
Carbon
Carbon dioxide emissions from energy
Million tonnes of carbon dioxide 2011 2012 2 013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 550.2 546.5 560.7 566.4 566.2 547.7 563.7 573.5 571.3 517.3
527.4
2.2% -0.4% 1.6%
Mexico 465.8 474.0 472.8 459.6 463.1 468.8 476.9 468.2 449.3 357.7
373.8
4.8% -2.2% 1.1%
US 5336.2 5089.1 5246.6 5251.7 5137.5 5038.0 4978.8 5132.7 4980.9 4420.6
4701.1
6.6% -1.3% 13.9%
Total N orth America 6352.2 6109.6 6280.2 6277.7 6166.8 6054.5 6019.4 6174.5 6001.6 5295.6
5602.2
6.1% -1.2% 16.5%
Argentina 173.1 181.9 187.8 187.8 191.2 190.1 188.5 185.9 175.5 164.8
181.7
10.5% 0.5% 0.5%
Brazil 424.2 444.5 483.0 505.2 476.6 440.8 446.4 427.6 425.1 390.5
436.6
12.1% 0.3% 1.3%
Chile 87.0 89.4 91.1 88.4 88.9 94.1 92.4 93.0 94.6 84.4
87.0
3.3%
◆
0.3%
Colombia 69.1 77.5 80.5 85.6 86.7 91.4 84.5 86.6 92.7 80.9
86.5
7.3% 2.3% 0.3%
Ecuador 32.8 34.2 36.5 38.4 37.6 35.4 34.3 37.1 35.7 28.7
35.5
24.2% 0.8% 0.1%
Peru 45.0 46.0 46.9 47.8 50.2 54.8 54.0 56.5 58.5 46.4
56.0
21.0% 2.2% 0.2%
Trinidad & Tobago 24.6 24.2 25.5 24.8 24.0 21.9 21.3 20.6 18.3 16.1
16.0
-0.4% -4.2%
◆
Venezuela 167.3 177.9 183.4 173.3 172.2 149.3 146.3 121.1 100.1 82.8
89.2
8.0% -6.1% 0.3%
Central America 58.3 59.4 60.3 62.3 68.4 71.2 70.6 67.8 74.9 63.5
72.5
14.5% 2.2% 0.2%
Other Caribbean 110.2 107.4 104.8 103.9 107.1 110.7 107.0 110.2 113.9 100.2
112.3
12.4% 0.2% 0.3%
Other South America 33.5 34.0 34.7 35.0 35.5 37.4 38.1 39.5 39.4 36.2
39.8
10.3% 1.7% 0.1%
Total S. & Cent. America 1225.1 1276.4 1334.6 1352.6 1338.4 1297.1 1283.4 1246.0 1228.5 1094.6
1213.1
11.1% -0.1% 3.6%
Austria 64.7 62.2 62.9 58.6 60.7 61.6 64.4 62.1 63.6 56.0
58.4
4.5% -1.0% 0.2%
Belgium 120.6 116.3 117.3 109.0 115.2 116.9 118.8 125.4 121.7 105.5
114.7
9.0% -0.5% 0.3%
Bulgaria 50.5 45.8 40.7 43.1 45.8 43.0 45.7 42.5 41.3 35.9
41.7
16.7% -1.9% 0.1%
Croatia 18.2 16.6 16.1 15.8 16.2 16.7 17.1 16.3 16.3 14.8
15.7
6.4% -1.4%
◆
Cyprus 8.7 8.1 7.3 7.3 7.5 8.1 8.3 8.2 8.2 7.0
7.2
3.9% -1.8%
◆
Czech Republic 113.1 109.3 105.0 102.0 102.8 104.8 102.9 101.9 98.2 87.9
92.4
5.4% -2.0% 0.3%
Denmark 46.3 40.9 43.4 40.0 36.7 37.9 35.3 35.6 32.5 26.8
28.1
5.0% -4.9% 0.1%
Estonia 23.5 22.8 24.5 23.5 21.4 22.1 24.6 24.1 18.3 15.9
18.0
13.6% -2.6% 0.1%
Finland 57.1 51.0 52.0 47.7 44.9 47.7 45.0 46.5 43.1 36.7
37.2
1.5% -4.2% 0.1%
France 334.1 335.6 334.9 301.5 307.5 313.1 317.8
306.7 299.3 251.6
273.6
9.0% -2.0% 0.8%
Germany 763.7 773.0 797.6 751.1 755.6 770.5 760.9 733.1 680.1 600.8
628.9
5.0% -1.9% 1.9%
Greece 94.5 88.2 79.1 75.6 73.2 69.8 54.5 72.7 68.6 56.0
56.5
1.2% -5.0% 0.2%
Hungary 48.7 44.6 42.0 41.3 43.8 44.7 46.9 47.3 47.1 44.6
45.7
2.8% -0.6% 0.1%
Iceland 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.8 3.1 3.3 2.8 1.8
1.8
2.2% -3.0%
◆
Ireland 38.9 38.8 37.4 37.1 38.9 40.5 39.3 39.1 37.5 33.0
34.8
5.6% -1.1% 0.1%
Italy 388.5 371.0 341.4 318.8 334.4 331.4 335.5 336.1 328.6 283.8
311.2
9.9% -2.2% 0.9%
Latvia 8.3 8.0 8.0 7.7 7.8 8.2 8.0 7.8 8.4 7.1
7.4
4.2% -1.2%
◆
Lithuania 12.4 12.4 11.7 11.0 11.3 11.7 11.9 12.5 12.3 11.8
12.1
3.5% -0.2%
◆
Luxembourg 11.7 11.4 10.9 10.5 10.1 10.0 10.3 10.8 10.9 9.0
9.3
3.6% -2.3%
◆
Netherlands 219.4 212.2 208.2 197.6 206.7 209.8 202.7 198.8 194.8 174.6
178.2
2.3% -2.1% 0.5%
North Macedonia 9.3 8.9 7.9 7.5 7.2 7.1 7.5 7.1 8.1 6.6
6.9
3.7% -3.0%
◆
Norway 37.1 36.8 37.0 36.1 36.0 35.1 35.1 35.3 34.3 32.9
33.4
1.5% -1.1% 0.1%
Poland 324.0 308.1 310.4 293.3 293.3 306.0 315.4 320.1 302.0 284.2
309.1
9.1% -0.5% 0.9%
Portugal 51.4 50.7 49.3 49.6 53.1 52.4 57.3 54.3 50.3 40.7
39.7
-2.2% -2.6% 0.1%
Romania 85.1 81.7 69.8 71.1 71.9 69.5 72.9 73.4 71.7 64.6
70.3
9.2% -1.9% 0.2%
Slovakia 33.9 32.4 32.5 30.0 30.3 30.7 32.8 32.3 30.0 27.8
31.7
14.4% -0.7% 0.1%
Slove nia 15.2 14.7 14.1 12.6 12.7 13.6 13.9 13.9 13.3 11.9
11.6
-1.8% -2.7%
◆
Spain 308.5 306.3 274.5 271.9 287.9 280.6 298.3 293.0 276.2 223.6
245.7
10.2% -2.3% 0.7%
Sweden 52.0 49.1 48.1 46.1 46.4 46.5 45.5 44.7 47.3 43.1
40.1
-6.8% -2.6% 0.1%
Switzerland 40.1 41.4 43.6 38.7 39.5 38.0 38.8 37.2 38.1 32.7
33.4
2.4% -1.8% 0.1%
Turkey 298.8 314.4 303.3 335.1 340.6 359.0 397.1 390.8 386.7 373.9
403.3
8.1% 3.0% 1.2%
Ukraine 303.2 299.1 286.5 246.8 195.1 215.6 187.9 198.7 185.5 172.9
167.9
-2.7% -5.7% 0.5%
United Kingdom 494.0 510.2 498.0 456.1 437.8 413.6 401.3 393.5 377.5 316.9
337.7
6.8% -3.7% 1.0%
Other Europe 121.0 112.8 113.0 102.3 111.6 116.8 120.5 119.3 119.3 115.6
89.9
-22.0% -2.9% 0.3%
Total Europe 4599.1 4537.5 4431.0 4199.1 4207.0 4255.7 4277.5 4244.4 4073.7 3608.3
3793.7
5.4% -1.9% 11.2%
Azerbaijan 28.6 29.6 30.3 31.0 33.6 33.1 32.0 33.5 34.4 33.7
35.3
5.2% 2.2% 0.1%
Belarus 59.3 60.8
60.2 59.2 54.9 55.0 55.7 60.6 60.9 56.1
57.2
2.2% -0.4% 0.2%
Kazakhstan 202.0 212.0 211.9 214.7 202.2 204.0 214.2 238.5 235.0 221.2
219.4
-0.5% 0.8% 0.6%
Russian Federation 1558.8 1572.4 1538.8 1539.8 1507.0 1520.5 1507.8 1564.7 1548.8 1456.2
1581.3
8.9% 0.1% 4.7%
Turkmenistan 59.9 65.2 58.3 60.5 71.5 70.9 70.2 77.6 84.1 79.2
94.3
19.3% 4.6% 0.3%
Uzbekistan 113.4 109.8 111.1 114.4 108.8 104.1 106.9 109.7 109.5 108.3
112.3
4.0% -0.1% 0.3%
Other CIS 24.6 26.6 25.5 27.4 28.6 29.1 29.4 33.2 31.2 29.9
32.7
9.8% 2.9% 0.1%
Total CIS 2046.5 2076.3 2036.0 2047.0 2006.6 2016.7 2016.2 2117.7 2103.9 1984.5
2132.5
7.7% 0.4% 6.3%
Iran 517.0 522.7 545.2 557.2 551.0 569.8 581.1 606.1 628.1 645.4
660.5
2.6% 2.5% 1.9%
Iraq 94.2 103.5 115.2 110.8 107.0 122.0 129.0 156.2 145.4 130.0
141.0
8.7% 4.1% 0.4%
Israel 68.6 74.2 66.9 64.1 66.8 66.1 66.8 67.0 69.2 63.0
63.3
0.7% -0.8% 0.2%
Kuwait 88.9 92.2 94.6 96.3 99.6 97.8 99.8 101.9 103.7 95.9
103.1
7.9% 1.5% 0.3%
Oman 52.2 57.6 65.7 65.2 68.7 69.1 74.3 76.2 76.1 73.1
82.1
12.6% 4.6% 0.2%
Qatar 74.2 89.2 99.6 109.6 123.3 123.1 115.7 119.0 124.8 107.6
115.3
7.4% 4.5% 0.3%
Saudi Arabia 499.8 525.0 534.1 573.3 591.2 618.5 608.1 604.5 582.2 569.2
575.3
1.4% 1.4% 1.7%
United Arab Emirates 220.8 231.9 247.1 242.9 265.2 275.9 277.7 272.2 270.3 247.4
260.1
5.4% 1.7% 0.8%
Other Middle East 148.8 141.2 135.4 135.0 124.5 120.8 125.9 121.2 121.3 112.3
116.6
4.1% -2.4% 0.3%
Total Middle East 1764.5 1837.3 1903.9 1954.4 1997.3 2063.1 2078.5 2124.2 2121.1 2044.0
2117.2
3.9% 1.8% 6.2%
Algeria 100.6 108.9 115.4 123.6 129.0 127.7 130.7 137.7 142.5 133.3
139.7
5.1% 3.3% 0.4%
Egypt 192.5 199.6 201.3 200.0 203.0 215.4 220.3 217.7 223.8 203.3
219.6
8.4% 1.3% 0.6%
Morocco 52.9 53.9 54.3 56.5 56.7 57.1 60.1 61.7 67.8 62.1
68.9
11.4% 2.7% 0.2%
South Africa 466.3 462.1 462.8 467.2 455.1 473.9 469.9 451.7 473.7 437.2
438.9
0.7% -0.6% 1.3%
Eastern Africa 80.2 81.0 89.9 100.7 104.7 103.3 111.9 117.5 115.1 102.9
110.5
7.6% 3.3% 0.3%
Middle Africa 39.3 43.3 48.7 51.1 50.7 50.0 47.5 47.9 48.4 45.6
49.7
9.3% 2.4% 0.1%
Western Africa 103.5 107.4 109.2 110.9 126.5 130.4 139.5 156.7 159.8 161.6
174.8
8.5% 5.4% 0.5%
Other Northern Afri ca 57.4 70.9 75.7 75.3 71.7 70.6 70.4 71.2 71.5 63.5
75.0
18.4% 2.7% 0.2%
Other Southe rn Africa 10.9 12.3 12.5 13.7 13.8 13.6 14.5 14.4 14.4 13.2
13.7
4.3% 2.3%
◆
Total Africa 1103.6 1139.3 1169.8 1198.9 1211.1 1242.0 1264.7 1276.4 1317.1 1222.6
1290.7
5.9% 1.6% 3.8%
Australia 406.8 398.1 395.0 398.5 407.2 405.6 403.7 401.5 406.6 378.2
369.4
-2.1% -1.0% 1.1%
Bangladesh 56.5 60.4 62.7 65.4 78.0 79.2 83.2 89.2 99.1 96.8
100.9
4.5% 6.0% 0.3%
China 8793.5 8978.7 9219.1 9256.7 9226.2 9234.4 9444.9 9676.0 9868.5 9974.3
10523.0
5.8% 1.8% 31.1%
China Hong Kong SAR 92.0 88.7 91.5 89.7 90.5 92.7 98.9 100.1 94.6 68.1
64.6
-5.0% -3.5% 0.2%
India 1728.4 1861.4 1934.0 2090.7 2146.5 2241.5 2320.2 2442.6 2465.8 2281.2
2552.8
12.2% 4.0% 7.5%
Indonesia 470.6 489.5 460.6 469.0 489.0 487.8 514.6 565.6 613.2 560.8
572.5
2.4% 2.0% 1.7%
Japan 1207.5 1293.8 1282.2 1248.7 1209.1 1189.3 1182.7 1161.5 1121.7 1029.5
1053.7
2.6% -1.4% 3.1%
Malaysia 209.8 227.7 234.1 243.1 247.1 252.6 241.2 251.1 256.9 240.6
238.6
-0.6% 1.3% 0.7%
New Zealand 34.4 36.0 35.6 35.6 36.2 35.5 37.6 37.4 38.5 33.4
32.7
-1.8% -0.5% 0.1%
Pakistan 145.2 144.6 145.3 151.7 160.3 176.5 188.7 196.9 207.1 206.3
226.4
10.0% 4.5% 0.7%
Philippines 80.7 83.1 91.9 97.3 106.2 116.4 128.9 133.7 140.7 127.2
136.8
7.8% 5.4% 0.4%
Singapore 192.7 192.0 191.4 191.0 202.8 217.0 228.9 225.2 217.3 211.6
215.7
2.2% 1.1% 0.6%
South Korea 613.7 612.6 620.0 615.0 622.8 633.2 641.8 659.1 635.3 588.8
603.8
2.8% -0.2% 1.8%
Sri Lanka 16.4 18.2 15.9 19.6 21.6 24.7 24.4 23.4 25.3 23.8
22.8
-3.9% 3.4% 0.1%
Taiwan 273.0 266.8 268.4 275.3 275.5 280.8 286.7 284.7 279.1 264.6
279.2
5.8% 0.2% 0.8%
Thailand 249.3 266.7 265.8 273.7 281.1 286.8 287.5 293.2 288.4 270.0
269.4
◆
0.8% 0.8%
Vi etnam 132.1 129.7 134.5 151.0 184.2 198.7 200.4 241.9 292.6 276.3
272.7
-1.0% 7.5% 0.8%
Other A sia Pacific 431.5 443.3 422.2 447.7 476.1 519.6 597.9 613.1 641.0 630.4
638.0
1.5% 4.0% 1.9%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 14813.5 15264.7 15555.4 15790.4 15910.2 16091.5 16486.7 16965.4 17249.9 16829.0
17734.6
5.7% 1.8% 52.3%
Total World 31904.6 32241.1 32710.9 32820.2 32837.4 33020.6 33426.4 34148.5 34095.8 32078.5 33884.1 5.9% 0.6% 100.0%
of which: OECD 12842.4 12655.7 12741.3 12518.7 12436.2 12348.5 12346.5 12459.4 12083.5 10744.7
11292.5
5.4% -1.3% 33.3%
Non-OECD 19062.2 19585.4 19969.6 20301.4 20401.2 20672.1 21079.9 21689.2 22012.3 21333.9
22591.5
6.2% 1.7% 66.7%
European Union 3300.8 3218.7 3146.0 2980.8 3043.7 3075.7 3095.7 3069.0 2931.5 2564.2
2728.2
6.7% -1.9% 8.1%
Source: statistics are taken from national statistical agencies, international organizations, and other proprietary sources.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: The carbon emissions above reflect only those through consumption of oil, gas and coal for combustion related activities, and are based on ‘Default CO
2
Emissions Factors for
Combustion’ listed by the IPCC in its Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (2006). This does not allow for any carbon that is sequestered, for other sources of carbon emissions,
or for emissions of other greenhouse gases. Our data is therefore not comparable to official national emissions data.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
13
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Natural gas: Flaring
Billion cubic metres 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 1.6 1.8 1.6 2.1 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.2
1.3
1.0% -2.6% 0.8%
Mexico 3.5 1.4 5.1 5.7 6.0 5.8 4.5 4.5 5.3 6.7
7.8
17.4% 8.3% 5.1%
US 5.8 5.8 9.3 11.4 12.0 9.0 9.6 14.1 17.3 12.4
9.7
-21.5% 5.3% 6.3%
Total N orth America 10.9 8.9 16.0 19.2 19.9 16.2 15.6 20.1 23.7 20.3
18.8
-7.3% 5.5% 12.3%
Argentina 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1
1.3
17.1% 4.9% 0.9%
Bolivia 0.3 0.2 † † 0.1 † † † † 0.1
†
-18.7% -15.6%
◆
Brazil 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.1
1.1
-4.7% -4.4% 0.7%
Colombia 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4
0.3
-13.7% -6.7% 0.2%
Peru 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1
-9.5% -2.0% 0.1%
Trinidad & Tobago 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2
0.2
-21.1% -13.9% 0.1%
Venezuela 9.1 11.0 9.8 10.5 9.9 10.2 8.0 9.3 10.5 9.4
9.2
-1.7% 0.1% 6.0%
Other S. & Cent. America 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.5
1.6
4.7% 10.1% 1.0%
Total S. & Cent. America 14.0 15.7 14.5 15.8 14.9 14.9 12.1 13.2 15.0 14.0
13.8
-0.5% -0.1% 9.1%
Denmark 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1
-6.7% -3.8%
◆
Germany – – † † † † † † † †
†
30.2% –
◆
Italy – – † 0.1 † 0.1 † † † †
†
6.3% –
◆
Netherlands – – † † † † † † † †
†
10.6% –
◆
Norway 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1
0.2
22.4% -11.8% 0.1%
Poland – – † † † 0.1 † 0.1 † 0.1
0.1
39.3% – 0.1%
Romania – – † 0.1 † † † † † †
†
62.5% –
◆
Ukraine – – 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1
0.1
32.5% – 0.1%
United Kingdom 0.6 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1
0.9
-19.0% 3.8% 0.6%
Other Europe – – 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4
0.4
4.6% – 0.3%
Total Europe 1.3 1.9 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0
1.9
-4.5% 3.4% 1.2%
Azerbaijan 1.1 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2
0.2
7.0% -16.9% 0.1%
Kazakhstan 2.4 2.5 3.7 3.8 3.6 2.6 2.4
2.0 1.5 1.5
1.5
2.0% -4.9% 1.0%
Russian Federation 17.5 17.8 20.9 19.5 21.1 23.9 21.0 21.2 23.8 25.1
26.4
5.6% 4.2% 17.3%
Turkmenistan 0.5 0.7 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.7
1.2
-28.7% 9.2% 0.8%
Uzbekistan – 0.8 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5
0.5
-14.5% – 0.3%
Other CIS – – 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1
24.9% –
◆
Total CIS 21.5 22.5 28.8 27.0 27.8 29.6 26.1 25.8 27.7 28.9
29.8
3.1% 3.3% 19.5%
Bahrain – – 0.1 † † 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3
0.1
-42.2% – 0.1%
Iran 16.2 17.1 12.0 13.1 12.7 17.0 18.5 18.1 14.6 14.2
18.5
30.7% 1.3% 12.1%
Iraq 9.4 11.7 13.3 13.8 15.8 17.5 17.5 17.6 17.7 17.2
17.7
3.5% 6.6% 11.6%
Kuwait 0.2 0.2 1.5 1.6 1.0 1.3 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.9
1.0
17.4% 17.1% 0.7%
Oman 0.9 1.3 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5
2.6
3.1% 11.1% 1.7%
Qatar 0.5 0.7 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.3
1.4
5.8% 9.6% 0.9%
Saudi Arabia – – 2.7 2.5 2.7 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.6 2.8
2.8
-1.6% – 1.8%
Syria 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.2 0.7 1.0 1.0
1.1
6.2% 16.3% 0.7%
United Arab Emirates 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.1
1.0
-7.5% 0.3% 0.6%
Yemen 0.2 0.3 1.1 1.2 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.9
0.9
8.1% 14.2% 0.6%
Other Middle East † † † † † † † † † †
†
-43.7% -19.3%
◆
Total Middle East 28.7 32.4 36.5 37.7 38.4 45.0 46.5 45.9 42.8 42.0
47.0
12.3% 5.1% 30.8%
Algeria 3.5 3.4 8.8 9.2 9.6 9.7 9.2 9.4 9.7 9.3
8.1
-12.6% 8.7% 5.3%
Egypt 0.6 0.4 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.5
2.3
-8.2% 14.8% 1.5%
Libya 1.3 3.8 4.1 2.9 2.7 2.4 4.0 4.7 5.1 2.5
5.9
138.8% 16.7% 3.9%
Nigeria 13.9 12.9 9.2 8.3 7.5 7.2 7.5 7.3 7.8 7.0
6.5
-7.5% -7.4% 4.2%
Other Africa 13.0 12.1 9.3 9.7 10.4 10.4 9.4 8.5 8.2 7.8
7.4
-5.1% -5.5% 4.9%
Total Africa 32.3 32.5 34.1 33.0 33.2 32.8 32.6 32.3 33.3 29.2
30.3
4.0% -0.6% 19.8%
Australia 0.1 0.1 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.4 1.0
0.8
-16.5% 18.7% 0.5%
Bangladesh – – † † † † † † † †
†
25.3% –
◆
Brunei 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2
0.2
0.3 † †
China 1.9 1.9
2.4 2.5 2.5 2.3 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.9
2.7
-6.5% 3.7% 1.8%
India 0.9 1.0 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.4 2.0 1.8 1.8 2.0
1.9
-7.8% 7.3% 1.2%
Indonesia 4.9 6.4 3.3 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.4 2.1 2.1 2.0
1.7
-13.0% -9.9% 1.1%
Malaysia 1.3 1.3 3.1 3.6 3.9 3.4 3.1 2.5 2.7 2.7
2.1
-19.8% 5.4% 1.4%
Myanmar 0.1 – 0.1 0.1 0.1 † † † † †
†
-20.3% -17.2%
◆
Pakistan – 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3
0.3
-6.8% – 0.2%
Thailand – – 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4
0.4
2.0% – 0.2%
Vi etnam 0.5 0.6 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7
0.6
-15.3% 0.6% 0.4%
Other A sia Pacific 1.0 0.9 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.4 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6
0.8
23.1% -2.9% 0.5%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 10.5 12.0 14.8 15.8 16.1 14.6 12.5 11.5 12.3 12.4
11.1
-10.4% 0.6% 7.3%
Total World 119.2 125.9 147.5 151.3 153.0 156.0 147.6 151.0 156.9 148.8 152.7 2.9% 2.5% 100.0%
of which: OECD 13.3 11.9 20.3 23.8 24.4 20.3 19.1 23.7 27.7 23.6
21.8
-7.6% 5.0% 14.3%
Non-OECD 105.8 114.0 127.2 127.5 128.6 135.8 128.5 127.4 129.2 125.2
130.9
4.9% 2.1% 85.7%
European Union 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6
0.6
7.9% 22.6% 0.4%
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using billion cubic metres figures. Data from 2013 onward: Made utilizing VIIRS Nightfire (VNF) nightly data produced by the Earth
Observation Group, Payne Institute for Public Policy, Colorado School of Mines. These data include flaring from upstream, downstream oil and gas. Data before 2013: Cedigaz. These data
include flaring from upstream. As far as possible, the calculation has used flared volumes based on standard cubic metres (measured at 15ºC and 1013 mbar); as they are derived directly from
measures of energy content using an average conversion factor and have been standardized using a Gross Calorific Value (GCV) of 40 MJ/m
3
, they do not necessarily equate with gas volumes
expressed in the original databases.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
14
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Carbon dioxide equivalent emissions from energy, process emissions, methane, and flaring
Million tonnes of carbon dioxide
equivalent 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 602.9 600.5 616.1 625.7 626.2 609.1 629.4 642.1 639.3 582.2
595.4
2.5% -0.1% 1.5%
Mexico 534.0 539.5 544.6 532.4 534.2 536.3 538.3 532.1 511.5 424.7
444.0
4.8% -1.8% 1.1%
US 5688.3 5458.7 5633.0 5670.5 5561.8 5435.8 5394.0 5593.6 5489.6 4883.7
5167.9
6.1% -1.0% 13.3%
Total N orth America 6825.2 6598.7 6793.7 6828.6 6722.2 6581.2 6561.7 6767.8 6640.4 5890.6
6207.2
5.7% -0.9% 15.9%
Argentina 201.5 210.7 216.4 216.4 220.1 218.3 216.6 215.5 207.0 193.8
212.8
10.1% 0.5% 0.5%
Brazil 474.8 497.5 538.4 563.9 534.5 496.4 501.1 480.9 481.0 448.6
495.8
10.8% 0.4% 1.3%
Chile 88.6 90.9 92.6 89.8 90.4 95.7 93.7 94.3 95.9 85.7
88.2
3.2%
◆
0.2%
Colombia 89.4 99.2 102.8 108.2 109.4 112.4 105.1 107.2 114.4 98.7
105.4
7.1% 1.7% 0.3%
Ecuador 43.0 44.3 47.7 50.5 49.2 47.2 45.6 47.9 46.9 39.1
46.3
18.7% 0.7% 0.1%
Peru 51.6 53.2 54.7 56.4 58.5 62.9 61.6 64.1 66.3 53.9
63.3
17.9% 2.1% 0.2%
Trinidad & Tobago 34.2 33.6 34.4 33.5 32.0 28.9 28.3 27.7 25.8 22.2
21.2
-4.1% -4.7% 0.1%
Venezuela 332.1 356.5 361.7 350.9 342.8 310.4 284.2 242.7 204.6 162.7
171.1
5.5% -6.4% 0.4%
Central America 62.4 63.8 64.7 66.8 73.0 75.6 75.2 72.4 79.3 67.9
76.9
13.6% 2.1% 0.2%
Other Caribbean 113.8 111.0 108.7 108.1 111.3 114.7 110.8 114.1 117.7 104.1
116.1
11.9% 0.2% 0.3%
Other South America 41.4 42.6 43.7 44.6 45.2 47.0 47.5 48.5 47.8 44.6
48.4
8.8% 1.6% 0.1%
Total S. & Cent. America 1532.8 1603.4 1666.1 1689.2 1666.3 1609.4 1569.8 1515.3 1486.9 1321.2
1445.6
9.7% -0.6% 3.7%
Austria 66.5 64.1 64.7 60.4 62.5 63.5 66.3 64.0 65.5 57.9
60.3
4.4% -1.0% 0.2%
Belgium 123.4 118.9 120.0 111.7 117.7 119.4 121.1 128.0 124.6 108.2
117.5
8.8% -0.5% 0.3%
Bulgaria 65.1 59.4 52.3 56.1 60.4 56.2 59.8 54.8 53.2 45.3
53.2
17.7% -2.0% 0.1%
Croatia 20.5 18.6 18.2 17.9 18.3 18.7 19.2 18.3 18.1 16.6
17.4
5.4% -1.6%
◆
Czech Republic 114.8 110.9 106.3 103.5 104.4 106.5 104.7 103.8 100.2 89.9
94.3
5.2% -1.9% 0.2%
Denmark 48.9 43.3 45.7 42.3 39.0 40.3 37.8 37.9 34.5 28.7
29.9
4.5% -4.8% 0.1%
Estonia 23.9 23.3 24.9 24.0 21.6 22.3 25.0 24.5 18.7 16.0
18.1
13.5% -2.8%
◆
France 343.8 344.7 344.1 310.0 315.7 321.5 326.0 315.0 307.8 259.3
281.3
8.8% -2.0% 0.7%
Germany 781.9 790.9 814.9 768.1 772.3 787.4 778.8 750.6 697.6 618.1
646.7
4.9% -1.9% 1.7%
Greece 96.9 91.3 82.8 79.4 76.8 73.6
58.2 76.1 71.9 59.0
59.5
1.1% -4.8% 0.2%
Hungary 49.5 45.5 42.7 42.1 44.7 45.6 47.9 48.6 48.6 46.0
47.1
2.7% -0.5% 0.1%
Ireland 39.9 40.0 38.5 38.5 40.5 42.5 41.5 41.3 39.6 35.0
36.7
5.1% -0.8% 0.1%
Italy 406.2 386.0 355.0 331.5 347.1 343.6 347.8 348.4 341.0 295.3
322.1
9.4% -2.3% 0.8%
Lithuania 12.7 12.8 12.1 11.4 11.8 12.1 12.3 13.0 12.9 12.3
12.7
3.3%
◆ ◆
Netherlands 220.1 212.8 208.9 198.2 207.3 210.3 203.2 199.2 195.1 174.8
178.4
2.3% -2.1% 0.5%
North Macedonia 12.7 11.9 10.7 10.3 9.7 9.4 9.8 18.6 10.5 8.9
8.8
-0.3% -3.6%
◆
Norway 39.8 39.6 39.3 38.2 38.1 37.3 37.1 37.1 36.0 34.7
35.2
1.6% -1.2% 0.1%
Poland 332.8 315.9 317.8 301.3 301.2 314.3 324.0 329.4 311.3 293.6
318.4
8.8% -0.4% 0.8%
Romania 90.8 87.4 75.1 76.7 77.8 75.1 78.7 79.3 77.8 70.7
76.5
8.5% -1.7% 0.2%
Slovakia 35.2 33.5 33.7 31.3 31.6 32.0 34.2 33.6 31.4 29.3
33.2
13.7% -0.6% 0.1%
Slove nia 15.6 15.0 14.5 13.1 13.1 14.0 14.3 14.4 13.8 12.4
12.1
-1.7% -2.5%
◆
Spain 318.1 315.0 282.5 281.2 297.3 290.2 307.8 302.9 285.4 231.9
254.5
10.0% -2.2% 0.7%
Sweden 53.5 50.7 49.6 47.6 48.0 48.2 47.0 46.3 48.7 44.5
41.4
-6.6% -2.5% 0.1%
Turkey 330.4 345.9 337.4 369.8 375.2 396.7 436.8 430.5 419.4 415.0
447.9
8.2% 3.1% 1.1%
Ukraine 317.0 311.8 299.7 259.0 206.3 227.1 199.0 210.4 197.2 184.5
179.7
-2.3% -5.5% 0.5%
United Kingdom 506.0 522.2 510.4 468.5 450.8 427.2 414.6 406.7 390.6 329.1
348.4
6.2% -3.7% 0.9%
Other Europe 334.9 318.8 320.7 297.0 310.7 317.9 325.8 320.0 315.5 285.1
259.0
-8.9% -2.5% 0.7%
Total Europe 4800.6 4730.3 4622.4 4389.0 4400.1 4453.1 4478.9 4452.8 4267.0 3802.0
3990.2
5.2% -1.8% 10.2%
Azerbaijan 40.0 40.3 40.9 41.3 43.3 42.6 41.2 43.2 44.5 43.2
45.7
5.9% 1.3% 0.1%
Belarus 62.8 64.6 64.1 63.1 58.2 58.4 59.3 64.6 65.1 59.6
60.7
2.1% -0.3% 0.2%
Kazakhstan 253.8 264.5 268.9 270.8 255.3 254.5 268.3 294.2 286.5 273.8
272.1
-0.4% 0.7% 0.7%
Russian Federation 2067.6 2076.4 2050.5 2043.6 2015.7 2046.1 2043.8 2127.5 2130.9 2010.6
2172.1
8.3% 0.5% 5.6%
Turkmenistan 122.1 131.5 133.2 133.8 146.4 143.6 142.4 152.1 160.4 154.2
180.2
17.2% 4.0% 0.5%
Uzbekistan 141.3 138.0 139.5 140.4 134.3 130.2 132.9 139.1 139.5 137.3
142.9
4.4% 0.1% 0.4%
Other CIS 26.3 28.6 27.8 30.4 31.7 32.2 33.7 38.4 36.8 35.5
38.5
8.8% 3.9% 0.1%
Total CIS 2713.9 2743.9 2724.9 2723.4 2685.0 2707.5 2721.7 2859.1 2863.8 2714.2
2912.2
7.6% 0.7% 7.5%
Iran 723.8
722.8 731.4 755.5 749.9 802.5 828.6 852.5 842.4 856.9
892.7
4.5% 2.1% 2.3%
Iraq 184.6 207.6 226.4 227.1 242.1 273.6 282.3 312.2 304.6 276.9
289.7
4.9% 4.6% 0.7%
Israel 71.3 76.7 69.5 66.9 69.6 68.7 69.4 69.4 71.3 65.1
65.5
0.9% -0.8% 0.2%
Kuwait 110.2 114.8 120.9 122.4 124.7 125.3 124.7 127.2 128.7 119.2
126.8
6.7% 1.4% 0.3%
Oman 69.8 77.2 88.2 87.9 91.6 93.8 98.0 101.2 101.1 97.6
107.8
10.8% 4.4% 0.3%
Qatar 95.2 111.9 125.1 134.5 147.9 147.8 140.0 143.0 149.4 131.3
139.2
6.3% 3.9% 0.4%
Saudi Arabia 591.3 620.7 637.2 678.0 698.4 729.8 711.4 711.1 685.1 670.4
679.4
1.6% 1.4% 1.7%
United Arab Emirates 251.8 263.5 280.7 277.1 301.3 311.2 312.0 306.1 305.2 280.6
293.2
4.8% 1.5% 0.8%
Other Middle East 200.3 180.9 174.0 169.8 149.0 141.7 150.7 144.3 146.9 138.3
143.1
3.8% -3.3% 0.4%
Total Middle East 2298.2 2376.2 2453.5 2519.0 2574.5 2694.3 2717.2 2766.9 2734.5 2636.1
2737.5
4.1% 1.8% 7.0%
Algeria 178.8 190.2 206.7 219.1 225.7 229.0 232.9 242.6 244.2 231.9
245.2
6.0% 3.2% 0.6%
Egypt 236.7 245.2 249.4 249.8 252.7 266.8 270.8 269.0 274.6 251.1
267.1
6.7% 1.2% 0.7%
Morocco 58.2 59.9 60.5 61.8 62.1 62.4 65.6 67.4 72.9 67.2
74.0
10.5% 2.4% 0.2%
South Africa 501.3 497.8 499.1 504.0 491.9 510.7 506.8 488.2 510.3 472.6
472.9
0.4% -0.6% 1.2%
Eastern Africa 95.7 95.6 108.2 121.8 126.7 125.0 134.1 140.8 139.6 127.0
133.8
5.6% 3.4% 0.3%
Middle Africa 104.6 106.1 102.1 108.5 112.0 110.8 105.0 103.3 103.4 97.2
96.9
-0.1% -0.8% 0.2%
Western Africa 188.4 189.8 184.0 182.9 196.5 197.2 207.6 226.3 234.0 231.8
240.5
4.0% 2.5% 0.6%
Other Northern Afri ca 93.9 152.7 139.8 122.2 116.3 113.7 133.4 143.1 148.5 102.4
160.6
57.2% 5.5% 0.4%
Other Southe rn Africa 11.0 12.5 12.7 14.0 14.1 13.9 14.9 14.9 14.9 13.7
14.2
4.2% 2.6%
◆
Total Africa 1468.7 1549.8 1562.6 1584.2 1598.1 1629.6 1671.3 1695.4 1742.6 1594.8
1705.1
7.2% 1.5% 4.4%
Australia 453.7 446.5 447.7 455.3 466.3 463.7 463.5 461.5 471.3 441.7
433.4
-1.6% -0.5% 1.1%
Bangladesh 64.7 69.0 72.0 74.9 88.7 90.6 94.8 100.4 110.6 108.5
112.8
4.3% 5.7% 0.3%
China 10083.2 10273.7 10569.4 10645.6 10547.9 10531.6 10767.0 11056.4 11311.1 11461.2
12039.8
5.3% 1.8% 30.9%
China Hong Kong SAR 92.6 89.3 92.2 90.4 91.3 93.4 99.5 100.8 95.2 68.7
65.2
-4.9% -3.4% 0.2%
India 1900.8 2044.2 2126.6 2294.9 2355.2 2456.7 2529.3 2673.0 2702.3 2494.3
2797.2
12.5% 3.9% 7.2%
Indonesia 596.3 623.0 591.3 598.8 612.0 616.6 645.2 703.4 756.1 694.3
713.1
3.0% 1.8% 1.8%
Japan 1237.3 1324.5 1314.1 1280.4 1239.9 1220.2 1214.1 1192.4 1151.4 1058.3
1081.7
2.5% -1.3% 2.8%
Malaysia 230.1 248.8 260.7 271.8 275.7 284.4 270.9 279.0 284.2 269.5
266.7
-0.7% 1.5% 0.7%
New Zealand 36.5 38.1 37.5 37.6 38.3 37.2 39.3 38.9 40.0 34.8
33.9
-2.1% -0.7% 0.1%
Pakistan 168.4 168.7 171.3 177.6 186.1 203.2 215.0 224.7 234.9 235.4
258.4
10.0% 4.4% 0.7%
Philippines 88.3 91.9 100.7 106.8 116.7 127.3 140.0 145.8 153.5 139.9
149.5
7.1% 5.4% 0.4%
South Korea 640.6 639.8 647.4 642.6 650.6 662.0 670.4 686.2 662.7 614.2
628.7
2.6% -0.2% 1.6%
Taiwan 281.5 274.9 276.6 282.5 282.0 286.3 292.2 290.2 284.7 270.4
285.3
5.8% 0.1% 0.7%
Thailand 278.0 297.5 298.2 307.0 314.3 322.9 322.4 328.0 323.3 303.6
301.8
-0.3% 0.8% 0.8%
Vi etnam 174.4 172.0 179.7 198.6 233.6 249.4 256.8 305.2 359.7 343.0
339.8
-0.7% 6.9% 0.9%
Other A sia Pacific 337.2 343.4 333.1 349.0 372.1 406.5 453.6 460.8 476.5 466.8
471.5
1.3% 3.4% 1.2%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 16663.6 17145.1 17518.5 17813.6 17870.6 18052.0 18474.0 19046.8 19417.6 19004.7
19978.7
5.4% 1.8% 51.3%
Total World 36303.0 36747.3 37341.6 37547.0 37516.8 37727.1 38194.6 39104.0 39152.8 36963.7 38976.6 5.7% 0.7% 100.0%
of which: OECD 13579.4 13407.6 13523.7 13344.7 13267.8 13154.3 13172.1 13334.5 13001.2 11613.6
12174.0
5.1% -1.1% 31.2%
Non-OECD 22723.6 23339.7 23817.9 24202.4 24249.0 24572.8 25022.5 25769.5 26151.6 25350.1
26802.6
6.0% 1.7% 68.8%
European Union 3409.5 3321.2 3243.7 3081.6 3145.3 3176.2 3199.2 3171.5 3033.4 2659.5
2825.5
6.5% -1.9% 7.2%
Source: statistics are taken from national statistical agencies, international organizations, and other proprietary sources.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: The emissions above are the sum of carbon dioxide emissions from energy, carbon dioxide emissions from flaring, methane emissions in carbon dioxide equivalent and carbon dioxide
emissions from industrial processes.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
15
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Oil
Oil: Production in thousands of barrels per day*
Thousand barrels daily 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 3515 3740 4000 4271 4388 4464 4813 5244 5372 5130
5429
5.8% 4.4% 6.0%
Mexico 2940 2911 2882 2792 2593 2461 2227 2072 1921 1912
1928
0.8% -4.1% 2.1%
US 7890 8931 10103 11807 12783 12354 13140 15310 17114 16458
16585
0.8% 7.7% 18.5%
Total N orth America 14345 15583 16986 18869 19765 19278 20180 22625 24407 23500
23942
1.9% 5.3% 26.6%
Argentina 667 657 644 638 646 610 590 591 620 601
627
4.4% -0.6% 0.7%
Brazil 2179 2145 2110 2341 2525 2607 2731 2691 2890 3030
2987
-1.4% 3.2% 3.3%
Colombia 915 944 1010 990 1006 886 854 865 886 781
738
-5.5% -2.1% 0.8%
Ecuador 501 505 527 557 543 548 531 517 531 479
473
-1.4% -0.6% 0.5%
Peru 159 157 171 175 153 141 136 139 144 131
128
-2.8% -2.1% 0.1%
Trinidad & Tobago 136 117 116 114 109 97 99 87 82 76
77
0.5% -5.6% 0.1%
Venezuela 2755 2704 2680 2692 2864 2566 2220 1631 1022 640
654
2.1% -13.4% 0.7%
Other S. & Cent. America 144 147 152 155 146 135 133 128 122 186
225
20.9% 4.5% 0.2%
Total S. & Cent. America 7456 7375 7411 7662 7991 7589 7295 6649 6297 5925
5909
-0.3% -2.3% 6.6%
Denmark 225 204 178 167 158 142 138 116 103 72
65
-10.2% -11.7% 0.1%
Italy 110 112 114 120 113 78 86 97 89 112
100
-10.0% -0.9% 0.1%
Norway 2040 1917 1838 1886 1946 1997 1971 1851 1762 2003
2025
1.1% -0.1% 2.3%
Romania 89 83 86 84 83 79 76 75 75 72
70
-3.6% -2.4% 0.1%
United Kingdom 1114 947 865 854 964 1015 1005 1092 1118 1049
874
-16.6% -2.4% 1.0%
Other Europe 336 336 344 339 331 313 303 308 302 290
286
-1.3% -1.6% 0.3%
Total Europe 3913 3600 3426 3450 3596 3623 3579 3538 3449 3597
3420
-4.9% -1.3% 3.8%
Azerbaijan 932 882 888 861 851 838 793 796 775 714
722
1.2% -2.5% 0.8%
Kazakhstan 1684 1664 1737 1710 1695 1655 1838 1904 1919 1806
1811
0.3% 0.7% 2.0%
Russian Federation 10533 10656 10807 10927 11087 11342 11374 11562 11679 10667
10944
2.6% 0.4% 12.2%
Turkmenistan 234 244 256 263 271 270 269 259 254 219
252
15.3% 0.8% 0.3%
Uzbekistan 80 72 69 63 60 57 61 64 67 61
60
-2.2% -2.8% 0.1%
Other CIS 36 35 35 35 36 36 37
38 39 39
40
1.0% 1.0%
◆
Total CIS 13500 13553 13791 13859 13998 14198 14371 14622 14733 13506
13829
2.4% 0.2% 15.4%
Iran 4452 3810 3609 3714 3853 4578 4854 4608 3399 3084
3620
17.4% -2.0% 4.0%
Iraq 2773 3079 3099 3239 3986 4423 4538 4632 4779 4114
4102
-0.3% 4.0% 4.6%
Kuwait 2918 3173 3134 3106 3069 3150 3009 3050 2976 2695
2741
1.7% -0.6% 3.0%
Oman 885 918 942 943 981 1004 971 978 971 951
971
2.2% 0.9% 1.1%
Qatar 1824 1868 1887 1881 1805 1790 1756 1793 1727 1714
1746
1.9% -0.4% 1.9%
Saudi Arabia 11079 11622 11393 11519 11998 12406 11892 12261 11832 11039
10954
-0.8% -0.1% 12.2%
Syria 353 171 59 33 27 25 25 24 34 43
96
123.2% -12.2% 0.1%
United Arab Emirates 3300 3425 3566 3603 3898 4038 3910 3912 3999 3693
3668
-0.7% 1.1% 4.1%
Yemen 220 178 197 153 63 43 71 94 95 88
67
-23.7% -11.2% 0.1%
Other Middle East 201 184 208 214 213 214 208 207 214 188
191
1.1% -0.6% 0.2%
Total Middle East 28007 28426 28096 28404 29893 31670 31233 31559 30026 27609
28156
2.0% 0.1% 31.3%
Algeria 1642 1537 1485 1589 1558 1577 1540 1511 1487 1330
1353
1.7% -1.9% 1.5%
Angola 1670 1734 1738 1701 1796 1745 1671 1519 1420 1318
1164
-11.6% -3.5% 1.3%
Chad 114 101 91 89 111 117 98 116 127 126
116
-7.7% 0.2% 0.1%
Re public of Congo 301 280 243 253 234 232 270 330 336 307
274
-10.7% -0.9% 0.3%
Egypt 714 715 710 714 726 691 660 674 653 632
608
-3.8% -1.6% 0.7%
Equatorial Guinea 301 320 282 284 260 223 195 176 160 158
140
-11.7% -7.4% 0.2%
Gabon 236 221 213 211 214 221 210 193 218 207
181
-12.7% -2.6% 0.2%
Libya 516 1539 1048 518 437 412 929 1165 1228 425
1269
198.4% 9.4% 1.4%
Nigeria 2459 2409 2276 2273 2199 1898 1968 2005 2101 1828
1626
-11.1% -4.1% 1.8%
South Sudan – 31 100 155 148 137 147 144 172 165
153
-7.3% – 0.2%
Sudan 291 103 118 120 109 84 70 74 72 63
64
1.1% -14.0% 0.1%
Tunisia 73 73 68 63 57 54 46 44 41 37
45
21.3% -4.6% 0.1%
Other Africa 200 208 242 247 276 270 317 315 348 331
293
-11.5% 3.9% 0.3%
Total Africa 8516 9271 8613 8218 8123 7661 8123 8269 8362 6928
7286
5.2% -1.5% 8.1%
Australia 479 472
401 420 378 353 322 342 453 453
435
-3.9% -1.0% 0.5%
Brunei 165 159 135 126 127 121 113 112 121 110
107
-3.2% -4.3% 0.1%
China 4074 4155 4216 4246 4309 3999 3846 3802 3848 3901
3994
2.4% -0.2% 4.4%
India 937 926 926 905 893 874 885 869 826 771
746
-3.2% -2.3% 0.8%
Indonesia 952 917 871 847 838 873 837 808 781 742
692
-6.8% -3.1% 0.8%
Malaysia 659 663 627 649 696 726 718 713 672 616
573
-7.0% -1.4% 0.6%
Thailand 429 471 466 464 481 489 486 475 475 421
398
-5.3% -0.7% 0.4%
Vi etnam 316 347 346 325 352 317 284 257 236 207
192
-7.2% -4.8% 0.2%
Other A sia Pacific 302 291 274 296 298 281 273 234 230 208
199
-4.7% -4.1% 0.2%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 8314 8401 8263 8279 8372 8033 7765 7610 7642 7428
7335
-1.3% -1.2% 8.2%
Total World 84050 86208 86584 88741 91737 92053 92546 94874 94916 88494 89877
1.6%
0.7% 100.0%
of which: OECD 19517 20460 21673 23594 24612 24011 24811 27236 29056 28198
28405
0.7% 3.8% 31.6%
Non-OECD 64534 65749 64911 65147 67126 68041 67735 67638 65860 60296
61471
1.9% -0.5% 68.4%
OPEC 34402 35851 34767 34703 36364 37467 37206 36995 34957 30839
31745
2.9% -0.8% 35.3%
Non-OPEC 49648 50358 51818 54038 55373 54586 55340 57879 59959 57655
58131
0.8% 1.6% 64.7%
European Union 600 572 560 552 535 471 465 448 415 393
366
-7.0% -4.8% 0.4%
Source: includes data from FGE Iran Service.
*Includes crude oil, shale oil, oil sands, condensates (lease condensate or gas condensates that require further refining) and NGLs (natural gas liquids – ethane, LPG and naphtha separated from the
production of natural gas).
Excludes liquid fuels from other sources such as biofuels and synthetic derivatives of coal and natural gas. This also excludes liquid fuel adjustment factors such as refinery processing gain.
E x cludes oil shales/kerogen extracted in solid form.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Note: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
16
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Oil: Production in million tonnes*
Million tonnes 2011 2012 2013 20 14 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 170.1 182.9 195.4 209.8 216.1 218.8 236.6 257.7 263.5 252.0
267.1
6.3% 4.6% 6.3%
Mexico 144.5 143.9 142.1 137.3 127.7 121.5 109.6 102.4 95.0 95.1
96.5
1.7% -4.0% 2.3%
US 346.4 395.2 448.7 524.7 567.1 542.6 574.1 669.1 749.9 711.6
711.1
0.2% 7.5% 16.8%
Total N orth America 661.1 722.0 786.2 871.8 910.9 883.0 920.3 1029.2 1108.4 1058.7
1074.7
1.8% 5.0% 25.5%
Argentina 31.2 30.8 30.2 29.8 30.0 28.6 27.2 27.5 28.8 27.7
29.1
5.4% -0.7% 0.7%
Brazil 114.0 112.4 110.2 122.5 132.2 136.7 142.6 140.6 151.2 159.3
156.8
-1.3% 3.2% 3.7%
Colombia 48.2 49.9 53.2 52.2 53.0 46.8 45.0 45.6 46.7 41.3
38.9
-5.5% -2.1% 0.9%
Ecuador 26.8 27.1 28.2 29.8 29.1 29.5 28.5 27.7 28.5 25.8
25.3
-1.4% -0.6% 0.6%
Peru 7.0 6.9 7.3 7.5 6.5 5.8 5.7 5.9 6.1 5.5
5.3
-2.7% -2.7% 0.1%
Trinidad & Tobago 5.9 5.2 5.1 5.1 4.8 4.3 4.4 3.9 3.7 3.4
3.5
2.0% -5.1% 0.1%
Venezuela 141.5 139.3 137.8 138.5 147.6 132.6 114.1 83.8 52.1 32.7
33.4
2.4% -13.4% 0.8%
Other S. & Cent. America 7.3 7.4 7.6 7.8 7.3 6.8 6.7 6.4 6.2 9.4
11.3
20.5% 4.5% 0.3%
Total S. & Cent. America 381.8 379.0 379.6 393.1 410.6 391.2 374.2 341.5 323.1 305.0
303.5
-0.2% -2.3% 7.2%
Denmark 10.9 10.0 8.7 8.1 7.7 6.9 6.7 5.6 5.0 3.5
3.2
-10.2% -11.7% 0.1%
Italy 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.8 5.5 3.8 4.1 4.7 4.3 5.4
4.8
-10.0% -0.9% 0.1%
Norway 93.4 87.0 82.9 85.0 87.6 90.3 88.9 83.3 79.8 92.0
93.8
2.2%
◆
2.2%
Romania 4.2 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5
3.3
-3.6% -2.4% 0.1%
United Kingdom 52.0 44.6 40.6 39.9 45.3 47.4 46.6 50.9 51.8 49.0
40.9
-16.3% -2.4% 1.0%
Other Europe 16.7 16.7 17.1 16.9 16.5 15.6 15.0 15.2 15.0 14.4
14.2
-1.4% -1.6% 0.3%
Total Europe 182.5 167.7 159.0 159.8 166.6 167.9 165.0 163.3 159.5 167.8
160.2
-4.3% -1.3% 3.8%
Azerbaijan 46.1 43.7 43.8 42.5 42.0 41.4 39.1 39.2 38.0 35.0
35.1
0.6% -2.7% 0.8%
Kazakhstan 80.1 79.3 82.3 81.1 80.2 78.6 87.0 90.5 91.0 86.0
86.0
0.3% 0.7% 2.0%
Russian Federation 519.5 526.7 532.2 537.4 544.6 558.5 558.5 567.9 573.4 524.4
536.4
2.6% 0.3% 12.7%
Turkmenistan 11.5 12.0 12.5 12.9 13.2 13.2 13.1 12.5 12.2 10.4
12.0
15.5% 0.4% 0.3%
Uzbekistan 3.7 3.3 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.8
2.7
-2.0% -3.1% 0.1%
Other CIS 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8
1.9 1.9 2.0
2.0
1.0% 1.0%
◆
Total CIS 662.7 666.8 675.8 678.5 684.5 696.1 702.3 714.9 719.6 660.5
674.3
2.4% 0.2% 16.0%
Iran 212.5 180.5 169.7 174.0 180.2 216.1 231.9 219.2 158.3 143.2
167.7
17.4% -2.3% 4.0%
Iraq 135.8 151.3 151.9 158.8 195.6 217.6 222.4 227.0 234.2 202.0
200.8
-0.3% 4.0% 4.8%
Kuwait 140.9 154.0 151.4 150.2 148.2 152.7 145.0 146.8 143.4 130.3
131.1
0.9% -0.7% 3.1%
Oman 43.2 45.0 46.1 46.2 48.0 49.3 47.6 47.8 47.3 46.1
46.8
1.8% 0.8% 1.1%
Qatar 77.7 79.6 79.7 79.4 75.7 75.1 73.6 74.8 71.9 72.0
73.3
2.1% -0.6% 1.7%
Saudi Arabia 522.7 549.2 538.4 543.8 568.0 586.7 559.3 576.8 556.6 519.6
515.0
-0.6% -0.1% 12.2%
Syria 16.9 8.1 2.7 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.5 2.0
4.6
134.8% -12.2% 0.1%
United Arab Emirates 150.5 156.2 162.8 163.4 176.1 182.4 176.2 176.7 180.5 166.6
164.4
-1.1% 0.9% 3.9%
Yemen 10.2 8.1 9.0 6.9 2.6 1.6 3.0 4.1 4.1 3.8
2.8
-26.5% -12.2% 0.1%
Other Middle East 9.9 9.0 10.3 10.5 10.5 10.6 10.2 10.2 10.4 9.2
9.3
1.7% -0.6% 0.2%
Total Middle East 1320.4 1341.1 1321.9 1334.8 1406.2 1493.3 1470.3 1484.5 1408.3 1294.9
1315.8
1.9%
◆
31.2%
Algeria 71.7 67.2 64.8 68.8 67.2 68.4 66.6 65.3 64.3 57.5
58.2
1.4% -2.1% 1.4%
Angola 82.0 85.3 85.2 83.3 88.2 85.8 81.6 74.1 69.1 64.2
56.6
-11.6% -3.6% 1.3%
Chad 6.0 5.3 4.8 4.7 5.8 6.1 5.2 6.1 6.7 6.6
6.1
-7.7% 0.2% 0.1%
Re public of Congo 15.3 14.2 12.3 12.9 11.9 11.9 13.8 16.9 17.2 15.8
14.0
-10.8% -0.9% 0.3%
Egypt 34.6 34.7 34.4 35.1 35.4 33.8 32.2 32.8 31.8 31.1
29.6
-4.5% -1.5% 0.7%
Equatorial Guinea 14.2 15.2 13.2 13.3 12.1 10.3 9.0 8.1 7.4 7.4
6.4
-12.6% -7.6% 0.2%
Gabon 11.8 11.1 10.7 10.5 10.7 11.0 10.5 9.7 10.9 10.4
9.0
-12.7% -2.6% 0.2%
Libya 24.3 72.6 49.4 24.4 20.5 19.3 43.8 54.9 57.8 20.0
59.6
198.9% 9.4% 1.4%
Nigeria 118.3 116.4 109.4 109.2 105.7 91.3 94.4 96.3 101.1 88.4
77.9
-11.6% -4.1% 1.8%
South Sudan – 1.5 4.9 7.7 7.3 6.8 7.3 7.1 8.4 8.1
7.5
-7.3% – 0.2%
Sudan 14.3 5.1 5.8 5.9 5.4 4.2 3.4 3.7 3.6 3.1
3.2
1.1% -14.0% 0.1%
Tunisia 3.4 3.4 3.1 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.7
2.1
22.4% -4.6% 0.1%
Other Africa 9.9 10.3 12.0 12.2 13.7 13.5 15.7 15.5 17.1 16.3
14.4
-11.7% 3.8% 0.3%
Total Africa 405.9 442.3 409.9 390.8 386.4 364.9 385.5 392.6 397.3 330.7
344.7
4.5% -1.6% 8.2%
Australia 21.4 21.2
17.6 18.6 16.8 15.4 13.9 14.6 19.1 19.1
18.1
-4.6% -1.6% 0.4%
Brunei 8.1 7.8 6.6 6.2 6.2 5.9 5.5 5.4 5.9 5.4
5.2
-3.0% -4.3% 0.1%
China 202.9 207.5 210.0 211.4 214.6 199.7 191.5 189.3 191.6 194.8
198.9
2.4% -0.2% 4.7%
India 42.9 42.5 42.5 41.6 41.2 40.2 40.4 39.5 37.5 35.1
34.0
-3.0% -2.3% 0.8%
Indonesia 46.3 44.6 42.4 41.0 40.6 42.6 40.9 39.5 38.2 36.4
33.8
-6.9% -3.1% 0.8%
Malaysia 29.7 30.1 28.7 29.8 32.2 33.3 32.9 32.5 30.6 28.1
25.9
-7.3% -1.3% 0.6%
Thailand 15.8 17.3 17.1 16.9 17.6 18.1 17.6 17.0 16.9 15.1
13.9
-7.6% -1.2% 0.3%
Vi etnam 15.4 17.0 16.9 15.9 17.2 15.5 13.9 12.4 11.4 10.0
9.3
-6.5% -4.9% 0.2%
Other A sia Pacific 13.2 12.8 12.1 13.3 13.4 12.6 12.2 10.5 10.3 9.4
9.0
-4.3% -3.8% 0.2%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 395.7 400.7 393.8 394.6 399.6 383.3 368.7 360.8 361.5 353.3
348.2
-1.2% -1.3% 8.2%
Total World 4010.0 4119.6 4126.2 4223.3 4364.9 4379.6 4386.4 4486.8 4477.6 4170.9 4221.4 1.5% 0.5% 100.0%
of which: OECD 906.4 953.8 1008.6 1095.5 1140.7 1106.6 1138.1 1246.2 1326.8 1280.4
1285.6
0.7% 3.6% 30.5%
Non-OECD 3103.6 3165.9 3117.6 3127.8 3224.2 3273.0 3248.3 3240.7 3150.8 2890.6
2935.7
1.8% -0.6% 69.5%
OPEC 1641.6 1712.5 1656.9 1651.1 1732.0 1786.2 1768.6 1755.8 1652.9 1458.2
1494.2
2.8% -0.9% 35.4%
Non-OPEC 2368.4 2407.2 2469.2 2572.2 2632.9 2593.4 2617.7 2731.0 2824.7 2712.8
2727.1
0.8% 1.4% 64.6%
European Union 29.2 28.0 27.4 27.0 26.1 23.0 22.7 21.9 20.2 19.3
17.8
-7.0% -4.8% 0.4%
Source: includes data from FGE Iran Service.
*Includes crude oil, shale oil, oil sands, condensates (lease condensate or gas condensates that require further refining) and NGLs (natural gas liquids – ethane, LPG and naphtha separated from the
production of natural gas).
Excludes liquid fuels from other sources such as biofuels and synthetic derivatives of coal and natural gas. This also excludes liquid fuel adjustment factors such as refinery processing gain.
E x cludes oil shales/kerogen extracted in solid form.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Note: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using million tonnes figures.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
17
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Oil: Crude oil and condensate production in thousands of barrels per day*
Thousand barrels daily 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 3021 3250 3486 3758 3863 3868 4216 4596 4690 4470
4748
6.2% 4.6% 6.1%
Mexico 2553 2548 2522 2429 2267 2154 1948 1833 1701 1705
1756
3.0% -3.7% 2.3%
US 5674 6523 7498 8792 9441 8844 9357 10941 12289 11283
11188
-0.8% 7.0% 14.4%
Total N orth America 11248 12321 13506 14978 15571 14866 15521 17370 18681 17458
17693
1.3% 4.6% 22.7%
Argentina 553 549 540 532 532 511 480 489 509 481
513
6.8% -0.8% 0.7%
Brazil 2105 2061 2024 2255 2437 2510 2622 2587 2788 2940
2905
-1.2% 3.3% 3.7%
Colombia 915 944 1010 990 1006 886 854 865 886 781
738
-5.5% -2.1% 0.9%
Ecuador 500 504 526 557 543 548 531 517 531 479
473
-1.4% -0.5% 0.6%
Peru 117 112 118 121 104 91 88 92 95 84
82
-1.7% -3.4% 0.1%
Trinidad & Tobago 92 82 81 81 79 71 72 63 59 57
60
5.7% -4.2% 0.1%
Venezuela 2623 2580 2564 2578 2747 2461 2116 1542 942 589
605
2.7% -13.6% 0.8%
Other S. & Cent. America 126 131 135 140 133 122 118 114 109 173
212
22.2% 5.4% 0.3%
Total S. & Cent. America 7031 6963 6998 7255 7580 7200 6881 6270 5919 5583
5588
0.1% -2.3% 7.2%
Denmark 225 204 178 167 158 142 138 116 103 72
65
-10.2% -11.7% 0.1%
Italy 110 112 114 120 113 78 86 97 89 112
100
-10.0% -0.9% 0.1%
Norway 1758 1612 1532 1562 1608 1647 1620 1516 1463 1715
1776
3.6% 0.1% 2.3%
Romania 84 79 83 82 80 76 73 72 71 68
66
-3.8% -2.4% 0.1%
United Kingdom 1028 885 810 791 903 933 913 1002 1019 961
807
-16.0% -2.4% 1.0%
Other Europe 316 317 327 324 317 297 284 289 286 275
270
-1.5% -1.5% 0.3%
Total Europe 3521 3209 3045 3045 3180 3173 3114 3092 3030 3202
3084
-3.7% -1.3% 4.0%
Azerbaijan 919 872 877 849 840 826 781 783 762 702
707
0.7% -2.6% 0.9%
Kazakhstan 1684 1662 1720 1701 1672 1637 1813 1900 1903 1796
1801
0.3% 0.7% 2.3%
Russian Federation 10287 10395 10528 10479 10617 10863 10898 11083 11186 10192
10455
2.6% 0.2% 13.4%
Turkmenistan 224 231 239 246 254 250 248 236 228 189
220
16.2% -0.2% 0.3%
Uzbekistan 80 72 69 63 60 57 61 64 67 61
60
-2.2% -2.8% 0.1%
Other CIS 36 35 35 35 36 36 37
38 39 39
40
1.0% 1.0% 0.1%
Total CIS 13229 13267 13468 13373 13478 13670 13839 14104 14185 12980
13283
2.3%
◆
17.1%
Iran 4048 3398 3192 3273 3392 4090 4490 4240 3020 2730
3170
16.1% -2.4% 4.1%
Iraq 2728 3037 3058 3198 3945 4375 4473 4568 4712 4049
4032
-0.4% 4.0% 5.2%
Kuwait 2645 2890 2847 2830 2782 2860 2704 2737 2678 2438
2415
-0.9% -0.9% 3.1%
Oman 885 918 942 943 981 1004 971 978 971 951
971
2.2% 0.9% 1.2%
Qatar 1399 1431 1416 1414 1335 1317 1305 1322 1257 1282
1310
2.2% -0.7% 1.7%
Saudi Arabia 9566 9987 9875 9941 10420 10688 10175 10533 10145 9430
9394
-0.4% -0.2% 12.1%
Syria 319 146 45 23 19 17 17 16 25 33
86
160.5% -12.3% 0.1%
United Arab Emirates 2853 2946 3084 3063 3284 3384 3279 3308 3360 3087
3031
-1.8% 0.6% 3.9%
Yemen 197 154 173 128 38 16 44 67 67 60
40
-34.6% -14.9% 0.1%
Other Middle East 191 173 199 204 203 204 198 196 196 170
176
3.2% -0.8% 0.2%
Total Middle East 24831 25080 24830 25018 26399 27956 27657 27964 26429 24231
24625
1.6% -0.1% 31.6%
Algeria 1416 1320 1275 1329 1290 1316 1287 1259 1239 1097
1104
0.7% -2.5% 1.4%
Angola 1656 1714 1716 1672 1780 1722 1632 1479 1373 1271
1124
-11.6% -3.8% 1.4%
Chad 114 101 91 89 111 117 98 116 127 126
116
-7.7% 0.2% 0.1%
Re public of Congo 292 268 234 245 227 225 263 323 329 300
267
-11.0% -0.9% 0.3%
Egypt 649 649 643 667 662 631 603 617 597 587
561
-4.5% -1.4% 0.7%
Equatorial Guinea 280 299 261 266 242 204 174 157 144 143
124
-13.2% -7.8% 0.2%
Gabon 236 221 213 211 214 221 210 193 218 207
181
-12.7% -2.6% 0.2%
Libya 508 1499 1025 510 422 397 909 1144 1201 410
1230
199.9% 9.3% 1.6%
Nigeria 2373 2330 2193 2188 2119 1822 1890 1922 2014 1765
1545
-12.5% -4.2% 2.0%
South Sudan – 31 100 155 148 137 147 144 172 165
153
-7.3% – 0.2%
Sudan 291 103 118 120 109 84 70 74 72 63
64
1.1% -14.0% 0.1%
Tunisia 70 69 62 58 52 49 42 41 38 34
43
24.9% -4.7% 0.1%
Other Africa 200 208 242 247 276 270 317 315 347 328
286
-12.8% 3.7% 0.4%
Total Africa 8085 8813 8173 7756 7651 7193 7642 7784 7870 6498
6799
4.6% -1.7% 8.7%
Australia 411 405
335 353 322 290 263 284 361 351
335
-4.7% -2.0% 0.4%
Brunei 153 146 122 114 115 109 101 100 110 100
98
-2.3% -4.3% 0.1%
China 4074 4155 4216 4246 4309 3999 3846 3802 3848 3901
3994
2.4% -0.2% 5.1%
India 793 786 789 778 771 744 744 719 677 636
619
-2.7% -2.5% 0.8%
Indonesia 902 859 825 789 786 829 801 772 745 708
659
-7.0% -3.1% 0.8%
Malaysia 583 598 588 610 662 667 660 653 610 556
511
-8.0% -1.3% 0.7%
Thailand 224 239 241 233 248 258 240 228 228 202
177
-12.2% -2.3% 0.2%
Vi etnam 308 339 337 315 342 308 275 243 225 195
184
-5.5% -5.0% 0.2%
Other A sia Pacific 256 246 237 261 265 250 241 208 205 188
180
-4.2% -3.5% 0.2%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 7705 7773 7690 7699 7820 7453 7171 7008 7008 6837
6757
-1.2% -1.3% 8.7%
Total World 75650 77426 77710 79125 81679 81512 81825 83592 83122 76791 77830 1.4% 0.3% 100.0%
of which: OECD 15958 16738 17744 19230 19945 19090 19631 21481 22825 21667
21727
0.3% 3.1% 27.9%
Non-OECD 59692 60688 59966 59896 61734 62422 62194 62112 60296 55124
56103
1.8% -0.6% 72.1%
OPEC 31226 32489 31537 31305 32864 33763 33602 33405 31374 27517
28223
2.6% -1.0% 36.3%
Non-OPEC 44424 44937 46173 47820 48816 47749 48222 50187 51748 49274
49607
0.7% 1.1% 63.7%
European Union 581 556 546 540 523 457 451 436 403 384
356
-7.2% -4.8% 0.5%
Source: includes data from FGE Iran Service.
*Includes crude oil, shale/tight oil, oil sands, lease condensate or gas condensates that require further refining. Excludes liquid fuels from other sources such as biomass and synthetic derivatives
of coal and natural gas.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
n/a not available.
Note: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures.
18
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Oil: Natural gas liquids production in thousands of barrels per day*
Thousand barrels daily 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 493 490 514 513 525 595 597 647 682 660
681
3.1% 3.3% 5.7%
Mexico 388 363 360 363 326 307 279 238 220 206
171
-17.0% -7.8% 1.4%
US 2216 2408 2606 3015 3342 3509 3783 4369 4824 5175
5397
4.3% 9.3% 44.8%
Total N orth America 3097 3261 3480 3890 4194 4412 4659 5255 5726 6041
6249
3.4% 7.3% 51.9%
Argentina 114 107 104 105 114 99 110 102 112 120
114
-4.8%
◆
0.9%
Brazil 73 84 86 87 88 97 110 104 102 90
82
-9.2% 1.1% 0.7%
Colombia – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Ecuador 1 1 1 – – – – – – –
–
– -100.0% –
Peru 42 45 54 54 49 50 48 47 49 48
46
-4.9% 0.8% 0.4%
Trinidad & Tobago 44 35 34 33 30 25 27 24 23 20
17
-14.5% -9.2% 0.1%
Venezuela 132 124 116 114 117 105 104 88 80 52
49
-5.0% -9.4% 0.4%
Other S. & Cent. America 19 16 17 14 13 12 15 14 13 12
13
3.3% -3.9% 0.1%
Total S. & Cent. America 425 413 412 407 411 389 414 379 378 342
320
-6.3% -2.8% 2.7%
Denmark
– – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Italy – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Norway 281 306 305 324 338 349 351 335 299 288
249
-13.7% -1.2% 2.1%
Romania 5 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 4 4
4
1.1% -1.7%
◆
United Kingdom 86 62 55 62 60 82 92 90 99 88
67
-23.3% -2.4% 0.6%
Other Europe 20 19 17 15 14 16 19 19 17 15
16
2.4% -2.5% 0.1%
Total Europe 392 390 380 404 416 451 465 446 419 395
335
-15.1% -1.5% 2.8%
Azerbaijan 13 10 11 12 11 11 11 12 13 12
15
26.9% 1.6% 0.1%
Kazakhstan † 2 17 9 23 18 25 4 16 10
10
1.8% 58.0% 0.1%
Russian Federation 247 260 278 448 470 479 476 479 493 475
488
2.8% 7.1% 4.1%
Turkmenistan 10 14 17 17 17 20 21 23 27 30
32
9.6% 11.9% 0.3%
Uzbekistan – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Other CIS – – – – – – –
– – –
–
– – –
Total CIS 271 286 323 486 521 528 533 518 548 526
546
3.7% 7.3% 4.5%
Iran 404 412 418 441 461 488 364 368 379 354
450
27.1% 1.1% 3.7%
Iraq 45 42 41 40 41 48 64 64 68 64
70
8.8% 4.5% 0.6%
Kuwait 273 283 287 276 288 290 305 313 299 257
326
26.8% 1.8% 2.7%
Oman – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Qatar 426 437 471 466 470 473 450 471 470 432
436
1.0% 0.2% 3.6%
Saudi Arabia 1513 1635 1518 1577 1578 1718 1717 1728 1687 1609
1560
-3.1% 0.3% 12.9%
Syria 34 25 14 10 8 8 8 8 9 10
10
– -11.5% 0.1%
United Arab Emirates 447 479 482 539 614 654 631 604 639 607
637
4.9% 3.6% 5.3%
Yemen 23 24 24 25 26 26 27 28 28 28
28
0.3% 1.8% 0.2%
Other Middle East 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 19 18
15
-18.1% 3.2% 0.1%
Total Middle East 3175 3346 3266 3386 3494 3715 3576 3596 3597 3378
3531
4.5% 1.1% 29.3%
Algeria 225 216 210 260 268 261 254 252 247 233
248
6.5% 1.0% 2.1%
Angola 14 20 22 30 16 23 39 40 47 47
40
-13.6% 11.2% 0.3%
Chad – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Re public of Congo 9 12 9 8 7 7 7 7 7 7
7
3.7% -2.3% 0.1%
Egypt 65 66 67 47 64 60 57 58 56 44
47
4.5% -3.3% 0.4%
Equatorial Guinea 21 20 21 19 17 19 21 19 17 15
15
2.3% -2.9% 0.1%
Gabon – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Libya 8 40 22 8 15 15 20 21 27 15
40
159.1% 16.6% 0.3%
Nigeria 86 79 83 86 80 76 78 83 87 63
80
28.4% -0.6% 0.7%
South Sudan – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Sudan – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Tunisia 4 5 6 5 5 5 4 4 3 3
2
-19.4% -4.0%
◆
Other Africa – – – – – – – 1 1 3
7
147.7% – 0.1%
Total Africa 431 458 440 462 472 467 481 485 492 430
487
13.3% 1.2% 4.0%
Australia 68 67
66 67 56 64 59 58 92 102
100
-1.2% 4.0% 0.8%
Brunei 13 13 13 12 11 12 13 12 12 10
8
-11.7% -4.1% 0.1%
China – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
India 144 140 136 128 122 130 141 150 150 135
127
-5.6% -1.2% 1.1%
Indonesia 50 58 46 58 52 44 36 36 35 34
33
-2.1% -4.1% 0.3%
Malaysia 76 65 39 39 35 59 58 60 62 60
62
2.4% -2.1% 0.5%
Thailand 205 232 225 231 233 231 247 247 246 219
221
1.1% 0.8% 1.8%
Vi etnam 8 8 10 10 9 10 9 13 12 12
8
-34.3%
◆
0.1%
Other A sia Pacific 46 45 38 36 33 31 32 26 26 21
19
-8.9% -8.6% 0.2%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 609 628 572 580 551 580 594 602 634 591
578
-2.1% -0.5% 4.8%
Total World 8400 8782 8874 9616 10058 10541 10721 11282 11794 11703 12047 2.9% 3.7% 100.0%
of which: OECD 3558 3722 3929 4364 4667 4922 5180 5756 6230 6531
6679
2.3% 6.5% 55.4%
Non-OECD 4842 5061 4945 5252 5391 5619 5541 5526 5564 5172
5368
3.8% 1.0% 44.6%
OPEC 3176 3361 3230 3398 3501 3704 3604 3589 3583 3322
3522
6.0% 1.0% 29.2%
Non-OPEC 5224 5421 5644 6218 6557 6837 7117 7692 8211 8381
8525
1.7% 5.0% 70.8%
European Union 18 17 14 13 13 14 14 12 11 10
10
3.9% -5.9% 0.1%
*Includes ethane, LPG and naphtha separated from the production of natural gas. Excludes condensates. Source: Includes data from FGE Iran Service, ICIS.
†Less than 0.05.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Note: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
19
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Oil: Total liquids consumption in thousands of barrels per day*
Thousand barrels daily 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 2445 2484 2480 2479 2499 2508 2487 2566 2558 2251
2292
1.8% -0.6% 2.4%
Mexico 2068 2086 2038 1965 1945 1956 1890 1843 1705 1321
1358
2.8% -4.1% 1.4%
US 18896 18482 18967 19100 19532 19692 19952 20512 20543 18186
19782
8.8% 0.5% 20.4%
Total N orth America 23408 23053 23484 23545 23976 24156 24329 24920 24806 21757
23432
7.7%
◆
24.2%
Argentina 629 669 713 709 727 711 711 680 612 541
624
15.3% -0.1% 0.6%
Brazil 2834 2894 3100 3218 3068 2894 2956 2927 3007 2778
2932
5.5% 0.3% 3.0%
Chile 371 376 362 353 355 377 364 379 383 349
365
4.4% -0.2% 0.4%
Colombia 275 296 294 310 330 337 332 344 359 294
370
26.1% 3.0% 0.4%
Ecuador 226 233 247 260 254 240 237 255 249 203
249
22.5% 1.0% 0.3%
Peru 216 219 231 229 245 260 271 278 288 219
276
25.6% 2.5% 0.3%
Trinidad & Tobago 42 40 45 41 45 47 44 41 32 28
25
-10.4% -5.0%
◆
Venezuela 721 785 835 746 697 537 493 410 339 277
289
4.3% -8.7% 0.3%
Central America 366 369 373 388 420 435 444 423 454 382
433
13.5% 1.7% 0.4%
Other Caribbean 648 626 601 590 613 633 620 632 626 518
577
11.3% -1.1% 0.6%
Other South America 190 192 197 198 204 218 223 231 234 219
238
8.4% 2.3% 0.2%
Total S. & Cent. America 6518 6699 7000 7042 6959 6690 6694 6600 6583 5809
6377
9.8% -0.2% 6.6%
Austria 256 256 263 255 256 261 263 267 276 239
246
2.7% -0.4% 0.3%
Belgium 632 611 633 629 647 654 664 704 662 583
655
12.3% 0.4% 0.7%
Bulgaria 81 85 80 86 97 98 103 102 106 95
102
7.5% 2.4% 0.1%
Croatia 73 66 64 66 68 68 73 71 71 60
66
9.7% -0.9% 0.1%
Cyprus 55 51 46 46 47 51 53 52 52 44
46
3.1% -1.8%
◆
Czech Republic 199 196 188 199 191 179 213 214 218 190
209
9.9% 0.5% 0.2%
Denmark 168 158 158 159 161 158 158 159 159 133
135
1.3% -2.2% 0.1%
Estonia 27 32 31 29 29 29 30 30 27 29
30
3.6% 0.9%
◆
Finland 207 199 213 207 207 210 208 208 208 187
188
0.3% -0.9% 0.2%
France 1721 1669 1657 1610 1611 1596 1607
1605 1599 1372
1499
9.3% -1.4% 1.5%
Germany 2365 2352 2404 2344 2336 2374 2443 2325 2339 2132
2119
-0.6% -1.1% 2.2%
Greece 352 307 285 284 297 297 301 298 308 251
254
1.4% -3.2% 0.3%
Hungary 142 133 131 147 157 155 168 180 181 168
179
6.1% 2.3% 0.2%
Iceland 14 14 15 16 17 19 21 23 20 13
13
2.3% -0.7%
◆
Ireland 149 140 141 140 146 152 153 158 158 134
136
1.5% -0.9% 0.1%
Italy 1495 1401 1289 1220 1293 1284 1304 1331 1277 1064
1182
11.0% -2.3% 1.2%
Latvia 34 33 34 34 36 37 38 34 39 34
35
3.2% 0.6%
◆
Lithuania 53 55 53 53 57 61 64 68 68 64
67
4.5% 2.4% 0.1%
Luxembourg 61 59 58 57 56 56 59 63 64 52
54
3.7% -1.2% 0.1%
Netherlands 972 926 900 866 837 854 830 858 830 760
759
-0.2% -2.4% 0.8%
North Macedonia 20 19 19 19 20 22 21 21 22 20
24
16.0% 1.9%
◆
Norway 225 218 229 218 220 217 223 229 223 213
208
-2.1% -0.8% 0.2%
Poland 591 570 537 538 558 605 662 685 702 664
713
7.4% 1.9% 0.7%
Portugal 256 231 241 247 246 248 246 245 253 207
215
3.9% -1.7% 0.2%
Romania 191 191 174 187 191 202 213 219 230 216
234
8.5% 2.1% 0.2%
Slovakia 81 74 75 71 77 79 89 90 86 86
90
5.0% 1.1% 0.1%
Slove nia 55 54 51 50 49 52 54 56 54 46
49
7.0% -1.2% 0.1%
Spain 1370 1285 1191 1188 1233 1278 1291 1325 1325 1087
1199
10.3% -1.3% 1.2%
Sweden 310 309 307 305 303 319 320 305 325 285
305
7.3% -0.2% 0.3%
Switzerland 234 238 249 224 227 216 222 215 220 184
185
0.7% -2.3% 0.2%
Turkey 673 704 756 774 917 976 1025 993 1003 915
942
3.0% 3.4% 1.0%
Ukraine 291 287 275 245 216 229 231 241 242 229
239
4.4% -2.0% 0.2%
United Kingdom 1589 1532 1517 1522 1563 1612 1619 1601 1563 1209
1271
5.1% -2.2% 1.3%
Other Europe 320 299 297 295 305 326 342 338 347 314
322
2.7% 0.1% 0.3%
Total Europe 15262 14754 14562 14329 14673 14977 15310 15316 15262 13282
13973
5.2% -0.9% 14.4%
Azerbaijan 89 92 101 99 100 98 99 104 105 91
95
4.3% 0.7% 0.1%
Belarus 175 214
161 164 138 147 147 171 175 167
160
-4.3% -0.9% 0.2%
Kazakhstan 270 288 297 304 289 304 313 338 345 302
327
8.3% 2.0% 0.3%
Russian Federation 3094 3140 3163 3300 3197 3277 3282 3313 3380 3214
3414
6.2% 1.0% 3.5%
Turkmenistan 125 129 137 143 145 143 144 145 146 140
146
4.5% 1.6% 0.2%
Uzbekistan 104 88 83 82 83 86 87 95 95 83
90
8.8% -1.5% 0.1%
Other CIS 65 75 78 76 78 86 82 96 89 77
84
8.6% 2.5% 0.1%
Total CIS 3921 4026 4021 4169 4029 4141 4155 4262 4335 4073
4315
5.9% 1.0% 4.5%
Iran 1715 1762 1879 1765 1580 1579 1656 1728 1784 1673
1690
1.0% -0.1% 1.7%
Iraq 564 619 688 650 630 687 720 847 720 629
722
14.8% 2.5% 0.7%
Israel 234 274 213 200 211 217 227 230 232 201
210
4.6% -1.0% 0.2%
Kuwait 467 467 477 488 475 449 470 481 471 441
450
1.9% -0.4% 0.5%
Oman 146 157 178 185 184 187 224 232 224 190
209
9.8% 3.6% 0.2%
Qatar 244 260 303 312 356 369 335 347 369 296
311
5.1% 2.5% 0.3%
Saudi Arabia 3285 3451 3444 3779 3901 3962 3870 3762 3691 3552
3595
1.2% 0.9% 3.7%
United Arab Emirates 723 766 847 858 927 1021 1006 1004 972 855
952
11.4% 2.8% 1.0%
Other Middle East 735 696 653 652 566 535 570 552 541 482
502
4.1% -3.7% 0.5%
Total Middle East 8112 8452 8681 8889 8830 9006 9079 9183 9005 8319
8642
3.9% 0.6% 8.9%
Algeria 349 370 387 401 425 412 408 416 431 385
403
4.7% 1.4% 0.4%
Egypt 740 750 759 791 810 836 801 721 686 598
648
8.3% -1.3% 0.7%
Morocco 275 277 282 272 268 275 291 287 293 258
286
10.8% 0.4% 0.3%
South Africa 533 543 554 546 602 577 577 578 571 468
505
7.9% -0.5% 0.5%
Eastern Africa 447 466 493 513 560 569 604 626 627 549
588
7.1% 2.8% 0.6%
Middle Africa 230 251 284 298 290 267 252 251 262 239
257
7.6% 1.1% 0.3%
Western Africa 543 573 594 555 563 623 679 787 801 790
856
8.4% 4.7% 0.9%
Other Northern Afri ca 263 332 347 358 318 295 303 308 318 269
326
21.0% 2.1% 0.3%
Other Southe rn Africa 49 51 54 56 57 56 57 58 59 54
56
3.4% 1.3% 0.1%
Total Africa 3430 3613 3754 3789 3893 3912 3972 4033 4048 3611
3925
8.7%
1.4% 4.1%
Australia 988 1008 1038 1032 1021 1021 1068 1080 1069 919
947
3.0% -0.4% 1.0%
Bangladesh 104 110 108 120 127 138 156 178 171 156
179
14.6% 5.6% 0.2%
China 9687 10127 10648 11107 11959 12372 13071 13729 14399 14470
15522
7.3% 4.8% 16.0%
China Hong Kong SAR 361 344 352 335 368 380 428 435 409 285
256
-10.5% -3.4% 0.3%
India 3510 3708 3751 3871 4188 4593 4767 5032 5215 4764
4954
4.0% 3.5% 5.1%
Indonesia 1539 1626 1592 1606 1524 1508 1612 1683 1691 1545
1634
5.8% 0.6% 1.7%
Japan 4417 4683 4507 4293 4128 3997 3965 3830 3708 3285
3357
2.2% -2.7% 3.5%
Malaysia 696 760 806 809 762 847 805 814 882 761
778
2.3% 1.1% 0.8%
New Zealand 153 150 152 155 161 165 175 175 179 147
144
-1.9% -0.6% 0.1%
Pakistan 414 402 442 458 505 566 589 498 446 437
503
15.1% 2.0% 0.5%
Philippines 298 309 326 347 397 427 459 464 474 391
427
9.3% 3.7% 0.4%
Singapore 1208 1202 1217 1259 1329 1372 1405 1432 1403 1343
1330
-1.0% 1.0% 1.4%
South Korea 2395 2474 2488 2483 2595 2821 2814 2814 2804 2645
2828
6.9% 1.7% 2.9%
Sri Lanka 102 109 94 106 111 134 130 126 135 123
119
-3.3% 1.5% 0.1%
Taiwan 962 952 989 1018 1042 1048 1033 1040 987 947
990
4.5% 0.3% 1.0%
Thailand 1159 1224 1250 1267 1309 1338 1384 1416 1432 1272
1268
-0.3% 0.9% 1.3%
Vi etnam 358 362 375 397 482 524 552 581 599 493
464
-5.8% 2.6% 0.5%
Other A sia Pacific 322 333 352 378 424 432 434 486 510 524
546
4.2% 5.4% 0.6%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 28673 29882 30489 31043 32432 33685 34847 35811 36511 34507
36245
5.0% 2.4% 37.4%
Total World 89323 90479 91991 92805 94792 96566 98385 100125 100550 91360 96908 6.1% 0.8% 100.0%
of which: OECD 46473 46069 46146 45756 46508 47073 47547 48044 47730 41900
44592
6.4% -0.4% 46.0%
Non-OECD 42851 44409 45845 47049 48283 49494 50838 52081 52821 49459
52316
5.8% 2.0% 54.0%
European Union 11941 11486 11244 11058 11231 11406 11657 11708 11676 10234
10814
5.7% -1.0% 11.2%
*Inland demand plus international aviation and marine bunkers and refinery fuel and loss. Consumption of biogasoline (such as ethanol), biodiesel and derivatives of coal and natural gas are
also included.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Note: Differences between these world consumption figures and world production statistics are accounted for by stock changes, consumption of non-petroleum additives and substitute fuels,
and unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of oil supply and demand data.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
20
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Oil: Consumption in thousands of barrels per day*
Thousand barrels daily 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 20 18 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 2400 2426 2422 2420 2443 2453 2424 2501 2491 2191
2229
1.7% -0.7% 2.4%
Mexico 2065 2083 2034 1960 1939 1950 1883 1836 1698 1313
1350
2.9% -4.2% 1.4%
US 17993 17581 17992 18111 18499 18593 18845 19417 19424 17183
18684
8.7% 0.4% 19.9%
Total N orth America 22458 22090 22448 22491 22881 22996 23153 23753 23613 20687
22264
7.6% -0.1% 23.7%
Argentina 612 647 688 678 694 675 670 640 572 518
598
15.4% -0.2% 0.6%
Brazil 2434 2519 2656 2729 2488 2370 2407 2293 2303 2134
2252
5.5% -0.8% 2.4%
Chile 371 376 362 353 355 377 364 379 383 349
365
4.4% -0.2% 0.4%
Colombia 259 279 277 292 312 320 313 322 340 277
349
26.0% 3.0% 0.4%
Ecuador 226 233 247 260 254 239 236 255 249 202
247
22.5% 0.9% 0.3%
Peru 211 211 222 221 235 250 260 267 278 210
266
26.3% 2.3% 0.3%
Trinidad & Tobago 42 40 45 41 45 47 44 41 32 28
25
-10.4% -5.0%
◆
Venezuela 721 785 835 746 697 537 493 410 339 277
289
4.3% -8.7% 0.3%
Central America 366 369 372 386 420 435 444 423 454 382
433
13.5% 1.7% 0.5%
Other Caribbean 637 617 591 581 604 624 611 622 617 511
569
11.3% -1.1% 0.6%
Other South America 186 189 193 193 198 210 216 223 225 211
229
8.4% 2.1% 0.2%
Total S. & Cent. America 6066 6264 6491 6481 6302 6085 6057 5877 5791 5100
5622
10.2% -0.8% 6.0%
Austria 244 244 252 242 241 249 252 255 265 229
236
2.8% -0.4% 0.3%
Belgium 624 602 624 620 641 644 653 693 651 568
638
12.4% 0.2% 0.7%
Bulgaria 80 83 77 84 94 95 99 98 102 91
96
5.4% 1.8% 0.1%
Croatia 72 65 63 65 68 68 73 71 69 59
65
9.8% -1.1% 0.1%
Cyprus 55 51 46 45 46 51 52 52 52 44
45
3.3% -1.9%
◆
Czech Republic 191 189 181 192 184 172 205 207 209 181
200
10.6% 0.5% 0.2%
Denmark 165 153 152 153 155 153 152 154 154 127
128
1.1% -2.5% 0.1%
Estonia 27 32 31 29 29 29 30 30 27 28
29
3.7% 0.6%
◆
Finland 202 194 208 197 196 206 200 200 199 178
178
-0.4% -1.3% 0.2%
France 1666 1609 1596 1544 1544 1529 1540
1538 1528 1307
1424
9.0% -1.6% 1.5%
Germany 2294 2276 2336 2273 2269 2307 2374 2255 2270 2049
2045
-0.2% -1.1% 2.2%
Greece 350 305 282 281 294 293 298 294 304 246
249
1.5% -3.3% 0.3%
Hungary 138 129 128 142 153 150 164 175 176 161
171
6.3% 2.2% 0.2%
Iceland 14 14 15 16 17 19 21 23 19 13
13
2.2% -1.1%
◆
Ireland 147 138 138 137 143 149 149 155 153 130
133
2.0% -1.0% 0.1%
Italy 1465 1367 1261 1196 1264 1255 1274 1300 1259 1039
1156
11.2% -2.3% 1.2%
Latvia 33 33 33 34 35 36 37 34 38 33
34
2.0% 0.3%
◆
Lithuania 52 53 52 51 55 60 62 66 66 61
64
4.6% 2.1% 0.1%
Luxembourg 60 58 57 55 54 54 57 60 61 49
51
3.6% -1.7% 0.1%
Netherlands 962 916 889 856 826 843 818 843 812 740
742
0.3% -2.6% 0.8%
North Macedonia 20 19 19 19 20 22 21 21 22 20
24
16.0% 1.9%
◆
Norway 222 215 226 216 217 210 212 221 213 204
199
-2.3% -1.1% 0.2%
Poland 574 552 520 521 542 594 646 663 679 640
687
7.4% 1.8% 0.7%
Portugal 249 225 235 241 238 241 240 239 247 202
208
3.2% -1.8% 0.2%
Romania 186 186 170 184 186 195 206 212 221 205
225
9.5% 1.9% 0.2%
Slovakia 78 72 72 67 73 76 86 87 83 82
86
4.9% 1.1% 0.1%
Slove nia 54 53 50 49 49 52 53 55 52 44
47
6.8% -1.5%
◆
Spain 1330 1237 1169 1165 1209 1252 1260 1286 1287 1056
1169
10.7% -1.3% 1.2%
Sweden 295 292 291 285 279 289 286 273 292 255
270
5.9% -0.9% 0.3%
Switzerland 234 238 249 224 226 214 219 212 216 179
181
0.9% -2.5% 0.2%
Turkey 672 702 748 771 915 973 1022 989 999 913
939
2.9% 3.4% 1.0%
Ukraine 291 287 274 244 215 228 230 240 239 227
237
4.4% -2.0% 0.3%
United Kingdom 1561 1508 1490 1491 1538 1587 1594 1569 1522 1172
1236
5.5% -2.3% 1.3%
Other Europe 320 299 297 294 305 326 342 338 347 314
322
2.7% 0.1% 0.3%
Total Europe 14927 14396 14232 13980 14321 14622 14928 14903 14831 12846
13527
5.3% -1.0% 14.4%
Azerbaijan 89 92 101 99 100 98 99 104 105 91
95
4.3% 0.7% 0.1%
Belarus 174 213
160 164 138 147 147 171 174 167
159
-4.3% -0.9% 0.2%
Kazakhstan 270 288 297 304 289 304 313 338 345 302
327
8.3% 2.0% 0.3%
Russian Federation 3094 3140 3163 3300 3197 3275 3280 3310 3376 3210
3407
6.1% 1.0% 3.6%
Turkmenistan 125 129 137 143 145 143 144 145 146 140
146
4.5% 1.6% 0.2%
Uzbekistan 104 88 83 82 83 86 87 95 95 83
90
8.8% -1.5% 0.1%
Other CIS 65 75 78 76 78 86 82 96 89 77
84
8.6% 2.5% 0.1%
Total CIS 3920 4025 4020 4168 4029 4140 4152 4259 4331 4069
4307
5.9% 0.9% 4.6%
Iran 1715 1762 1879 1765 1580 1579 1656 1728 1784 1673
1690
1.0% -0.1% 1.8%
Iraq 564 619 688 650 630 687 720 847 720 629
722
14.8% 2.5% 0.8%
Israel 233 274 212 199 211 216 226 229 231 200
209
4.6% -1.1% 0.2%
Kuwait 467 467 477 488 475 449 470 481 471 441
450
1.9% -0.4% 0.5%
Oman 146 157 178 185 184 187 224 232 224 190
209
9.8% 3.6% 0.2%
Qatar 244 260 303 312 356 369 335 347 369 296
311
5.1% 2.5% 0.3%
Saudi Arabia 3285 3451 3444 3779 3901 3962 3870 3762 3691 3552
3595
1.2% 0.9% 3.8%
United Arab Emirates 723 766 847 858 927 1021 1006 1004 972 855
952
11.4% 2.8% 1.0%
Other Middle East 735 696 653 652 566 535 570 552 541 482
502
4.1% -3.7% 0.5%
Total Middle East 8112 8451 8681 8889 8829 9005 9078 9182 9004 8318
8640
3.9% 0.6% 9.2%
Algeria 349 370 387 401 425 412 408 416 431 385
403
4.7% 1.4% 0.4%
Egypt 740 750 759 791 810 836 801 721 686 598
648
8.3% -1.3% 0.7%
Morocco 275 277 282 272 268 275 291 287 293 258
286
10.8% 0.4% 0.3%
South Africa 532 542 552 544 601 576 576 575 569 465
502
7.9% -0.6% 0.5%
Eastern Africa 447 466 492 513 559 569 604 626 626 549
588
7.1% 2.8% 0.6%
Middle Africa 230 251 284 298 290 267 252 251 262 239
257
7.6% 1.1% 0.3%
Western Africa 543 573 594 555 563 623 679 787 801 790
856
8.4% 4.7% 0.9%
Other Northern Afri ca 263 332 347 358 318 295 303 308 318 269
326
21.0% 2.1% 0.3%
Other Southe rn Africa 49 51 54 56 57 56 57 58 59 54
56
3.4% 1.3% 0.1%
Total Africa 3428 3612 3752 3788 3891 3910 3970 4030 4046 3608
3922
8.7%
1.4% 4.2%
Australia 980 1001 1031 1025 1015 1016 1063 1076 1064 916
943
3.0% -0.4% 1.0%
Bangladesh 104 110 108 120 127 138 156 178 171 156
179
14.6% 5.6% 0.2%
China 9630 10061 10563 11018 11890 12297 13003 13642 14321 14408
15442
7.2% 4.8% 16.4%
China Hong Kong SAR 360 344 352 335 367 380 428 434 408 285
255
-10.5% -3.4% 0.3%
India 3475 3674 3717 3832 4147 4544 4724 4974 5150 4701
4878
3.8% 3.5% 5.2%
Indonesia 1530 1612 1572 1572 1505 1454 1565 1616 1578 1398
1471
5.2% -0.4% 1.6%
Japan 4410 4676 4499 4283 4116 3983 3949 3815 3692 3269
3341
2.2% -2.7% 3.6%
Malaysia 696 757 802 803 753 839 797 804 868 749
763
1.8% 0.9% 0.8%
New Zealand 152 150 152 155 161 165 175 174 178 147
144
-1.9% -0.6% 0.2%
Pakistan 414 402 442 458 505 566 589 498 446 437
503
15.1% 2.0% 0.5%
Philippines 292 301 316 336 384 413 445 450 459 378
412
9.1% 3.5% 0.4%
Singapore 1208 1202 1217 1259 1329 1372 1405 1432 1403 1343
1330
-1.0% 1.0% 1.4%
South Korea 2388 2466 2476 2473 2586 2811 2804 2800 2789 2630
2813
6.9% 1.6% 3.0%
Sri Lanka 102 109 94 106 111 134 130 126 135 123
119
-3.3% 1.5% 0.1%
Taiwan 961 950 987 1017 1041 1047 1032 1039 986 946
989
4.5% 0.3% 1.1%
Thailand 1140 1201 1216 1227 1265 1294 1336 1362 1374 1214
1214
◆
0.6% 1.3%
Vi etnam 358 362 375 397 482 524 552 581 599 493
464
-5.8% 2.6% 0.5%
Other A sia Pacific 322 333 352 378 424 432 434 486 510 524
546
4.2% 5.4% 0.6%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 28522 29709 30273 30795 32211 33410 34586 35486 36131 34117
35806
4.9% 2.3% 38.1%
Total World 87433 88547 89897 90592 92464 94169 95924 97490 97747 88746 94088 6.0% 0.7% 100.0%
of which: OECD 45155 44716 44746 44317 45026 45522 45952 46420 46070 40360
42941
6.4% -0.5% 45.6%
Non-OECD 42278 43831 45151 46275 47439 48647 49972 51070 51677 48386
51147
5.7% 1.9% 54.4%
European Union 11637 11157 10955 10749 10913 11090 11319 11345 11307 9853
10421
5.8% -1.1% 11.1%
* Inland demand plus international aviation and marine bunkers and refinery fuel and loss. Consumption of biogasoline (such as ethanol), biodiesel and derivatives of coal and natural gas are
excluded. Derivatives of coal and natural gas are included.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: Differences between these world consumption figures and world production statistics are accounted for by stock changes, consumption of non-petroleum additives and substitute
fuels, and unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of oil supply and demand data.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
21
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Oil: Consumption in exajoules*
Exajoules 2011 2012 2 013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20222021 2011-21
Canada 4.58 4.64 4.62 4.61 4.63 4.61 4.57 4.73 4.70 4.11
4.17
1.7% -0.9% 2.3%
Mexico 3.97 4.04 3.93 3.75 3.70 3.73 3.59 3.51 3.24 2.47
2.56
4.1% -4.3% 1.4%
US 34.90 34.10 34.66 34.90 35.61 35.86 36.21 37.08 37.02 32.52
35.33
8.9% 0.1% 19.2%
Total N orth America 43.45 42.78 43.20 43.26 43.94 44.21 44.38 45.32 44.96 39.10
42.06
7.9% -0.3% 22.8%
Argentina 1.22 1.30 1.38 1.37 1.39 1.35 1.34 1.27 1.17 1.07
1.23
14.8%
◆
0.7%
Brazil 4.83 5.00 5.27 5.44 4.94 4.70 4.75 4.51 4.54 4.22
4.46
5.9% -0.8% 2.4%
Chile 0.76 0.76 0.73 0.71 0.72 0.76 0.73 0.76 0.77 0.70
0.73
4.6% -0.4% 0.4%
Colombia 0.52 0.57 0.56 0.59 0.63 0.65 0.63 0.65 0.69 0.56
0.70
26.3% 3.0% 0.4%
Ecuador 0.46 0.47 0.50 0.53 0.51 0.48 0.47 0.51 0.49 0.40
0.49
24.1% 0.7% 0.3%
Peru 0.42 0.42 0.44 0.43 0.46 0.49 0.51 0.52 0.54 0.41
0.52
27.5% 2.1% 0.3%
Trinidad & Tobago 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.07 0.06
0.05
-10.0% -5.1%
◆
Venezuela 1.46 1.59 1.71 1.52 1.42 1.08 1.00 0.82 0.69 0.57
0.59
4.2% -8.6% 0.3%
Central America 0.77 0.78 0.78 0.81 0.88 0.91 0.92 0.87 0.94 0.78
0.89
13.2% 1.4% 0.5%
Other Caribbean 1.36 1.32 1.26 1.23 1.28 1.33 1.29 1.32 1.30 1.08
1.20
11.7% -1.2% 0.7%
Other South America 0.38 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.40 0.43 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.43
0.46
8.6% 1.9% 0.3%
Total S. & Cent. America 12.27 12.68 13.12 13.11 12.74 12.28 12.16 11.77 11.65 10.26
11.31
10.5% -0.8% 6.1%
Austria 0.51 0.51 0.53 0.50 0.50 0.52 0.53 0.53 0.55 0.48
0.49
2.7% -0.4% 0.3%
Belgium 1.29 1.24 1.28 1.26 1.30 1.32 1.34 1.42 1.33 1.15
1.30
13.1%
◆
0.7%
Bulgaria 0.16 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.19
0.20
5.5% 1.9% 0.1%
Croatia 0.15 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.12
0.13
9.7% -1.1% 0.1%
Cyprus 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.09
0.10
3.4% -2.0% 0.1%
Czech Republic 0.39 0.38 0.37 0.39 0.38 0.35 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.37
0.41
10.3% 0.4% 0.2%
Denmark 0.35 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.33 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.27
0.27
0.7% -2.6% 0.1%
Estonia 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
0.06
4.0% 0.6%
◆
Finland 0.41 0.40 0.41 0.39 0.39 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.39 0.35
0.35
-0.5% -1.6% 0.2%
France 3.45 3.34 3.29 3.19 3.19 3.17 3.18
3.17 3.14 2.68
2.91
8.7% -1.7% 1.6%
Germany 4.73 4.70 4.80 4.67 4.67 4.76 4.87 4.63 4.66 4.22
4.18
-0.6% -1.2% 2.3%
Greece 0.74 0.64 0.59 0.59 0.61 0.61 0.63 0.62 0.64 0.52
0.52
0.1% -3.5% 0.3%
Hungary 0.28 0.26 0.25 0.28 0.30 0.30 0.33 0.35 0.35 0.32
0.34
6.1% 2.1% 0.2%
Iceland 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.03
0.03
2.1% -1.1%
◆
Ireland 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.32 0.32 0.27
0.28
1.9% -1.0% 0.1%
Italy 2.98 2.78 2.54 2.42 2.56 2.54 2.57 2.63 2.55 2.11
2.35
11.7% -2.4% 1.3%
Latvia 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.07
0.07
1.9% 0.2%
◆
Lithuania 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.13
0.14
4.7% 2.2% 0.1%
Luxembourg 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.10
0.11
3.4% -1.7% 0.1%
Netherlands 1.97 1.87 1.77 1.69 1.65 1.71 1.64 1.68 1.65 1.51
1.51
0.5% -2.6% 0.8%
North Macedonia 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04
0.05
16.5% 1.8%
◆
Norway 0.43 0.42 0.44 0.41 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.41 0.39 0.38
0.38
0.4% -1.3% 0.2%
Poland 1.16 1.11 1.04 1.04 1.09 1.20 1.30 1.33 1.36 1.29
1.38
7.5% 1.8% 0.7%
Portugal 0.51 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.48 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.50 0.41
0.42
3.2% -1.9% 0.2%
Romania 0.38 0.38 0.35 0.38 0.38 0.40 0.42 0.43 0.45 0.42
0.46
9.1% 1.8% 0.2%
Slovakia 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17
0.18
5.3% 0.9% 0.1%
Slove nia 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.09
0.10
6.4% -1.5% 0.1%
Spain 2.81 2.62 2.47 2.46 2.54 2.63 2.64 2.69 2.70 2.21
2.45
11.0% -1.4% 1.3%
Sweden 0.61 0.60 0.59 0.58 0.57 0.59 0.58 0.55 0.59 0.53
0.54
1.8% -1.2% 0.3%
Switzerland 0.48 0.49 0.51 0.46 0.47 0.44 0.45 0.43 0.44 0.37
0.37
0.7% -2.5% 0.2%
Turkey 1.34 1.41 1.51 1.55 1.85 1.98 2.07 2.00 2.01 1.84
1.89
3.0% 3.5% 1.0%
Ukraine 0.58 0.58 0.55 0.48 0.43 0.45 0.45 0.47 0.46 0.44
0.46
4.7% -2.3% 0.2%
United Kingdom 3.14 3.05 3.00 3.00 3.08 3.18 3.19 3.14 3.06 2.35
2.50
6.4% -2.3% 1.4%
Other Europe 0.69 0.65 0.63 0.63 0.65 0.70 0.73 0.72 0.74 0.67
0.69
2.3%
◆
0.4%
Total Europe 30.67 29.62 29.09 28.53 29.25 29.94 30.47 30.40 30.28 26.25
27.57
5.3% -1.1% 15.0%
Azerbaijan 0.17 0.18 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.21 0.18
0.19
3.9% 0.7% 0.1%
Belarus 0.36 0.44
0.33 0.34 0.28 0.30 0.30 0.35 0.36 0.34
0.33
-4.8% -0.8% 0.2%
Kazakhstan 0.55 0.59 0.60 0.62 0.58 0.60 0.62 0.66 0.67 0.59
0.63
7.0% 1.3% 0.3%
Russian Federation 6.20 6.30 6.30 6.60 6.34 6.50 6.48 6.55 6.69 6.34
6.71
6.1% 0.8% 3.6%
Turkmenistan 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.27
0.28
4.4% 1.2% 0.2%
Uzbekistan 0.22 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.16
0.17
9.4% -2.2% 0.1%
Other CIS 0.13 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.17 0.16 0.19 0.17 0.15
0.16
9.3% 2.0% 0.1%
Total CIS 7.88 8.11 8.02 8.34 8.00 8.23 8.21 8.43 8.57 8.03
8.47
5.7% 0.7% 4.6%
Iran 3.43 3.54 3.78 3.50 3.08 3.06 3.15 3.29 3.42 3.22
3.25
1.1% -0.6% 1.8%
Iraq 1.15 1.27 1.41 1.32 1.28 1.41 1.47 1.75 1.47 1.29
1.48
14.9% 2.5% 0.8%
Israel 0.47 0.56 0.42 0.39 0.42 0.43 0.45 0.45 0.46 0.40
0.41
4.5% -1.2% 0.2%
Kuwait 0.88 0.88 0.90 0.92 0.89 0.84 0.88 0.91 0.88 0.82
0.83
2.5% -0.6% 0.5%
Oman 0.29 0.32 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.39 0.46 0.47 0.46 0.39
0.42
9.2% 3.7% 0.2%
Qatar 0.36 0.38 0.46 0.48 0.57 0.59 0.53 0.55 0.60 0.45
0.49
8.0% 2.9% 0.3%
Saudi Arabia 6.03 6.34 6.36 7.02 7.29 7.36 7.14 6.90 6.78 6.54
6.59
1.1% 0.9% 3.6%
United Arab Emirates 1.44 1.51 1.67 1.67 1.78 1.95 1.93 1.92 1.87 1.62
1.81
12.4% 2.3% 1.0%
Other Middle East 1.51 1.43 1.34 1.33 1.15 1.09 1.16 1.13 1.10 0.98
1.02
3.9% -3.9% 0.6%
Total Middle East 15.56 16.22 16.69 17.02 16.85 17.13 17.18 17.37 17.04 15.70
16.30
4.1% 0.5% 8.8%
Algeria 0.69 0.74 0.77 0.80 0.85 0.83 0.81 0.83 0.85 0.76
0.79
4.2% 1.4% 0.4%
Egypt 1.49 1.52 1.54 1.62 1.66 1.71 1.62 1.45 1.37 1.18
1.28
8.9% -1.5% 0.7%
Morocco 0.55 0.56 0.56 0.54 0.52 0.54 0.57 0.55 0.56 0.49
0.55
11.8% -0.1% 0.3%
South Africa 1.10 1.13 1.15 1.13 1.25 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.18 0.96
1.04
8.2% -0.5% 0.6%
Eastern Africa 0.93 0.97 1.02 1.06 1.15 1.17 1.25 1.29 1.29 1.13
1.20
7.0% 2.6% 0.7%
Middle Africa 0.46 0.51 0.58 0.61 0.59 0.55 0.51 0.51 0.53 0.49
0.52
7.6% 1.1% 0.3%
Western Africa 1.10 1.16 1.20 1.12 1.13 1.25 1.36 1.56 1.59 1.57
1.70
8.3% 4.5% 0.9%
Other Northern Afri ca 0.54 0.69 0.72 0.73 0.65 0.60 0.62 0.63 0.65 0.55
0.67
21.5% 2.2% 0.4%
Other Southe rn Africa 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11
0.11
3.4% 1.3% 0.1%
Total Africa 6.96 7.37 7.64 7.72 7.92 7.96 8.04 8.13 8.14 7.24
7.86
8.9%
1.2% 4.3%
Australia 1.97 2.02 2.08 2.07 2.05 2.06 2.16 2.20 2.18 1.88
1.93
3.0% -0.2% 1.0%
Bangladesh 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.26 0.27 0.30 0.34 0.38 0.37 0.34
0.38
15.0% 5.8% 0.2%
China 19.41 20.36 21.27 22.11 23.80 24.56 25.86 27.12 28.49 28.74
30.60
6.7% 4.7% 16.6%
China Hong Kong SAR 0.77 0.74 0.75 0.71 0.78 0.81 0.92 0.93 0.87 0.61
0.55
-10.3% -3.4% 0.3%
India 6.91 7.33 7.38 7.59 8.20 8.99 9.26 9.68 9.99 9.08
9.41
3.9% 3.1% 5.1%
Indonesia 3.05 3.21 3.11 3.09 2.95 2.84 3.05 3.15 3.06 2.70
2.83
5.2% -0.8% 1.5%
Japan 8.78 9.37 8.96 8.51 8.17 7.93 7.81 7.56 7.32 6.49
6.61
2.2% -2.8% 3.6%
Malaysia 1.32 1.45 1.54 1.54 1.43 1.60 1.50 1.52 1.66 1.43
1.46
2.3% 1.0% 0.8%
New Zealand 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.36 0.35 0.36 0.30
0.29
-2.2% -0.7% 0.2%
Pakistan 0.88 0.86 0.94 0.97 1.06 1.18 1.22 1.02 0.90 0.88
1.02
15.8% 1.4% 0.6%
Philippines 0.59 0.61 0.64 0.68 0.77 0.83 0.89 0.89 0.91 0.75
0.82
9.9% 3.4% 0.4%
Singapore 2.68 2.67 2.69 2.76 2.91 3.02 3.10 3.14 3.05 2.96
2.93
-0.6% 0.9% 1.6%
South Korea 4.63 4.80 4.81 4.79 5.02 5.47 5.42 5.40 5.35 5.06
5.39
6.8% 1.5% 2.9%
Sri Lanka 0.21 0.23 0.19 0.22 0.23 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.28 0.25
0.24
-3.5% 1.2% 0.1%
Taiwan 1.89 1.86 1.92 1.98 2.03 2.04 2.02 2.01 1.90 1.83
1.92
5.1% 0.2% 1.0%
Thailand 2.10 2.21 2.23 2.25 2.34 2.42 2.48 2.53 2.56 2.26
2.25
-0.6% 0.7% 1.2%
Vi etnam 0.72 0.73 0.75 0.80 0.97 1.06 1.11 1.17 1.21 1.00
0.94
-5.9% 2.7% 0.5%
Other A sia Pacific 0.66 0.69 0.72 0.77 0.86 0.87 0.88 0.98 1.03 1.05
1.09
4.2% 5.1% 0.6%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 57.11 59.66 60.52 61.42 64.18 66.61 68.63 70.29 71.49 67.59
70.65
4.8% 2.1% 38.4%
Total World 173.91 176.44 178.27 179.40 182.87 186.34 189.06 191.70 192.13 174.17 184.21 6.1% 0.6% 100.0%
of which: OECD 89.44 88.72 88.21 87.24 88.59 89.74 90.28 90.97 90.20 78.75
83.62
6.5% -0.7% 45.4%
Non-OECD 84.47 87.72 90.06 92.15 94.28 96.60 98.77 100.73 101.93 95.42
100.59
5.7% 1.8% 54.6%
European Union 24.03 23.05 22.47 22.02 22.38 22.81 23.20 23.25 23.19 20.24
21.32
5.6% -1.2% 11.6%
*Inland demand plus international aviation and marine bunkers and refinery fuel and loss. Consumption of biogasoline (such as ethanol), biodiesel and derivatives of coal and natural gas are
excluded. Derivatives of coal and natural gas are included.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: Differences between these world consumption figures and world production statistics are accounted for by stock changes, consumption of non-petroleum additives and substitute fuels,
and unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of oil supply and demand data.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using exajoules figures.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
22
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Oil: Regional consumption – by product group
Thousand barrels daily 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
North America
Light distillates 9798 9687 9871 9916 10138 10296 10231 10241 10162 8694
9396
8.1% -0.4% 10.0%
of which: gasoline 9432 9356 9492 9566 9801 9967 9945 9949 9898 8456
9160
8.3% -0.3% 9.7%
of which: naphtha 366 332 379 350 337 329 285 291 264 237
236
-0.5% -4.3% 0.3%
Middle distillates 6609 6370 6429 6689 6728 6608 6768 7079 6972 5705
6172
8.2% -0.7% 6.6%
of which: di esel/gasoil 5005 4788 4798 5013 4961 4766 4848 5115 4973 4499
4644
3.2% -0.7% 4.9%
of which: jet/kerosene 1604 1582 1631 1676 1767 1842 1920 1964 1999 1206
1528
26.7% -0.5% 1.6%
Fuel oil 727 657 580 451 423 472 517 472 394 299
423
41.3% -5.3% 0.4%
Others 5324 5375 5569 5435 5592 5620 5636 5961 6085 5989
6273
4.7% 1.7% 6.7%
of which: ethane and LPG 3181 3189 3366 3292 3361 3428 3453 3789 3820 3873
3989
3.0% 2.3% 4.2%
Total N orth America 22458 22090 22448 22491 22881 22996 23153 23753 23613 20687
22264
7.6% -0.1% 23.7%
of which: US
Light distillates 8181 8094 8263 8287 8503 8613 8621 8633 8579 7419
8084
9.0% -0.1% 8.6%
of which: gasoline 7926 7858 7993 8056 8280 8394 8393 8400 8372 7235
7897
9.2%
◆
8.4%
of which: naphtha 254 236 270 231 223 219 228 233 207 185
187
1.2% -3.0% 0.2%
Middle distillates 5456 5215 5259 5519 5534 5438 5580 5815 5793 4793
5232
9.2% -0.4% 5.6%
of which: di esel/gasoil 4018 3811 3819 4040 3979 3815 3893 4103 4043 3709
3856
4.0% -0.4% 4.1%
of which: jet/kerosene 1438 1403 1440 1479 1555 1623 1687 1712 1750 1084
1376
27.0% -0.4% 1.5%
Fuel oil 459 367 317 256 258 325 341 317 275 208
313
50.4% -3.8% 0.3%
Others 3897 3905 4153 4049 4204 4216 4303 4652 4777 4763
5056
6.1% 2.6% 5.4%
of which: ethane and LPG 2295 2312 2514 2447 2493 2516 2570 2921 2967 3056
3186
4.3% 3.3% 3.4%
Total US 17993 17581 17992 18111 18499 18593 18845 19417 19424 17183
18684
8.7% 0.4% 19.9%
S. & Cent. America
Light distillates 1567 1634 1665 1682 1655 1670 1695 1591 1545 1287
1481
15.1% -0.6% 1.6%
of which: gasoline 1383 1449 1505 1526 1487 1516 1524 1441 1379 1169
1354
15.8% -0.2% 1.4%
of which: naphtha 184 185 161 156 168 154 171 150 166 118
128
8.4% -3.6% 0.1%
Middle distillates 2403 2513 2627 2638 2543 2474 2456 2465 2467 2150
2425
12.8% 0.1% 2.6%
of which: di esel/gasoil 2120 2216 2325 2318 2218 2146 2126 2120 2114 1976
2220
12.3% 0.5% 2.4%
of which: jet/kerosene 282 296 302 320
325 329 330 344 353 174
205
17.7% -3.2% 0.2%
Fuel oil 688 698 676 688 683 623 560 508 496 447
533
19.2% -2.5% 0.6%
Others 1409 1420 1522 1473 1421 1318 1345 1314 1284 1216
1182
-2.8% -1.7% 1.3%
of which: ethane and LPG 716 762 772 752 739 751 753 759 705 700
723
3.2% 0.1% 0.8%
Total S. & Cent. America 6066 6264 6491 6481 6302 6085 6057 5877 5791 5100
5622
10.2% -0.8% 6.0%
of which: Brazil
Light distillates 636 683 695 717 677 686 719 625 635 559
612
9.5% -0.4% 0.7%
of which: gasoline 468 514 549 575 522 541 556 483 481 450
495
10.1% 0.6% 0.5%
of which: naphtha 168 169 147 142 155 145 163 142 154 109
117
7.1% -3.6% 0.1%
Middle distillates 1021 1086 1134 1163 1045 984 985 990 1006 938
1028
9.7% 0.1% 1.1%
of which: di esel/gasoil 901 961 1009 1034 918 867 870 867 885 877
953
8.7% 0.6% 1.0%
of which: jet/kerosene 120 126 125 129 127 116 115 124 120 61
76
24.0% -4.5% 0.1%
Fuel oil 126 126 139 161 149 112 110 90 91 94
114
20.9% -1.0% 0.1%
Others 651 624 687 687 618 589 592 588 572 542
497
-8.4% -2.7% 0.5%
of which: ethane and LPG 319 337 359 341 328 329 334 343 333 332
328
-1.2% 0.3% 0.3%
Total Brazil 2434 2519 2656 2729 2488 2370 2407 2293 2303 2134
2252
5.5% -0.8% 2.4%
Europe
Light distillates 3197 3047 2961 2889 2814 2830 2860 2845 2820 2567
2790
8.7% -1.4% 3.0%
of which: gasoline 2201 2084 2015 1983 1932 1934 1939 2008 2038 1756
1901
8.2% -1.5% 2.0%
of which: naphtha 996 963 947 906 881 897 921 837 782 810
889
9.8% -1.1% 0.9%
Middle distillates 7511 7363 7447 7384 7741 7888 8118 8137 8193 6777
7170
5.8% -0.5% 7.6%
of which: di esel/gasoil 6256 6137 6199 6105 6396 6498 6643 6598 6623 6036
6318
4.7% 0.1% 6.7%
of which: jet/kerosene 1255 1226 1247 1278 1344 1390 1475 1540 1570 741
853
15.1% -3.8% 0.9%
Fuel oil 1280 1159 1033 960 915 953 967 978 942 779
798
2.4% -4.6% 0.8%
Others 2940 2826 2790 2748 2852 2951 2983 2944 2876 2724
2769
1.7% -0.6% 2.9%
of which: ethane and LPG 1216 1177 1293 1307 1319 1368 1403 1424 1384 1288
1303
1.2% 0.7% 1.4%
Total Europe 14927 14396 14232 13980 14321 14622 14928 14903 14831 12846
13527
5.3% -1.0% 14.4%
of which: European Union
Light distillates 2534 2412 2354 2314 2249 2264 2298 2304 2274 2097
2290
9.2% -1.0% 2.4%
of which: gasoline 1602 1516 1470 1466 1441 1448 1463 1543 1574 1360
1465
7.7% -0.9% 1.6%
of which: naphtha 931 896 884 848 808 817 835 762 700 737
825
11.9% -1.2% 0.9%
Middle distillates 5785 5598 5627 5537 5770 5872 6029 6049 6116 5106
5400
5.8% -0.7% 5.7%
of which: di esel/gasoil 4947 4782 4809 4713 4913 4973 5068 5036 5080 4637
4837
4.3% -0.2% 5.1%
of which: jet/kerosene 837 816 817 824 858 898 961 1012 1036 468
563
20.3% -3.9% 0.6%
Fuel oil 1109 1005 886 821 785 822 825 851 825 689
704
2.3% -4.4% 0.7%
Others 2209 2141 2088 2076 2109 2132 2167 2141 2092 1961
2027
3.3% -0.9% 2.2%
of which: ethane and LPG 830 832 927 934 925 940 972 990 959 888
920
3.6% 1.0% 1.0%
Total European Union 11637 11157 10955 10749 10913 11090 11319 11345 11307 9853
10421
5.8% -1.1% 11.1%
CIS
Light distillates 1209 1241 1214 1223 1203 1202 1204 1233 1214 1125
1216
8.1% 0.1% 1.3%
of which: gasoline 1000 1050 1075 1087 1058 1060 1054 1064 1046 958
1048
9.3% 0.5% 1.1%
of which: naphtha 209 192 139 135 144 142 151 169 167 167
169
1.3% -2.1% 0.2%
Middle distillates 1288 1306 1406 1426 1356 1373 1432 1460 1495 1362
1476
8.4% 1.4% 1.6%
of which: di esel/gasoil 976 988 1095 1136 1087 1029 1049 1106 1152 1067
1152
8.0% 1.7% 1.2%
of which: jet/kerosene 312 318 311 289 269 344 383 354 343 295
324
10.0% 0.4% 0.3%
Fuel oil 359 357 398 467 380 401 340 357 376 322
302
-6.3% -1.7% 0.3%
Others 1064 1120 1003 1053 1090 1164 1176 1209 1246 1260
1313
4.2% 2.1% 1.4%
of which: ethane and LPG 453 480 614 634 688 736 741 760 792 812
858
5.7% 6.6% 0.9%
Total CIS 3920 4025 4020 4168 4029 4140 4152 4259 4331 4069
4307
5.9% 0.9% 4.6%
Middle East
Light distillates 1727 1816 1884 1965 1994 2027 2143 2154 2207 1877
2069
10.2% 1.8% 2.2%
of which: gasoline 1417 1495 1587 1613 1639 1678 1790 1831 1833 1498
1656
10.6% 1.6% 1.8%
of which: naphtha 311 321 297 352 355 349 352 323 375 379
412
8.8% 2.9% 0.4%
Middle distillates 2406 2494 2637 2556 2477 2396 2293 2244 2353 2016
2097
4.0% -1.4% 2.2%
of which: di esel/gasoil 1978 2051 2130 2067 1902 1795 1719 1683 1778 1694
1709
0.9% -1.5% 1.8%
of which: jet/kerosene 428 442 507 490 575 601 574 562 574 322
388
20.3% -1.0% 0.4%
Fuel oil 1941 1993 2042 2129 2095 2119 2098 2117 1941 1926
1975
2.6% 0.2% 2.1%
Others 2037 2148 2117 2239 2264 2463 2544 2667 2503 2499
2500
◆
2.1% 2.7%
of which: ethane and LPG 1737 1842 1805 1893
1907 2042 2107 2138 2061 2051
2088
1.8% 1.9% 2.2%
Total Middle East 8112 8451 8681 8889 8829 9005 9078 9182 9004 8318
8640
3.9% 0.6% 9.2%
Africa
Light distillates 813 876 894 910 988 1059 1097 1202 1222 1113
1230
10.5% 4.2% 1.3%
of which: gasoline 806 873 890 904 984 1054 1091 1195 1215 1107
1223
10.5% 4.3% 1.3%
of which: naphtha 7 3 4 6 5 6 7 7 7 6
7
8.4% -0.4%
◆
Middle distillates 1658 1725 1827 1864 1906 1853 1891 1900 1918 1679
1836
9.3% 1.0% 2.0%
of which: di esel/gasoil 1350 1415 1511 1564 1629 1591 1622 1634 1659 1520
1660
9.2% 2.1% 1.8%
of which: jet/kerosene 308 310 316 300 277 262 269 267 259 159
175
10.4% -5.5% 0.2%
Fuel oil 381 424 429 427 408 403 380 320 281 203
224
10.2% -5.2% 0.2%
Others 576 587 603 587 590 595 602 608 625 614
633
3.1% 0.9% 0.7%
of which: ethane and LPG 397 402 412 403 408 417 436 446 454 455
469
3.1% 1.7% 0.5%
Total Africa 3428 3612 3752 3788 3891 3910 3970 4030 4046 3608
3922
8.7% 1.4% 4.2%
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Table continues on next page.
23
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Oil: Regional consumption – by product group (continued)
Thousand barrels daily 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Asia Pacific
Light distillates 8366 8800 9313 9575 10383 10690 11043 11347 11616 11021
11886
7.8% 3.6% 12.6%
of which: gasoline 4843 5110 5489 5601 6155 6399 6591 6850 7093 6487
6898
6.3% 3.6% 7.3%
of which: naphtha 3523 3690 3823 3974 4228 4291 4451 4497 4523 4535
4988
10.0% 3.5% 5.3%
Middle distillates 10338 10788 10950 11026 11308 11449 11815 12169 12418 10742
11096
3.3% 0.7% 11.8%
of which: di esel/gasoil 8116 8533 8627 8658 8854 8843 9083 9324 9546 8826
9233
4.6% 1.3% 9.8%
of which: jet/kerosene 2222 2256 2323 2368 2454 2606 2732 2845 2872 1916
1863
-2.8% -1.7% 2.0%
Fuel oil 3090 3215 2961 2796 2779 2818 2702 2540 2320 2295
2456
7.0% -2.3% 2.6%
Others 6727 6905 7050 7399 7740 8453 9026 9430 9777 10059
10368
3.1% 4.4% 11.0%
of which: ethane and LPG 2988 3065 3159 3348 3469 3857 4117 4344 4425 4314
4558
5.6% 4.3% 4.8%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 28522 29709 30273 30795 32211 33410 34586 35486 36131 34117
35806
4.9% 2.3% 38.1%
of which: China
Light distillates 2549 2731 3057 3269 3716 3889 4060 4324 4571 4476
4976
11.2% 6.9% 5.3%
of which: gasoline 1738 1863 2143 2236 2601 2699 2791 2978 3125 2921
3222
10.3% 6.4% 3.4%
of which: naphtha 811 868 914 1032 1115 1190 1269 1346 1446 1555
1754
12.8% 8.0% 1.9%
Middle distillates 3655 3947 4049 4094 4197 4142 4257 4421 4642 4283
4453
4.0% 2.0% 4.7%
of which: di esel/gasoil 3196 3453 3503 3506 3538 3403 3440 3515 3674 3499
3669
4.9% 1.4% 3.9%
of which: jet/kerosene 459 495 546 588 659 739 817 906 967 784
783
-0.1% 5.5% 0.8%
Fuel oil 588 560 564 584 591 558 530 532 574 602
668
11.0% 1.3% 0.7%
Others 2839 2823 2894 3071 3386 3708 4157 4366 4534 5046
5345
5.9% 6.5% 5.7%
of which: ethane and LPG 803 798 871 998 1120 1310 1456 1531 1539 1507
1712
13.6% 7.9% 1.8%
Total China 9630 10061 10563 11018 11890 12297 13003 13642 14321 14408
15442
7.2% 4.8% 16.4%
of which: India
Light distillates 545 583 603 622 726 778 777 813 848 804
871
8.3% 4.8% 0.9%
of which: gasoline 302 321 353 382 441 490 539 575 623 559
627
12.0% 7.6% 0.7%
of which: naphtha 243 262 250 240 285 288 238 238 225 245
244
-0.3%
◆
0.3%
Middle distillates 1599 1684 1683 1692 1772 1846 1876 1955 1964 1609
1726
7.3% 0.8% 1.8%
of which: di esel/gasoil 1299 1404 1408 1416 1491 1571 1627 1701 1728 1477
1585
7.3% 2.0% 1.7%
of which: jet/kerosene 300 279 274 276
280 274 249 254 235 132
140
6.4% -7.3% 0.1%
Fuel oil 178 147 117 107 113 136 122 120 114 104
110
5.8% -4.7% 0.1%
Others 1152 1260 1314 1411 1536 1785 1949 2086 2225 2184
2172
-0.6% 6.5% 2.3%
of which: ethane and LPG 534 548 558 613 661 750 858 971 1047 1065
1088
2.2% 7.4% 1.2%
Total India 3475 3674 3717 3832 4147 4544 4724 4974 5150 4701
4878
3.8% 3.5% 5.2%
of which: Japan
Light distillates 1605 1589 1611 1551 1584 1537 1553 1484 1471 1342
1382
2.9% -1.5% 1.5%
of which: gasoline 973 975 944 914 904 894 879 864 840 770
764
-0.8% -2.4% 0.8%
of which: naphtha 632 614 666 637 680 642 675 621 631 572
618
8.0% -0.2% 0.7%
Middle distillates 1342 1358 1345 1321 1286 1293 1300 1281 1271 1093
1097
0.4% -2.0% 1.2%
of which: di esel/gasoil 816 821 817 803 786 786 782 782 771 722
727
0.8% -1.1% 0.8%
of which: jet/kerosene 526 537 528 517 500 507 518 500 500 372
370
-0.5% -3.5% 0.4%
Fuel oil 575 826 649 535 431 365 278 260 199 182
216
18.6% -9.3% 0.2%
Others 887 903 895 876 816 788 817 790 751 650
646
-0.7% -3.1% 0.7%
of which: ethane and LPG 496 536 508 492 443 419 424 402 354 333
339
1.8% -3.7% 0.4%
Total Japan 4410 4676 4499 4283 4116 3983 3949 3815 3692 3269
3341
2.2% -2.7% 3.6%
World
Light distillates 26677 27103 27802 28160 29174 29775 30273 30613 30786 27683
30068
8.6% 1.2% 32.0%
of which: gasoline 21082 21417 22053 22280 23057 23608 23935 24338 24502 21431
23238
8.4% 1.0% 24.7%
of which: naphtha 5595 5685 5750 5879 6117 6167 6338 6274 6284 6252
6829
9.2% 2.0% 7.3%
Middle distillates 32213 32559 33322 33582 34058 34042 34774 35454 35817 30431
32272
6.0%
◆
34.3%
of which: di esel/gasoil 25802 26129 26686 26860 27047 26668 27091 27579 27846 25618
26936
5.1% 0.4% 28.6%
of which: jet/kerosene 6411 6430 6636 6721 7011 7374 7682 7875 7971 4813
5336
10.9% -1.8% 5.7%
Fuel oil 8466 8503 8120 7917 7684 7789 7565 7291 6749 6272
6711
7.0% -2.3% 7.1%
Others 20077 20382 20653 20934 21548 22563 23312 24133 24396 24360
25038
2.8% 2.2% 26.6%
of which: ethane and LPG 10687 10916 11420 11630 11892 12600 13010 13660 13642 13493
13988
3.7% 2.7% 14.9%
Total World 87433 88547 89897 90592 92464 94169 95924 97490 97747 88746 94088 6.0% 0.7% 100.0%
OECD
Light distillates 16151 15978 16114 16084 16345 16533 16606 16520 16386 14356
15507
8.0% -0.4% 16.5%
of which: gasoline 13155 12980 13045 13074 13293 13474 13453 13518 13491 11614
12514
7.7% -0.5% 13.3%
of which: naphtha 2997 2998 3069 3010 3051 3059 3153 3002 2895 2742
2993
9.2%
◆
3.2%
Middle distillates 16569 16267 16418 16612 17039 17117 17546 17885 17827 14740
15644
6.1% -0.6% 16.6%
of which: di esel/gasoil 12824 12554 12637 12760 13030 12954 13201 13433 13310 12164
12642
3.9% -0.1% 13.4%
of which: jet/kerosene 3745 3714 3782 3852 4009 4163 4345 4451 4517 2576
3002
16.5% -2.2% 3.2%
Fuel oil 2771 2852 2455 2100 1931 1979 1896 1839 1624 1371
1550
13.0% -5.6% 1.6%
Others 9664 9619 9758 9521 9711 9893 9905 10176 10233 9892
10239
3.5% 0.6% 10.9%
of which: ethane and LPG 5223 5236 5494 5400 5426 5563 5610 5946 5913 5854
5998
2.4% 1.4% 6.4%
Total OECD 45155 44716 44746 44317 45026 45522 45952 46420 46070 40360
42941
6.4% -0.5% 45.6%
Non-OECD
Light distillates 10526 11124 11688 12075 12829 13242 13667 14092 14400 13326
14560
9.3% 3.3% 15.5%
of which: gasoline 7927 8437 9007 9206 9763 10134 10481 10820 11011 9816
10725
9.3% 3.1% 11.4%
of which: naphtha 2599 2687 2681 2869 3066 3108 3186 3272 3389 3510
3836
9.3% 4.0% 4.1%
Middle distillates 15644 16292 16904 16970 17019 16925 17228 17569 17990 15691
16628
6.0% 0.6% 17.7%
of which: di esel/gasoil 12978 13575 14049 14101 14017 13714 13890 14145 14536 13454
14294
6.2% 1.0% 15.2%
of which: jet/kerosene 2666 2717 2854 2869 3002 3211 3338 3424 3454 2237
2334
4.3% -1.3% 2.5%
Fuel oil 5695 5652 5665 5818 5752 5809 5669 5452 5125 4900
5161
5.3% -1.0% 5.5%
Others 10413 10763 10895 11412 11838 12670 13407 13957 14163 14468
14798
2.3% 3.6% 15.7%
of which: ethane and LPG 5464 5680 5926 6230 6466 7037 7400 7714 7729 7639
7990
4.6% 3.9% 8.5%
Total N on-OECD 42278 43831 45151 46275 47439 48647 49972 51070 51677 48386
51147
5.7% 1.9% 54.4%
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: ‘Light distillates’ consists of aviation and motor gasolines and light distillate feedstock (LDF).
‘Middle distillates’ consists of jet and heating kerosenes, and gas and diesel oils (including marine bunkers).
‘Fuel o il’ includes marine bunkers and crude oil use d directly for fuel.
‘Others’ consists of refinery gas, solvents, petroleum coke, lubricants, bitumen, wax, other refined products and refinery fuel and loss.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
24
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Spot crude prices
US dollars per barrel
Dubai
$/bbl*
Brent
$/bbl†
Nigerian
Forcad os
$/bbl
West Texas
Intermediate
$ /bbl‡
1985 27.53 27.56 27.75 27.98
1986 13.10 14.43 14.46 15.05
1987 16.95 18.44 18.39 19.19
1988 13.18 14.92 15.00 15.98
1989 15.65 18.23 18.30 19.67
1990 20.26 23.73 23.85 24.46
1991 16.63 20.00 20.11 21.53
1992 17.17 19.32 19.61 20.57
1993 14.93 16.97 17.41 18.45
1994 14.74 15.82 16.25 17.21
1995 16.10 17.02 17.26 18.42
1996 18.52 20.67 21.16 22.16
1997 18.23 19.09 19.33 20.61
1998 12.21 12.72 12.62 14.39
1999 17.25 17.97 18.00 19.31
2000 26.20 28.50 28.42 30.37
2001 22.81 24.44 24.23 25.93
2002 23.74 25.02 25.04 26.16
2003 26.78 28.83 28.66 31.06
2004 33.64 38.27 38.13 41.49
2005 49.35 54.52 55.69 56.59
2006 61.50 65.14 67.07 66.04
2007 68.19 72.39 74.48 72.20
2008 94.34 97.26 101.43 100.06
2009 61.39 61.67 63.35 61.92
2010 78.06 79.50 81.05 79.45
2011 106.18 111.26 113.65 95.04
2012 109.08 111.67 114.21 94.13
2 013 105.47 108.66 111.95 97.99
2014 97.07 98.95 101.35 93.28
2015 51.20 52.39 54.41 48.71
2016 41.19 43.73 44.54 43.34
2017 53.13 54.19 54.31 50.79
2018 69.51 71.31 72.47 65.20
2019 63.43 64.21 64.95 57.03
2020 42.41 41.84 42.31 39.25
2021 68.91 70.91 69.76 68.10
*198 5 Arabian Light, 198 6-2021 Dubai dated. Source: S&P Global Platts, © 2021, S&P Global Inc.
†1985-2021 Brent dated.
‡1985-2021 Spot WTI (Cushing) prices.
1861-1944 US average.
1945-1983 Arabian Light posted at Ras Tanura.
1984-2021 Brent dated.
$2021 (deflated using the Consumer Price Index for the US).
$ 2021 (deflated using the Consumer Price Index for the US)
$ money of the day
East Texas field
discovered
1861-69 1870-79 1880-89 1890-99 1900-09 1910-19 1920-29 1930-39 1940-49 1950-59 1960-69 1970-79 1980-89 1990-99 2000-09 2010-19 2020-29
Discovery of
Spindletop,
Texas
Post-war reconstruction
Suez crisis
Iranian revolution
Iraq
invaded
Kuwait
Growth of Venezuelan
production
Loss of Iranian
supplies
Netback
pricing
introduced
Asian financial crisis
Yom Kippur war
Russian
oil exports
began
Sumatra
production
began
Fears of shortage in US
Pennsylvanian
oil boom
Invasion
of Iraq
‘Arab
Spring’
COVID-19
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
140
120
130
0
Crude oil prices 1861-2021
US dollars per barrel
World events
25
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Oil: Refinery throughput
Thousand barrels daily* 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 1681 1753 1719 1615 1640 1594 1757 1653 1822 1585
1653
4.3% -0.2% 2.1%
Mexico 1166 1199 1223 1155 1064 933 767 612 592 591
712
20.6% -4.8% 0.9%
US 14806 14999 15312 15848 16188 16187 16590 16969 16563 14212
15148
6.6% 0.2% 19.1%
Total N orth America 17653 17951 18254 18618 18892 18714 19114 19234 18977 16387
17513
6.9% -0.1% 22.1%
Argentina 516 530 527 526 536 511 500 470 476 417
472
13.1% -0.9% 0.6%
Brazil 1813 1889 2035 2085 1972 1812 1741 1733 1751 1769
1818
2.8%
◆
2.3%
Chile 173 164 174 174 165 163 172 172 186 172
177
3.2% 0.3% 0.2%
Colombia 306 305 284 247 244 339 355 383 384 330
364
10.3% 1.7% 0.5%
Curacao – 165 170 189 178 156 84 29 4 –
–
– – –
Ecuador 156 152 141 125 121 150 156 159 142 116
146
25.7% -0.6% 0.2%
Netherlands Antilles 164 – – – – – – – – –
–
– -100.0% 0.0%
Peru 193 190 186 188 188 194 213 209 192 105
138
31.0% -3.3% 0.2%
Trinidad & Tobago 137 107 132 105 125 148 131 99 – –
–
– -100.0% 0.0%
Venezuela 991 936 952 920 863 654 544 306 135 123
169
36.8% -16.2% 0.2%
Other S. & Cent. America 704 326 286 277 275 231 197 246 238 245
281
14.7% -8.8% 0.4%
Total S. & Cent. America 5153 4764 4887 4836 4667 4359 4093 3805 3509 3277
3565
8.8% -3.6% 4.5%
Austria 168 170 174 173 179 164 162 180 183 162
166
2.5% -0.1% 0.2%
Belgium 598 634 555 645 644 640 685 663 693 545
577
6.0% -0.4% 0.7%
Bulgaria 102 118 113 104 121 125 136 118 137 97
84
-13.5% -1.9% 0.1%
Czech Republic 143 145 134 151 145 109 158 151 158 122
143
17.5%
◆
0.2%
Denmark 137 153 144 139 147 140 151 152 154 142
153
7.5% 1.1% 0.2%
Finland 225 215 227 225 197 226 226 233 240 219
159
-27.5% -3.4% 0.2%
France 1313 1138 1117 1096 1152 1122 1149 1085 978 665
686
3.2% -6.3% 0.9%
Germany 1876 1901 1857 1833 1875 1887 1870 1775 1763 1685
1691
0.4% -1.0% 2.1%
Greece 331 410 399 416 436 464 483 489 462 445
474
6.4% 3.6% 0.6%
Hungary 132 122 120 131 130 133 131
141 137 135
134
◆
0.2% 0.2%
Ireland 59 61 57 55 68 64 64 61 51 57
61
7.0% 0.3% 0.1%
Italy 1570 1475 1259 1198 1347 1293 1399 1346 1355 1105
1223
10.7% -2.5% 1.5%
Lithuania 189 181 192 160 170 187 197 195 191 167
170
1.6% -1.1% 0.2%
Netherlands 1115 1110 1065 1090 1157 1172 1180 1192 1217 1134
1195
5.3% 0.7% 1.5%
Norway 289 287 292 274 293 230 281 305 265 237
235
-0.9% -2.0% 0.3%
Poland 482 505 488 486 532 517 508 540 546 516
497
-3.6% 0.3% 0.6%
Portugal 206 221 239 217 278 279 284 252 223 218
189
-13.4% -0.9% 0.2%
Romania 194 182 189 194 208 228 225 232 244 206
193
-6.4% -0.1% 0.2%
Slovakia 120 108 116 105 119 115 112 109 103 112
111
-0.9% -0.8% 0.1%
Spain 1051 1186 1168 1185 1306 1302 1326 1363 1318 1105
1143
3.5% 0.8% 1.4%
Sweden 374 417 332 380 401 395 392 406 337 349
366
5.1% -0.2% 0.5%
Switzerland 87 68 97 98 56 59 57 61 55 56
46
-18.4% -6.2% 0.1%
Turkey 394 398 421 406 526 531 542 472 673 655
691
5.5% 5.8% 0.9%
Ukraine 206 108 85 69 64 64 77 59 64 68
73
6.9% -9.9% 0.1%
United Kingdom 1433 1348 1197 1125 1118 1071 1073 1041 1044 880
879
-0.2% -4.8% 1.1%
Other Europe 158 132 136 128 141 148 165 166 123 110
114
3.7% -3.2% 0.1%
Total Europe 12953 12793 12173 12082 12810 12666 13032 12787 12713 11191
11453
2.3% -1.2% 14.5%
Azerbaijan 127 124 132 135 130 120 118 122 124 118
121
2.8% -0.5% 0.2%
Belarus 411 434 425 448 462 372 364 366 359 326
358
9.7% -1.4% 0.5%
Kazakhstan 326 331 341 361 342 339 355 374 392 367
391
6.4% 1.8% 0.5%
Russian Federation 5185 5438 5636 5926 5773 5715 5703 5864 5824 5504
5723
4.0% 1.0% 7.2%
Turkmenistan 164 156 146 136 127 118 125 117 122 118
113
-4.3% -3.7% 0.1%
Uzbekistan 69 62 61 50 57 57 58 70 60 57
46
-18.5% -3.9% 0.1%
Other CIS 3 2 2 4 7 8 9 11 7 4
7
58.8% 10.0%
◆
Total CIS 6286 6548 6742 7060 6899 6730 6732 6924 6889 6494
6759
4.1% 0.7% 8.5%
Bahrain 259 263 264 257 266 258 262 260 264 222
228
2.7% -1.3% 0.3%
Iran 1874 1933
2000 1941 1868 1875 1897 2087 2101 2193
2344
6.9% 2.3% 3.0%
Iraq 543 579 598 487 409 440 527 596 633 536
616
15.0% 1.3% 0.8%
Israel 218 220 221 226 232 213 223 238 242 243
242
-0.2% 1.0% 0.3%
Kuwait 852 916 873 879 905 841 686 679 663 539
643
19.1% -2.8% 0.8%
Oman 201 193 187 180 190 178 232 304 257 221
234
6.0% 1.6% 0.3%
Qatar 278 292 270 261 253 280 379 397 396 366
381
4.0% 3.2% 0.5%
Saudi Arabia 1884 1953 1876 2201 2447 2753 2802 2770 2649 2397
2766
15.4% 3.9% 3.5%
United Arab Emirates 635 638 650 643 1098 1078 1119 1096 1037 936
939
0.4% 4.0% 1.2%
Other Middle East 349 268 238 230 181 144 161 153 165 161
157
-2.6% -7.7% 0.2%
Total Middle East 7092 7254 7177 7306 7847 8059 8287 8579 8406 7814
8550
9.4% 1.9% 10.8%
Algeria 520 478 492 615 591 584 573 601 569 585
588
0.6% 1.2% 0.7%
Egypt 523 534 514 530 530 509 508 519 562 602
591
-1.8% 1.2% 0.7%
Morocco 103 111 111 105 53 – – – – –
–
– -100.0% –
Nigeria 108 92 97 64 22 62 81 35 7 0
3
743.8% -30.7%
◆
South Africa 393 413 422 440 453 474 447 455 406 282
196
-30.4% -6.7% 0.2%
Other Africa 512 586 594 444 453 459 429 446 442 324
424
30.7% -1.9% 0.5%
Total Africa 2160 2214 2230 2197 2101 2087 2038 2056 1987 1793
1801
0.5% -1.8% 2.3%
Australia 627 600 588 538 427 433 419 474 465 388
286
-26.3% -7.5% 0.4%
Bangladesh 27 24 27 24 25 23 28 25 28 22
31
43.1% 1.4%
◆
China 8686 9199 9599 10165 10824 11304 11844 12574 13433 13824
14461
4.6% 5.2% 18.3%
India 4085 4302 4462 4475 4561 4930 5010 5154 5119 4493
4792
6.6% 1.6% 6.0%
Indonesia 880 820 822 848 836 885 885 916 918 826
824
-0.2% -0.6% 1.0%
Japan 3410 3400 3453 3289 3258 3280 3214 3059 3046 2492
2488
-0.2% -3.1% 3.1%
Malaysia 516 575 557 552 514 574 570 566 586 491
571
16.4% 1.0% 0.7%
New Zealand 108 109 105 101 109 107 108 103 110 76
69
-8.3% -4.3% 0.1%
Pakistan 193 192 223 232 257 242 261 275 243 210
240
14.4% 2.2% 0.3%
Philippines 190 170 158 168 212 216 211 237 180 106
79
-25.8%
-8.4% 0.1%
Singapore 1035 1020 936 839 901 929 994 974 930 798
816
2.3% -2.3% 1.0%
South Korea 2533 2582 2484 2516 2784 2928 3061 3031 2922 2679
2634
-1.7% 0.4% 3.3%
Taiwan 809 897 847 850 838 861 848 889 890 726
770
6.1% -0.5% 1.0%
Thailand 929 972 1017 961 1066 1022 1064 1093 990 982
976
-0.6% 0.5% 1.2%
Vi etnam 137 126 148 129 155 155 141 221 276 276
298
8.1% 8.1% 0.4%
Other A sia Pacific 100 89 98 95 87 103 100 97 130 247
250
1.3% 9.7% 0.3%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 24262 25076 25524 25782 26855 27993 28759 29689 30267 28635
29587
3.3% 2.0% 37.3%
Total World 75560 76600 76988 77881 80071 80608 82056 83073 82748 75591 79229 4.8% 0.5% 100.0%
of which: OECD 37321 37583 37212 37297 38387 38279 39096 38905 38476 33476
34764
3.8% -0.7% 43.9%
Non-OECD 38239 39017 39776 40584 41684 42329 42960 44169 44272 42115
44465
5.6% 1.5% 56.1%
European Union 10452 10513 10005 10029 10670 10627 10907 10755 10542 9225
9453
2.5% -1.0% 11.9%
*Atmos pheric distillation capacity on a calendar-day basis. Source: includes data from ICIS.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
26
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Oil: Refining capacity
Thousand barrels daily* 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 2005 2015 1929 1929 1931 1934 1970 1939 2054 2065
1954
-5.4% -0.3% 1.9%
Mexico 1606 1606 1606 1522 1522 1522 1546 1558 1558 1558
1558
– -0.3% 1.5%
US 17367 17823 17925 17967 18317 18617 18598 18808 18974 18143
17941
-1.1% 0.3% 17.6%
Total N orth America 20977 21443 21460 21418 21770 22073 22113 22305 22586 21766
21453
-1.4% 0.2% 21.1%
Argentina 625 657 657 657 657 657 657 580 580 580
580
– -0.7% 0.6%
Brazil 2014 2004 2097 2238 2281 2289 2285 2285 2290 2290
2303
0.5% 1.3% 2.3%
Chile 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242 242
242
– – 0.2%
Colombia 336 336 336 336 421 421 421 421 421 421
421
– 2.3% 0.4%
Curacao – 320 320 320 320 320 320 320 320 320
320
– – 0.3%
Ecuador 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175
175
– – 0.2%
Netherlands Antilles 320 – – – – – – – – –
–
– -100.0% –
Peru 252 252 253 253 253 253 253 253 253 253
276
9.1% 0.9% 0.3%
Trinidad & Tobago 170 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175
175
– 0.3% 0.2%
Venezuela 1303 1303 1303 1303 1303 1303 1303 1303 1303 1303
1303
– – 1.3%
Other S. & Cent. America 1046 490 655 670 678 678 678 678 678 858
583
-32.1% -5.7% 0.6%
Total S. & Cent. America 6483 5954 6213 6369 6505 6513 6509 6432 6437 6617
6378
-3.6% -0.2% 6.3%
Austria 193 193 193 193 193 193 193 193 193 193
193
– – 0.2%
Belgium 788 753 776 776 776 776 776 776 776 776
645
-16.9% -2.0% 0.6%
Bulgaria 195 195 195 195 195 195 195 195 195 195
195
– – 0.2%
Czech Republic 193 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175
175
– -1.0% 0.2%
Denmark 181 181 181 180 180 180 181 181 181 181
181
–
◆
0.2%
Finland 261 261 261 261 261 261 261 261 261 261
204
-22.0% -2.5% 0.2%
France 1610 1513 1375 1375 1375 1245 1245 1245 1245 1245
1140
-8.4% -3.4% 1.1%
Germany 2077 2097 2061 2077 2049 2051 2069 2062 2062 2062
2121
2.9% 0.2% 2.1%
Greece 495 498 498 498 528 528 528 528 528 528
528
– 0.6% 0.5%
Hungary 165 165 165 165 165 165 165
165 165 165
165
– – 0.2%
Ireland 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75
75
– – 0.1%
Italy 2276 2098 1861 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900
1900
– -1.8% 1.9%
Lithuania 241 241 241 241 241 241 241 241 241 241
241
– – 0.2%
Netherlands 1276 1279 1279 1279 1298 1298 1299 1299 1291 1244
1238
-0.5% -0.3% 1.2%
Norway 329 342 342 342 342 342 342 342 342 342
226
-33.9% -3.7% 0.2%
Poland 580 582 582 582 581 581 568 581 581 581
581
–
◆
0.6%
Portugal 306 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330
225
-31.8% -3.0% 0.2%
Romania 229 214 235 228 239 256 247 254 252 252
252
– 1.0% 0.2%
Slovakia 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122
122
– – 0.1%
Spain 1542 1546 1546 1546 1562 1562 1562 1564 1586 1586
1586
– 0.3% 1.6%
Sweden 454 454 454 454 454 454 454 454 454 454
454
– – 0.4%
Switzerland 140 106 140 140 68 68 68 68 68 68
68
– -7.0% 0.1%
Turkey 596 596 596 596 596 596 596 818 822 822
822
– 3.3% 0.8%
Ukraine 700 314 272 258 250 250 250 250 250 250
250
– -9.8% 0.2%
United Kingdom 1787 1526 1498 1337 1337 1227 1227 1227 1227 1251
1197
-4.3% -3.9% 1.2%
Other Europe 432 460 410 410 410 410 393 355 355 311
311
◆
-3.2% 0.3%
Total Europe 17244 16315 15863 15735 15703 15482 15460 15660 15678 15609
15094
-3.3% -1.3% 14.8%
Azerbaijan 325 325 325 325 325 325 205 120 120 120
135
12.5% -8.4% 0.1%
Belarus 460 460 460 460 460 460 490 520 520 520
520
– 1.2% 0.5%
Kazakhstan 330 330 350 350 350 350 360 390 400 400
400
– 1.9% 0.4%
Russian Federation 5673 5767 6229 6366 6472 6543 6545 6551 6676 6736
6861
1.9% 1.9% 6.7%
Turkmenistan 251 251 251 251 271 271 271 271 271 271
271
– 0.8% 0.3%
Uzbekistan 232 232 232 232 232 232 232 232 232 232
232
– – 0.2%
Other CIS 13 16 18 35 44 45 48 48 51 61
73
19.1% 18.6% 0.1%
Total CIS 7284 7381 7865 8019 8154 8226 8151 8132 8270 8340
8492
1.8% 1.5% 8.3%
Bahrain 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260
260
– – 0.3%
Iran 1950 2042
2075 2075 2075 2075 2220 2330 2495 2475
2508
1.3% 2.5% 2.5%
Iraq 935 971 917 791 763 779 779 849 919 919
919
– -0.2% 0.9%
Israel 292 292 294 301 301 301 301 301 301 301
301
– 0.3% 0.3%
Kuwait 936 936 936 936 936 936 736 736 736 800
1430
78.8% 4.3% 1.4%
Oman 222 222 222 222 222 222 304 304 304 304
304
– 3.2% 0.3%
Qatar 283 283 283 283 283 429 429 429 429 429
429
– 4.2% 0.4%
Saudi Arabia 2107 2107 2507 2899 2899 2901 2826 2835 2905 2905
2905
– 3.3% 2.9%
United Arab Emirates 707 712 712 728 1149 1149 1229 1229 1307 1331
1246
-6.4% 5.8% 1.2%
Other Middle East 496 496 496 496 496 496 496 496 496 496
496
– – 0.5%
Total Middle East 8188 8321 8702 8991 9384 9548 9580 9769 10152 10220
10798
5.7% 2.8% 10.6%
Algeria 652 652 647 651 651 651 657 657 657 657
657
– 0.1% 0.6%
Egypt 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 795 795 795
795
– -0.2% 0.8%
Morocco 131 201 201 201 201 201 201 201 201 200
200
– 4.4% 0.2%
Nigeria 446 446 446 449 449 449 449 454 460 460
475
3.3% 0.6% 0.5%
South Africa 520 520 520 520 520 520 520 520 520 520
395
-24.0% -2.7% 0.4%
Other Africa 1014 1014 724 726 726 726 706 687 687 687
697
1.5% -3.7% 0.7%
Total Africa 3573 3643 3347 3357 3357 3357 3343 3314 3320 3319
3219
-3.0% -1.0% 3.2%
Australia 742 663 662 536 443 452 454 454 455 456
235
-48.5% -10.9% 0.2%
Bangladesh 39 40 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 48
43
-10.4% 1.0%
◆
China 13015 13681 14503 15253 15024 14895 15231 15655 16199 16691
16990
1.8% 2.7% 16.7%
India 3795 4279 4319 4319 4307 4620 4699 4972 4994 5018
5018
– 2.8% 4.9%
Indonesia 1099 1099 1099 1099 1111 1111 1111 1094 1111 1094
1094
– -0.1% 1.1%
Japan 4274 4254 4123 3749 3721 3600 3343 3343 3343 3285
3285
– -2.6% 3.2%
Malaysia 601 606 612 612 612 618 625 625 625 955
955
– 4.7% 0.9%
New Zealand 136 136 136 136 136 136 136 136 136 136
135
-0.4%
◆
0.1%
Pakistan 279 275 390 390 389 389 401 401 401 411
411
– 4.0% 0.4%
Philippines 261 261 270 271 271 271 271 271 271 180
180
–
-3.7% 0.2%
Singapore 1427 1422 1414 1514 1514 1514 1514 1514 1514 1514
1461
-3.5% 0.2% 1.4%
South Korea 2864 2878 2878 3123 3128 3259 3298 3346 3393 3572
3572
– 2.2% 3.5%
Taiwan 1197 1197 1197 1197 988 988 1083 1083 1083 1131
1131
– -0.6% 1.1%
Thailand 1230 1230 1237 1252 1252 1235 1235 1235 1235 1245
1245
– 0.1% 1.2%
Vi etnam 159 159 159 159 159 163 167 367 367 367
367
– 8.7% 0.4%
Other A sia Pacific 184 184 190 197 197 197 197 197 357 357
357
– 6.8% 0.4%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 31302 32363 33231 33849 33294 33490 33808 34735 35527 36459
36478
0.1% 1.5% 35.8%
Total World 95051 95421 96681 97739 98167 98689 98965 100348 101971 102331 101912 -0.4% 0.7% 100.0%
of which: OECD 45552 45376 44881 44485 44771 44853 44684 45154 45503 44781
43730
-2.3% -0.4% 42.9%
Non-OECD 49499 50045 51800 53254 53396 53835 54280 55194 56468 57551
58182
1.1% 1.6% 57.1%
European Union 13432 13143 12777 12824 12871 12761 12757 12735 12748 12656
12310
-2.7% -0.9% 12.1%
*Atmos pheric distillation capacity at year end on a calendar-day basis. Source: includes data from ICIS.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
27
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Oil: Trade movements
Thousand barrels daily 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Imports
US 11338 10587 9859 9241 9451 10056 10147 9928 9142 7869
8478
7.7% -2.9% 12.7%
Europe 12489 12721 12920 12957 14024 14342 15012 14473 14396 13206
13522
2.4% 0.8% 20.2%
China 6295 6675 6978 7398 8333 9215 10241 11028 11861 12932
12724
-1.6% 7.3% 19.0%
India 3823 4168 4370 4155 4396 4945 4920 5196 5394 4898
5325
8.7% 3.4% 8.0%
Japan 4494 4743 4637 4383 4332 4180 4142 3940 3780 3310
3350
1.2% -2.9% 5.0%
Rest of World 17634 17812 20012 21193 22913 28491 25629 25819 25320 22701
23559
3.8% 2.9% 35.2%
Total World 56072 56706 58776 59328 63449 71230 70090 70383 69893 64916 66958 3.1% 1.8% 100.0%
Exports
Canada 2798 3056 3296 3536 3837 3889 4233 4499 4678 4425
4666
5.5% 5.2% 7.0%
Mexico 1487 1366 1347 1293 1321 1405 1289 1307 1254 1251
1234
-1.3% -1.8% 1.8%
US 2495 2682 3563 4033 4563 5077 5878 7037 8003 8128
7892
-2.9% 12.2% 11.8%
S. & Cent. America 3755 3830 3790 3939 4106 5735 3976 3736 3451 3452
2987
-13.5% -2.3% 4.5%
Europe 2139 2181 2545 2467 3064 4907 3387 3405 3236 2732
3041
11.3% 3.6% 4.5%
Russia 7448 7457 7948 7792 8444 8823 8992 8117 8122 7778
8234
5.9% 1.0% 12.3%
Other CIS 2180 1962 2166 2092 2045 2097 2236 2060 2127 2089
2120
1.5% -0.3% 3.2%
Saudi Arabia 8120 8468 8365 7911 8008 8729 8352 8574 8348 7904
7696
-2.6% -0.5% 11.5%
Middle East (ex Saudi Arabia) 12188 11742 12242 12699 13977 15902 16205 16069 14678 13531
14074
4.0% 1.4% 21.0%
North Africa 1951 2602 2127 1743 1747 1735 2600 2748 2783 1844
2664
44.5% 3.2% 4.0%
West Africa 4759 4724 4590 4849 4891 4458 4523 4558 4619 4223
3942
-6.7% -1.9% 5.9%
Asia Pacific (ex Japan) 6088 6299 6307 6450 5896 6348 6556 6442 6602 6058
6566
8.4% 0.8% 9.8%
Rest of World 663 338 491 524 1550 2124 1863 1831 1993 1502
1842
22.7% 10.8% 2.8%
Total World 56072 56706 58776 59328 63449 71230 70090 70383 69893 64916 66958 3.1% 1.8% 100.0%
Notes: Unless otherwise stated, this table shows inter-regional trade based on the regional classification in the table ‘Oil trade in 2020 and 2021’.
Bunker fuel use is not included as exports. Intra-area movements (for example, between countries within Europe) are excluded.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels daily figures.
Oil: Inter-area movements 2021
To
Crude (million tonnes)
From Canada Mexico US
S. & Cent.
America Europe Russi a
Other
CIS
Middle
East Africa Australasia China India Japan Singapore
Other
Asia
Pacific
Total
Canada – – 187.1 0.7 4.1 – – † † – 3.9 0.6 – † 1.0
197.4
Mexico – – 29.0 0.1 7.6 – – 0.1 – – 0.4 7.9 0.1 – 7.7
52.9
US 15.5 – – 8.3 51.4 † † 0.4 0.4 0.6 11.5 20.5 0.9 3.9 25.1
138.5
S. & Cent. America 0.6 † 29.2 – 11.2 † – 1.1 0.4 – 57.6 10.5 2.5 6.0 5.0
124.1
Europe 0.1 – 4.4 0.5 – † 0.1 0.2 0.2 † 21.2 3.6 0.2 0.3 5.6
36.4
Russia – – 9.9 0.7 138.7 – 15.7 – – 0.3 79.6 4.5 4.4 0.6 9.1
263.6
Other CIS 0.6 – 0.9 0.1 67.0 † – 3.5 1.0 0.2 4.8 1.2 0.1 † 7.7
87.1
Iraq – – 7.6 0.7 47.5 † † 0.9 1.3 – 54.1 52.0 0.4 0.8 10.8
176.1
Kuwait – – 1.0 – † – – † 2.6 0.1 30.2 13.6 10.5 0.5 29.8
88.4
Saudi Arabia 3.5 – 17.7 3.2 28.5 – 0.1 10.9 8.9 – 87.6 34.3 48.7 4.7 75.3
323.2
UAE – – 0.8 † 0.1 † – † 0.5 4.2 31.9 23.0 41.6 13.2 30.6
146.1
Other Middle East – – 0.1 † 1.0 – † † † † 53.9 7.4 10.8 7.3 16.4
97.0
North Africa 0.1 – 5.4 1.6 57.8 – 0.1 0.9 † 0.4 6.7 4.5 0.5 0.5 7.0
85.4
West Africa 3.5 – 9.7 5.6 51.7 † † 3.5 6.6 1.5 59.9 24.5 – 3.1 17.6
187.4
East & S. Africa † – 0.4 0.1 0.9 † – † † – 0.7 1.7 0.2 0.1 0.5
4.8
Australasia † – – † † – – 0.2 † – 0.5 – 0.2 2.5 5.7
9.2
China – – – – – – – – – – – 0.1 – 0.1 1.4
1.6
India – – – † † – – † † † – – – † †
0.1
Japan † – – † † – – – † – – 0.1 – – 0.3
0.4
Singapore – – – † † – – † † 0.6 – – – – 0.4
1.0
Other A sia Pacific † – 1.2 † 0.1 – – 0.2 0.1 6.9 21.7 3.7 1.0 3.3 –
38.2
Total imports 23.9 † 304.7 21.8 467.7 † 15.9 21.8 22.1 14.9 526.0 213.7 122.1 47.0 257.1 2058.9
Product (million tonnes)
From
Canada – 0.2 27.9 1.6 0.4 † † † † † 1.2 † 1.7 † 0.5
33.5
Mexico † – 6.1 0.9 0.1 – † † 0.1 † † † – 1.0 †
8.2
US 25.0 55.6 – 71.0 26.4 † † 1.6 7.6 1.0 14.4 9.5 12.4 1.6 18.2
244.4
S. & Cent. America 0.2 0.5 6.6 – 3.9 † † 0.4 3.1 † 1.0 0.1 0.9 4.8 2.2
23.6
Europe 4.7 1.5 23.2 10.0 – 0.3 1.0 12.2 42.2 0.1 1.3 1.6 0.8 6.5 5.1
110.5
Russia 0.3 † 22.6 3.3 75.9 – 4.7 8.8 4.4 † 3.2 2.1 0.6 3.7 10.8
140.7
Other CIS † † 0.7 0.1 13.8 0.9 – 0.3 0.7 † 0.3 0.1 – † 0.8
17.7
Iraq † – 0.3 † 1.4 † † 0.5 † – 0.5 2.9 0.1 2.4 4.3
12.3
Kuwait † – 0.6 0.1 2.3 – † 3.6 2.4 † 1.8 2.5 2.0 0.5 8.5
24.3
Saudi Arabia † – 3.5 1.1 10.9 † † 5.6 12.5 † 2.9 7.9 1.7 2.2 9.5
57.7
UAE † – 1.1 2.0 6.4 † † 8.9 12.9 0.6 7.3 10.0 4.4 8.9 24.3
86.7
Other Middle East 0.1 † 1.7 1.0 6.0 † 0.9 10.3 6.8 † 7.7 7.1 5.0 2.7 13.2
62.4
North Africa † – 2.6 0.7 30.8 † † 0.8 0.4 † 1.9 0.1 0.7 2.6 4.8
45.4
West Africa † † 1.2 1.6 1.5 † † † 0.6 † 2.7 † – 0.2 0.8
8.6
East & S. Africa † † † 0.2 0.2 † † 1.3 0.5 † 0.3 † † 0.2 0.1
2.7
Australasia † † – 0.1 0.9 † † 0.1 0.1 – 1.3 0.1 1.4 0.8 0.7
5.4
China 0.2 0.5 0.2 5.7 3.3 † 0.1 1.7 4.5 0.1 – 0.6 0.7 10.5 32.6
60.6
India 0.1 † 4.8 3.5 8.3 † † 16.1 12.5 2.7 0.5 – 1.1 5.2 14.6
69.3
Japan † 0.2 1.0 0.6 0.7 † † † † 0.1 1.2 0.1 – 1.8 5.2
11.0
Singapore † 0.2 1.5 0.6 0.7 † † 1.2 1.1 8.5 7.0 1.8 0.3 – 45.9
68.9
Other A sia Pacific 0.1 0.2 7.3 1.9 3.8 0.5 0.2 3.4 5.8 13.0 46.9 2.8 9.2 36.2 –
131.2
Total imports 30.6 59.0 112.9 105.8 197.5 1.9 6.9 76.9 118.0 26.2 103.4 49.4 43.0 91.8 202.1 1225.2
†Less than 0.05.
Notes: Does not include biofuels trade. Bunker fuel use is not included as exports. Intra-area movements (for example, between countries within Europe) are excluded.
Crude imports and exports include condensates.
28
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
53
.
2
214.6
6
6
4.6
4.6
2
1.
3
4.9
1
1
1
114
114
88.3
83
83
8
88
3
96.3
96
96
22.5
5
.5
20.4
4
4
2
77.
8
2
1
1
22.1
22.1
1
1
3
4.
0
1
1
130.0
13
68
.
6
39.6
6
20
7.7
46.4
46
46 4
46.4
8
2.
9
27.6
3
5.
8
6
2.
6
2
4.
5
58
.
6
88
8.6
8
8
2
15.0
8
0.
8
79.3
35.2
55.6
40.5
43
.
3
25
.
9
30
.
1
2
1.
3
42.4
42.4
4
4
4
4
42
42.
32.5
77.8
US
Canada
Mexico
S. & Cent. America
Europe
Middle East
Africa
Asia Pacific
CIS
Major trade movements 2021
Trade flows worldwide (million tonnes)
Oil trade in 2020 and 2021
2020 2021
Million tonnes
Crude
imports
Product
imports
Crude
exports
Product
exports
Crude
imports
Product
imports
Crude
exports
Product
exports
Canada 29.2 28.8 189.0 30.7 23.9 30.6 197.4 33.5
Mexico † 54.5 56.7 5.5 † 59.0 52.9 8.2
US 293.7 95.4 159.5 236.6 304.7 112.9 138.5 244.4
S. & Cent. America 17.6 91.1 146.2 25.1 21.8 105.8 124.1 23.6
Europe 479.3 173.0 28.3 103.9 467.7 197.5 36.4 110.5
Russia † 1.2 264.7 118.9 † 1.9 263.6 140.7
Other CIS 15.5 2.3 92.5 11.3 15.9 6.9 87.1 17.7
Iraq † 6.3 177.4 17.3 † 8.3 176.1 12.3
Kuwait † 0.7 96.9 16.6 † 0.9 88.4 24.3
Saudi Arabia 0.1 13.8 349.2 43.7 † 16.1 323.2 57.7
United Arab Emirates 11.0 30.4 138.7 63.4 3.2 31.8 146.1 86.7
Other Middle East 21.9 17.6 100.8 58.3 18.7 19.7 97.0 62.4
North Africa 12.1 28.2 50.9 39.6 9.3 30.8 85.4 45.4
West Africa 0.5 37.9 201.8 8.7 0.5 46.0 187.4 8.6
East & S. Africa 16.3 36.4 3.8 5.0 12.4 41.1 4.8 2.7
Australasia 18.6 22.3 8.7 5.8 14.9 26.2 9.2 5.4
China 557.2 85.1 0.8 58.3 526.0 103.4 1.6 60.6
India 196.9 45.8 0.1 53.3 213.7 49.4 0.1 69.3
Japan 123.5 40.1 † 10.1 122.1 43.0 0.4 11.0
Singapore 45.8 96.0 1.7 70.0 47.0 91.8 1.0 68.9
Other A sia Pacific 262.7 187.7 34.3 112.8 257.1 202.1 38.2 131.2
Total World 2101.8 1094.7 2101.8 1094.7 2058.9 1225.2 2058.9 1225.2
Thousand barrels daily
Canada 584 601 3786 639 480 640 3965 701
Mexico ‡ 1136 1135 115 ‡ 1232 1062 172
US 5881 1988 3195 4933 6118 2359 2782 5110
S. & Cent. America 353 1899 2928 523 438 2211 2493 494
Europe 9599 3607 566 2166 9393 4129 731 2310
Russia ‡ 26 5300 2478 ‡ 39 5293 2941
Other CIS 310 48 1852 236 320 144 1750 370
Iraq ‡ 132 3553 360 ‡ 174 3536 257
Kuwait ‡ 15 1940 346 ‡ 20 1775 507
Saudi Arabia 2 287 6994 911 ‡ 337 6491 1205
United Arab Emirates 220 635 2778 1321 64 664 2933 1813
Other Middle East 438 368 2018 1214 375 411 1947 1305
North Africa 243 589 1019 825 187 645 1715 949
West Africa 10 789 4041 182 9 962 3763 179
East & S. Africa 326 759 75 104 248 859 97 57
Australasia 373 465 175 121 299 547 185 112
China 11158 1773 16 1215 10562 2162 31 1266
India 3943 955 2 1111 4293 1032 1 1449
Japan 2474 836 ‡ 210 2451 899 8 229
Singapore 917 2002
33 1459 944 1920 20 1441
Other A sia Pacific 5261 3914 688 2351 5163 4224 767 2742
Total World 42094 22822 42094 22822 41346 25612 41346 25612
†Less than 0.05.
‡ Less than 0.5.
Notes: Does not include biofuels trade. Bunker fuel use is not included as exports. Intra-area movements (for example, between countries within Europe) are excluded.
Crude imports and exports include condensates.
29
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Natural gas: Production in billion cubic metres*
Billion cubic metres 2011 2012 2013 2014 2 015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 151.1 150.3 151.9 159.0 160.8 165.1 171.3 176.8 169.8 165.7
172.3
4.3% 1.3% 4.3%
Mexico 52.1 50.9 52.5 51.3 47.9 43.7 38.3 35.2 31.3 30.5
29.2
-3.8% -5.6% 0.7%
US 617.4 649.1 655.7 704.7 740.3 727.4 746.2 840.9 928.1 915.9
934.2
2.3% 4.2% 23.1%
Total N orth America 820.5 850.3 860.1 915.0 949.0 936.1 955.7 1052.9 1129.2 1112.1
1135.8
2.4% 3.3% 28.1%
Argentina 37.7 36.7 34.6 34.5 35.5 37.3 37.1 39.4 41.6 38.3
38.6
1.1% 0.2% 1.0%
Bolivia 15.0 17.1 19.6 20.3 19.6 18.8 18.3 17.1 15.0 14.5
15.1
4.7%
◆
0.4%
Brazil 17.2 19.8 21.9 23.3 23.8 24.1 27.2 25.2 25.7 24.2
24.3
0.7% 3.5% 0.6%
Colombia 10.5 11.5 13.2 12.3 11.6 12.0 11.8 12.4 12.6 12.5
12.6
1.2% 1.8% 0.3%
Peru 11.5 12.0 12.4 13.1 12.7 14.0 13.0 12.8 13.5 12.2
11.5
-5.4%
◆
0.3%
Trinidad & Tobago 38.7 38.5 38.7 38.1 36.0 31.3 31.9 34.0 34.6 29.5
24.7
-15.9% -4.4% 0.6%
Venezuela 30.2 31.9 30.6 31.8 36.1 37.2 38.6 31.6 25.6 21.6
24.0
11.5% -2.3% 0.6%
Other S. & Cent. America 3.2 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.2 2.7
2.6
-4.1% -2.1% 0.1%
Total S. & Cent. America 164.1 170.6 173.8 176.0 178.0 177.9 180.9 175.4 171.8 155.3
153.3
-1.0% -0.7% 3.8%
Denmark 6.9 6.0 5.0 4.8 4.8 4.7 5.1 4.3 3.2 1.4
1.3
-4.9% -15.3%
◆
Germany 10.5 9.5 8.6 8.1 7.5 6.9 6.4 5.5 5.3 4.5
4.5
0.4% -8.0% 0.1%
Italy 8.0 8.2 7.4 6.8 6.4 5.5 5.3 5.2 4.6 3.9
3.2
-18.4% -8.9% 0.1%
Netherlands 69.5 68.4 72.4 60.4 45.9 44.3 37.9 32.3 27.8 20.1
18.1
-9.6% -12.6% 0.4%
Norway 100.5 113.9 107.9 107.5 116.1 115.9 123.7 121.3 114.3 111.5
114.3
2.8% 1.3% 2.8%
Poland 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.9
3.9
-1.2% -1.4% 0.1%
Romania 10.1 10.1 10.0 10.2 10.2 9.1 10.0 10.0 9.6 8.6
8.5
-1.3% -1.7% 0.2%
Ukraine 19.5 19.4 20.2 20.2 18.8 19.0 19.4 19.7 19.4 19.1
18.6
-2.5% -0.5% 0.5%
United Kingdom 46.1 39.2 37.0 37.4 40.7 41.7 41.9 40.6 39.2 39.5
32.7
-16.9% -3.4% 0.8%
Other Europe 9.2 8.4 7.2 6.3 6.1 8.7 9.0 8.4 7.4 6.3
5.4
-14.5% -5.3% 0.1%
Total Europe 284.8 287.5 280.0 266.1 260.8 259.9 262.7 251.3 234.8 218.7
210.4
-3.5% -3.0% 5.2%
Azerbaijan 16.0 16.8 17.5 18.4 18.8 18.3 17.8 18.8 23.9 25.9
31.8
23.3% 7.1% 0.8%
Kazakhstan 28.7 29.0 30.4 31.0 31.2 31.5 33.4
33.1 33.1 33.3
32.0
-3.8% 1.1% 0.8%
Russian Federation 616.8 601.9 614.5 591.2 584.4 589.3 635.6 669.1 679.0 637.3
701.7
10.4% 1.3% 17.4%
Turkmenistan 56.3 59.0 59.0 63.5 65.9 63.2 58.7 61.5 63.2 66.0
79.3
20.4% 3.5% 2.0%
Uzbekistan 56.6 56.5 55.9 56.3 53.6 53.1 53.6 58.3 57.5 47.1
50.9
8.4% -1.1% 1.3%
Other CIS 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
0.3
5.1% -0.3%
◆
Total CIS 774.8 763.5 777.6 760.7 754.3 755.7 799.3 841.1 857.0 809.9
896.0
10.9% 1.5% 22.2%
Bahrain 12.6 13.1 14.0 14.7 14.6 14.4 14.5 14.6 16.3 16.4
17.2
5.1% 3.2% 0.4%
Iran 151.0 156.9 157.5 175.5 183.5 199.3 213.9 224.9 232.9 249.5
256.7
3.1% 5.4% 6.4%
Iraq 6.3 6.3 7.1 7.5 7.3 9.9 10.1 10.6 11.0 7.0
9.4
33.9% 4.0% 0.2%
Kuwait 12.9 14.7 15.5 14.3 16.1 16.4 16.2 16.9 18.2 16.5
17.4
5.9% 3.1% 0.4%
Oman 27.1 28.3 30.8 29.3 30.7 31.5 32.3 36.3 36.7 36.9
41.8
13.5% 4.4% 1.0%
Qatar 150.4 162.5 167.9 169.4 175.9 174.8 170.5 175.2 177.2 174.9
177.0
1.4% 1.6% 4.4%
Saudi Arabia 87.6 94.4 95.0 97.3 99.2 105.3 109.3 112.1 111.2 113.1
117.3
4.0% 3.0% 2.9%
Syria 7.4 6.1 5.0 4.6 4.1 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.3 2.7
2.9
5.3% -9.0% 0.1%
United Arab Emirates 51.0 52.9 53.2 52.9 58.6 59.5 59.5 58.1 57.5 55.4
57.0
3.1% 1.1% 1.4%
Yemen 9.4 7.6 10.4 9.8 2.9 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3
0.4
30.2% -27.1%
◆
Other Middle East 4.2 2.5 6.3 7.3 8.1 9.0 9.5 10.1 10.1 15.0
17.9
19.9% 15.5% 0.4%
Total Middle East 520.0 545.5 562.6 582.6 600.9 624.3 639.6 662.4 674.6 687.8
714.9
4.2% 3.2% 17.7%
Algeria 79.6 78.4 79.3 80.2 81.4 91.4 93.0 93.8 87.0 81.5
100.8
24.1% 2.4% 2.5%
Egypt 59.1 58.6 54.0 47.0 42.6 40.3 48.8 58.6 64.9 58.5
67.8
16.3% 1.4% 1.7%
Libya 7.5 11.6 12.2 11.8 14.7 14.8 13.6 13.2 13.5 12.1
12.4
2.7% 5.2% 0.3%
Nigeria 36.4 39.2 33.1 40.0 47.6 42.6 47.2 48.3 49.3 49.4
45.9
-6.9% 2.3% 1.1%
Other Africa 17.9 18.9 20.5 20.7 21.8 22.8 26.9 27.9 28.3 29.8
30.6
3.3% 5.5% 0.8%
Total Africa 200.6 206.7 199.1 199.6 208.0 211.8 229.5 241.7 242.9 231.2
257.5
11.7% 2.5% 6.4%
Australia 54.2 58.0 60.3 64.9 74.1 94.0 110.1 127.4 146.1 146.0
147.2
1.1% 10.5% 3.6%
Bangladesh 19.6 21.3 22.0 23.0 25.9 26.5 26.6 26.6 25.3 23.7
24.1
2.0% 2.1% 0.6%
Brunei 12.5 12.3 11.9 12.7 13.3 12.9 12.9 12.6 13.0 12.6
11.5
-8.5% -0.8% 0.3%
China 106.2 111.5
121.8 131.2 135.7 137.9 149.2 161.4 176.7 194.0
209.2
8.1% 7.0% 5.2%
India 42.9 37.3 31.1 29.4 28.1 26.6 27.7 27.5 26.9 23.8
28.5
20.4% -4.0% 0.7%
Indonesia 82.7 78.3 77.6 76.4 76.2 75.1 72.7 72.8 67.6 59.5
59.3
-0.1% -3.3% 1.5%
Malaysia 67.0 69.3 72.6 72.2 76.8 76.7 79.6 76.1 76.4 68.7
74.2
8.3% 1.0% 1.8%
Myanmar 12.6 12.5 12.9 16.5 19.2 18.3 17.8 17.0 18.5 17.5
16.9
-3.0% 3.0% 0.4%
Pakistan 35.3 36.6 35.6 35.0 35.0 34.7 34.7 34.2 32.7 30.6
32.7
7.1% -0.8% 0.8%
Thailand 33.8 38.4 38.9 39.1 37.5 37.3 35.9 34.7 35.8 32.7
31.5
-3.3% -0.7% 0.8%
Vi etnam 8.2 9.0 9.4 9.9 10.3 10.2 9.5 9.7 9.8 8.8
7.1
-19.2% -1.4% 0.2%
Other A sia Pacific 17.7 17.7 18.2 23.1 27.9 28.9 29.1 26.9 28.6 28.4
26.6
-6.1% 4.1% 0.7%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 492.6 502.1 512.2 533.3 560.0 579.0 605.7 626.8 657.4 646.4
669.0
3.8% 3.1% 16.6%
Total World 3257.3 3326.2 3365.4 3433.3 3511.1 3544.7 3673.5 3851.7 3967.7 3861.5 4036.9 4.8% 2.2% 100.0%
of which: OECD 1151.0 1187.0 1196.5 1242.1 1281.0 1289.8 1328.0 1431.7 1511.6 1483.5
1503.0
1.6% 2.7% 37.2%
Non-OECD 2106.3 2139.1 2168.9 2191.2 2230.1 2255.0 2345.5 2420.0 2456.1 2378.0
2533.8
6.8% 1.9% 62.8%
European Union 117.5 113.9 113.9 99.9 84.3 82.3 76.8 68.8 61.1 47.8
44.0
-7.7% -9.3% 1.1%
* Excludes gas flared or recycled. Includes natural gas produced for Gas-to-Liquids transformation. Source: includes data from C edigaz, FGE MENA natural gas service.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: As far as possible, the data above represents standard cubic metres (measured at 15°C and 1013 mbar); as they are derived directly from measures of energy content using an average
conversion factor and have been standardized using a gross calorific value (GCV) of 40 MJ/m
3
, they do not necessarily equate with gas volumes expressed in specific national terms.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using billion cubic metres figures.
Natural gas
30
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Natural gas: Production in exajoules*
Exajoules 2011 2012 2 013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Growth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 5.44 5.41 5.47 5.72 5.79 5.94 6.17 6.36 6.11 5.97
6.20
4.3% 1.3% 4.3%
Mexico 1.88 1.83 1.89 1.85 1.73 1.57 1.38 1.27 1.13 1.10
1.05
-3.8% -5.6% 0.7%
US 22.22 23.37 23.60 25.37 26.65 26.18 26.86 30.27 33.41 32.97
33.63
2.3% 4.2% 23.1%
Total N orth America 29.54 30.61 30.96 32.94 34.16 33.70 34.41 37.91 40.65 40.04
40.89
2.4% 3.3% 28.1%
Argentina 1.36 1.32 1.24 1.24 1.28 1.34 1.34 1.42 1.50 1.38
1.39
1.1% 0.2% 1.0%
Bolivia 0.54 0.62 0.70 0.73 0.70 0.68 0.66 0.61 0.54 0.52
0.54
4.7%
◆
0.4%
Brazil 0.62 0.71 0.79 0.84 0.86 0.87 0.98 0.91 0.93 0.87
0.88
0.7% 3.5% 0.6%
Colombia 0.38 0.41 0.48 0.44 0.42 0.43 0.42 0.45 0.45 0.45
0.45
1.2% 1.8% 0.3%
Peru 0.41 0.43 0.45 0.47 0.46 0.50 0.47 0.46 0.49 0.44
0.41
-5.4%
◆
0.3%
Trinidad & Tobago 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.37 1.29 1.13 1.15 1.22 1.24 1.06
0.89
-15.9% -4.4% 0.6%
Venezuela 1.09 1.15 1.10 1.14 1.30 1.34 1.39 1.14 0.92 0.78
0.86
11.5% -2.3% 0.6%
Other S. & Cent. America 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.10
0.09
-4.1% -2.1% 0.1%
Total S. & Cent. America 5.91 6.14 6.26 6.34 6.41 6.40 6.51 6.32 6.19 5.59
5.52
-1.0% -0.7% 3.8%
Denmark 0.25 0.22 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.15 0.12 0.05
0.05
-4.9% -15.3%
◆
Germany 0.38 0.34 0.31 0.29 0.27 0.25 0.23 0.20 0.19 0.16
0.16
0.4% -8.0% 0.1%
Italy 0.29 0.30 0.27 0.25 0.23 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.17 0.14
0.11
-18.4% -8.9% 0.1%
Netherlands 2.50 2.46 2.61 2.17 1.65 1.59 1.37 1.16 1.00 0.72
0.65
-9.6% -12.6% 0.4%
Norway 3.62 4.10 3.89 3.87 4.18 4.17 4.45 4.37 4.11 4.01
4.12
2.8% 1.3% 2.8%
Poland 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14
0.14
-1.2% -1.4% 0.1%
Romania 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.33 0.36 0.36 0.35 0.31
0.30
-1.3% -1.7% 0.2%
Ukraine 0.70 0.70 0.73 0.73 0.68 0.68 0.70 0.71 0.70 0.69
0.67
-2.5% -0.5% 0.5%
United Kingdom 1.66 1.41 1.33 1.35 1.46 1.50 1.51 1.46 1.41 1.42
1.18
-16.9% -3.4% 0.8%
Other Europe 0.33 0.30 0.26 0.23 0.22 0.31 0.32 0.30 0.27 0.23
0.19
-14.5% -5.3% 0.1%
Total Europe 10.25 10.35 10.08 9.58 9.39 9.36 9.46 9.05 8.45 7.87
7.58
-3.5% -3.0% 5.2%
Azerbaijan 0.58 0.61 0.63 0.66 0.68 0.66 0.64 0.68 0.86 0.93
1.15
23.3% 7.1% 0.8%
Kazakhstan 1.03 1.04 1.10 1.12 1.12 1.13 1.20
1.19 1.19 1.20
1.15
-3.8% 1.1% 0.8%
Russian Federation 22.21 21.67 22.12 21.28 21.04 21.21 22.88 24.09 24.45 22.94
25.26
10.4% 1.3% 17.4%
Turkmenistan 2.03 2.12 2.12 2.29 2.37 2.28 2.11 2.21 2.27 2.38
2.85
20.4% 3.5% 2.0%
Uzbekistan 2.04 2.03 2.01 2.03 1.93 1.91 1.93 2.10 2.07 1.70
1.83
8.4% -1.1% 1.3%
Other CIS 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01
5.1% -0.3%
◆
Total CIS 27.89 27.49 27.99 27.39 27.15 27.21 28.78 30.28 30.85 29.16
32.26
10.9% 1.5% 22.2%
Bahrain 0.45 0.47 0.50 0.53 0.53 0.52 0.52 0.53 0.59 0.59
0.62
5.1% 3.2% 0.4%
Iran 5.44 5.65 5.67 6.32 6.61 7.18 7.70 8.10 8.38 8.98
9.24
3.1% 5.4% 6.4%
Iraq 0.23 0.23 0.25 0.27 0.26 0.36 0.36 0.38 0.39 0.25
0.34
33.9% 4.0% 0.2%
Kuwait 0.46 0.53 0.56 0.51 0.58 0.59 0.58 0.61 0.65 0.59
0.63
5.9% 3.1% 0.4%
Oman 0.98 1.02 1.11 1.06 1.11 1.13 1.16 1.31 1.32 1.33
1.50
13.5% 4.4% 1.0%
Qatar 5.41 5.85 6.04 6.10 6.33 6.29 6.14 6.31 6.38 6.30
6.37
1.4% 1.6% 4.4%
Saudi Arabia 3.16 3.40 3.42 3.50 3.57 3.79 3.93 4.04 4.00 4.07
4.22
4.0% 3.0% 2.9%
Syria 0.27 0.22 0.18 0.17 0.15 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.10
0.10
5.3% -9.0% 0.1%
United Arab Emirates 1.84 1.91 1.92 1.90 2.11 2.14 2.14 2.09 2.07 2.00
2.05
3.1% 1.1% 1.4%
Yemen 0.34 0.27 0.37 0.35 0.10 0.02 0.01 † 0.01 0.01
0.01
30.2% -27.1%
◆
Other Middle East 0.15 0.09 0.23 0.26 0.29 0.33 0.34 0.36 0.37 0.54
0.64
19.9% 15.5% 0.4%
Total Middle East 18.72 19.64 20.25 20.97 21.63 22.47 23.03 23.85 24.28 24.76
25.73
4.2% 3.2% 17.7%
Algeria 2.87 2.82 2.86 2.89 2.93 3.29 3.35 3.38 3.13 2.93
3.63
24.1% 2.4% 2.5%
Egypt 2.13 2.11 1.94 1.69 1.53 1.45 1.76 2.11 2.34 2.10
2.44
16.3% 1.4% 1.7%
Libya 0.27 0.42 0.44 0.43 0.53 0.53 0.49 0.47 0.49 0.44
0.45
2.7% 5.2% 0.3%
Nigeria 1.31 1.41 1.19 1.44 1.71 1.53 1.70 1.74 1.77 1.78
1.65
-6.9% 2.3% 1.1%
Other Africa 0.65 0.68 0.74 0.74 0.78 0.82 0.97 1.00 1.02 1.07
1.10
3.3% 5.5% 0.8%
Total Africa 7.22 7.44 7.17 7.19 7.49 7.63 8.26 8.70 8.75 8.32
9.27
11.7% 2.5% 6.4%
Australia 1.95 2.09 2.17 2.34 2.67 3.38 3.96 4.59 5.26 5.25
5.30
1.1% 10.5% 3.6%
Bangladesh 0.70 0.77 0.79 0.83 0.93 0.95 0.96 0.96 0.91 0.85
0.87
2.0% 2.1% 0.6%
Brunei 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.46 0.48 0.47 0.46 0.45 0.47 0.46
0.42
-8.5% -0.8% 0.3%
China 3.82 4.01
4.39 4.72 4.88 4.97 5.37 5.81 6.36 6.98
7.53
8.1% 7.0% 5.2%
India 1.55 1.34 1.12 1.06 1.01 0.96 1.00 0.99 0.97 0.86
1.03
20.4% -4.0% 0.7%
Indonesia 2.98 2.82 2.79 2.75 2.74 2.70 2.62 2.62 2.43 2.14
2.13
-0.1% -3.3% 1.5%
Malaysia 2.41 2.49 2.61 2.60 2.77 2.76 2.86 2.74 2.75 2.47
2.67
8.3% 1.0% 1.8%
Myanmar 0.45 0.45 0.46 0.60 0.69 0.66 0.64 0.61 0.67 0.63
0.61
-3.0% 3.0% 0.4%
Pakistan 1.27 1.32 1.28 1.26 1.26 1.25 1.25 1.23 1.18 1.10
1.18
7.1% -0.8% 0.8%
Thailand 1.22 1.38 1.40 1.41 1.35 1.34 1.29 1.25 1.29 1.18
1.13
-3.3% -0.7% 0.8%
Vi etnam 0.29 0.32 0.34 0.35 0.37 0.37 0.34 0.35 0.35 0.32
0.26
-19.2% -1.4% 0.2%
Other A sia Pacific 0.64 0.64 0.66 0.83 1.00 1.04 1.05 0.97 1.03 1.02
0.96
-6.1% 4.1% 0.7%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 17.73 18.08 18.44 19.20 20.16 20.85 21.81 22.57 23.67 23.27
24.08
3.8% 3.1% 16.6%
Total World 117.26 119.74 121.15 123.60 126.40 127.61 132.25 138.66 142.84 139.01 145.33 4.8% 2.2% 100.0%
of which: OECD 41.44 42.73 43.07 44.72 46.12 46.43 47.81 51.54 54.42 53.41
54.11
1.6% 2.7% 37.2%
Non-OECD 75.83 77.01 78.08 78.88 80.28 81.18 84.44 87.12 88.42 85.61
91.22
6.8% 1.9% 62.8%
European Union 4.23 4.10 4.10 3.60 3.03 2.96 2.76 2.48 2.20 1.72
1.59
-7.7% -9.3% 1.1%
*Excludes gas flared or recycled. Includes natural gas produced for gas-to-liquids transformation. Source: includes data from Cedigaz, FGE MENA natural gas service.
†Less than 0.005.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using exajoules figures.
31
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Natural gas: Consumption in billion cubic metres*
Billion cubic metres 2011 2012 2013 2014 2 015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 100.6 99.4 105.4 109.8 110.3 105.0 109.9 115.6 117.3 113.3
119.2
5.5% 1.7% 3.0%
Mexico 70.8 73.7 77.8 78.8 80.8 83.0 86.0 87.6 88.0 83.7
88.2
5.7% 2.2% 2.2%
US 658.2 688.1 707.0 722.3 743.6 749.1 740.0 821.7 850.7 831.9
826.7
-0.4% 2.3% 20.5%
Total N orth America 829.6 861.2 890.3 911.0 934.7 937.1 935.9 1024.9 1056.0 1028.9 1034.1 0.8% 2.2% 25.6%
Argentina 43.8 45.7 46.0 46.2 46.7 48.2 48.3 48.7 46.6 43.9
45.9
4.8% 0.5% 1.1%
Brazil 27.5 32.6 38.4 40.7 42.9 37.1 37.6 35.9 35.7 31.4
40.4
29.1% 3.9% 1.0%
Chile 5.8 5.3 5.3 4.4 4.8 5.9 5.6 5.6 6.5 6.2
6.3
0.9% 0.7% 0.2%
Colombia 8.5 9.5 10.5 11.4 11.2 12.1 11.8 12.7 12.9 13.1
12.6
-3.5% 4.0% 0.3%
Ecuador 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6
0.5
-0.1% -0.2%
◆
Peru 6.3 6.9 6.7 7.4 7.6 8.5 7.5 8.0 8.2 7.1
8.0
12.8% 2.5% 0.2%
Trinidad & Tobago 20.5 20.2 20.4 20.5 19.6 16.9 18.3 17.4 17.5 15.2
15.6
3.0% -2.7% 0.4%
Venezuela 33.3 34.6 32.3 34.0 37.0 37.2 38.6 31.6 25.6 21.6
24.0
11.5% -3.2% 0.6%
Central America – – – – – – – 0.2 0.5 0.4
0.3
-20.9% –
◆
Other Caribbean 2.7 3.2 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.6 4.1 5.0 4.6
6.0
30.7% 8.1% 0.1%
Other South America 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.1
3.6
17.3% 1.8% 0.1%
Total S. & Cent. America 152.1 161.8 167.3 172.6 177.8 174.2 175.8 168.7 162.8 147.2 163.3 11.3% 0.7% 4.0%
Austria 9.0 8.6 8.2 7.5 8.0 8.3 9.1 8.7 8.9 8.5
9.0
6.0%
◆
0.2%
Belgium 16.5 16.7 16.5 14.5 15.8 16.2 16.4 16.9 17.4 17.0
17.0
0.1% 0.3% 0.4%
Bulgaria 3.1 2.9 2.8 2.7 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.9
3.3
13.4% 0.8% 0.1%
Croatia 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.9
2.8
-3.5% -0.6% 0.1%
Cyprus – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Czech Republic 7.9 8.0 8.1 7.2 7.5 8.2 8.4 8.0 8.3 8.5
9.1
7.5% 1.4% 0.2%
Denmark 4.3 4.1 3.8 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.3
2.3
◆
-6.1% 0.1%
Estonia 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4
0.5
13.3% -1.8%
◆
Finland 3.6 3.2 3.0 2.7 2.3 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.0 2.1
2.0
-1.2% -5.5% 0.1%
France 43.0 44.4 45.1 37.9 40.8 44.5 44.8
42.8 43.7 40.6
43.0
6.3%
◆
1.1%
Germany 80.9 81.1 85.0 73.9 77.0 84.9 87.7 85.9 89.3 87.1
90.5
4.2% 1.1% 2.2%
Greece 4.6 4.2 3.7 2.8 3.1 4.0 4.8 4.7 5.2 6.3
7.0
10.4% 4.3% 0.2%
Hungary 10.9 9.7 9.1 8.1 8.7 9.3 9.9 9.6 9.8 10.2
10.8
6.1% -0.1% 0.3%
Iceland – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Ireland 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.9 5.0 5.2 5.3 5.3
5.1
-3.8% 0.6% 0.1%
Italy 74.2 71.4 66.7 59.0 64.3 67.5 71.6 69.2 70.8 67.6
72.5
7.5% -0.2% 1.8%
Latvia 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.1
1.2
8.3% -2.7%
◆
Lithuania 3.2 3.1 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.4
2.2
-5.3% -3.4% 0.1%
Luxembourg 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7
0.8
7.2% -4.3%
◆
Netherlands 40.9 39.3 39.1 34.5 34.1 35.2 36.1 35.5 37.0 36.2
35.1
-2.7% -1.5% 0.9%
North Macedonia 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3
0.4
26.4% 12.3%
◆
Norway 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.3 4.5 4.4 4.6 4.4 4.6 4.4
4.3
-2.5% 0.6% 0.1%
Poland 16.5 17.4 17.4 17.0 17.1 18.3 19.2 19.9 20.9 21.1
23.2
10.7% 3.5% 0.6%
Portugal 5.3 4.6 4.3 4.1 4.8 5.1 6.3 5.8 6.1 6.0
5.9
-2.6% 1.1% 0.1%
Romania 12.9 12.5 11.4 10.9 10.4 10.5 11.3 11.6 10.8 11.3
11.4
1.8% -1.2% 0.3%
Slovakia 5.4 5.1 5.3 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.8
5.3
12.2% -0.1% 0.1%
Slove nia 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
0.9
5.6% 0.5%
◆
Spain 33.6 33.2 30.3 27.5 28.5 29.1 31.7 31.5 36.0 32.5
33.9
4.6% 0.1% 0.8%
Sweden 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3
1.3
2.9% 0.7%
◆
Switzerland 3.1 3.4 3.6 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.3
3.6
9.0% 1.5% 0.1%
Turkey 41.8 43.3 44.0 46.6 46.0 44.5 51.6 47.2 43.4 46.2
57.3
24.4% 3.2% 1.4%
Ukraine 56.1 51.8 47.7 40.3 32.0 31.4 30.2 30.6 28.3 29.3
26.1
-10.8% -7.4% 0.6%
United Kingdom 81.9 76.9 76.3 70.1 72.0 80.7 78.5 78.6 77.7 73.0
76.9
5.7% -0.6% 1.9%
Other Europe 4.2 3.9 4.2 4.1 4.5 4.6 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.5
6.2
14.8% 4.0% 0.2%
Total Europe 580.4 565.7 554.4 500.0 509.2 537.4 558.8 547.4 554.5 542.0 571.1 5.7% -0.2% 14.1%
Azerbaijan 8.9 9.4 9.4 9.9 11.1 10.9 10.6 10.8 11.8 12.4
12.7
3.1% 3.6% 0.3%
Belarus 19.2 19.4
19.3 19.1 17.9 17.8 18.2 19.3 19.2 17.8
19.0
7.5% -0.1% 0.5%
Kazakhstan 9.9 10.7 11.2 12.7 12.9 13.4 14.1 16.5 16.6 17.4
15.1
-12.9% 4.4% 0.4%
Russian Federation 435.6 428.6 424.9 422.2 408.7 420.6 431.1 454.5 444.3 423.5
474.6
12.4% 0.9% 11.8%
Turkmenistan 20.7 22.9 19.3 20.0 25.4 25.1 24.8 28.4 31.5 29.6
36.7
24.2% 5.9% 0.9%
Uzbekistan 47.4 46.2 46.2 48.5 46.3 43.3 44.8 44.4 44.6 43.6
46.4
6.9% -0.2% 1.1%
Other CIS 5.5 5.7 4.8 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.9 5.6 5.9
6.2
6.1% 1.3% 0.2%
Total CIS 547.2 543.0 535.0 537.6 527.5 536.4 548.7 579.8 573.5 550.1 610.8 11.4% 1.1% 15.1%
Iran 153.2 152.5 153.8 173.4 184.0 196.3 205.0 212.6 218.4 234.3
241.1
3.2% 4.6% 6.0%
Iraq 6.3 6.3 7.1 7.5 7.3 9.9 11.4 14.6 19.5 18.5
17.1
-7.3% 10.5% 0.4%
Israel 4.7 2.4 6.6 7.2 8.1 9.2 9.9 10.5 10.8 11.3
11.7
3.5% 9.4% 0.3%
Kuwait 15.9 17.5 17.8 17.9 20.3 21.1 21.0 21.2 23.3 22.1
25.1
13.5% 4.7% 0.6%
Oman 18.1 19.7 21.7 21.3 23.0 22.9 23.4 25.0 25.0 25.9
29.5
14.2% 5.0% 0.7%
Qatar 28.9 33.6 35.3 38.4 43.4 41.4 41.2 40.7 41.9 38.9
40.0
3.1% 3.3% 1.0%
Saudi Arabia 87.6 94.4 95.0 97.3 99.2 105.3 109.3 112.1 111.2 113.1
117.3
4.0% 3.0% 2.9%
United Arab Emirates 61.6 63.9 64.7 63.4 71.5 71.9 72.5 71.2 71.0 69.6
69.4
◆
1.2% 1.7%
Other Middle East 22.1 20.6 21.3 20.9 22.5 23.1 23.2 22.0 23.2 23.2
24.3
4.9% 0.9% 0.6%
Total Middle East 398.5 411.0 423.4 447.4 479.3 501.2 516.8 529.9 544.2 556.9 575.4 3.6% 3.7% 14.3%
Algeria 26.8 29.9 32.1 36.1 37.9 38.6 39.5 43.4 45.1 43.6
45.8
5.4% 5.5% 1.1%
Egypt 47.8 50.6 49.5 46.2 46.0 49.4 55.9 59.6 59.0 58.3
61.9
6.4% 2.6% 1.5%
Morocco 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.8
0.8
0.9% -1.4%
◆
South Africa 4.3 4.4 4.1 4.3 4.3 3.7 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.0
3.9
-2.7% -1.0% 0.1%
Eastern Africa 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.3
2.7
16.2% 10.8% 0.1%
Middle Africa 3.0 3.7 4.1 4.0 4.3 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.1 5.3
6.1
16.5% 7.5% 0.2%
Western Africa 12.2 12.9 12.7 16.0 23.8 21.1 22.0 23.5 24.2 25.9
28.0
8.5% 8.6% 0.7%
Other Northern Afri ca 10.1 10.9 12.3 11.3 13.4 15.7 14.8 14.8 14.0 13.5
15.3
13.5% 4.2% 0.4%
Other Southe rn Africa – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Total Africa 106.1 114.7 117.0 120.2 132.5 137.0 144.9 154.4 155.0 153.6 164.4 7.3%
4.5% 4.1%
Australia 32.8 33.0 34.7 37.2 38.8 37.9 37.1 36.8 43.9 43.1
39.4
-8.3% 1.9% 1.0%
Bangladesh 19.6 21.3 22.0 23.0 25.9 26.5 26.6 27.4 30.9 29.9
31.1
4.3% 4.7% 0.8%
China 135.2 150.9 171.9 188.4 194.7 209.4 241.3 283.9 308.4 336.6
378.7
12.8% 10.9% 9.4%
China Hong Kong SAR 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.4 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.1 4.9
4.8
-2.1% 5.4% 0.1%
India 60.3 55.7 49.0 48.5 47.8 50.8 53.6 58.0 59.2 60.5
62.2
3.1% 0.3% 1.5%
Indonesia 42.7 43.0 44.5 44.0 45.8 44.6 43.2 44.5 44.0 37.5
37.1
-0.9% -1.4% 0.9%
Japan 112.0 123.2 123.5 124.8 118.7 116.4 117.0 115.7 108.1 104.1
103.6
-0.2% -0.8% 2.6%
Malaysia 38.3 42.0 44.6 44.7 46.8 45.0 45.0 44.7 45.2 38.3
41.1
7.5% 0.7% 1.0%
New Zealand 4.0 4.5 4.7 5.2 4.8 4.8 5.0 4.5 4.8 4.6
3.9
-14.9% -0.4% 0.1%
Pakistan 35.3 36.6 35.6 35.0 36.5 38.7 40.7 43.6 44.5 41.2
44.8
9.1% 2.4% 1.1%
Philippines 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.8 3.8 4.1 4.2 3.8
3.3
-14.3% -1.5% 0.1%
Singapore 8.3 8.9 10.0 10.4 11.6 11.9 12.3 12.3 12.5 12.6
13.4
6.3% 4.9% 0.3%
South Korea 48.4 52.5 55.0 50.0 45.6 47.6 49.8 57.8 56.0 57.5
62.5
9.0% 2.6% 1.5%
Sri Lanka – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Taiwan 17.0 17.9 17.9 18.9 20.2 21.0 23.2 23.7 23.3 24.9
27.3
10.0% 4.8% 0.7%
Thailand 44.3 48.6 48.9 49.9 51.0 50.6 50.1 50.0 50.9 46.9
47.0
0.6% 0.6% 1.2%
Vi etnam 8.2 9.0 9.4 9.9 10.3 10.2 9.5 9.7 9.8 8.8
7.1
-19.2% -1.4% 0.2%
Other A sia Pacific 6.9 8.5 8.2 9.7 10.9 10.4 10.7 10.8 11.3 11.6
11.0
-4.7% 4.8% 0.3%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 620.1 662.0 685.7 705.5 715.7 732.7 772.0 830.5 860.4 866.9 918.3 6.2% 4.0% 22.7%
Total World 3234.0 3319.4 3373.0 3394.4 3476.9 3556.1 3652.9 3835.6 3906.3 3845.6 4037.5 5.3% 2.2% 100.0%
of which: OECD 1546.9 1583.2 1616.1 1590.7 1623.5 1656.1 1677.8 1762.6 1803.0 1758.6
1794.9
2.3% 1.5% 44.5%
Non-OECD 1687.1 1736.2 1756.9 1803.8 1853.3 1899.9 1975.2 2073.0 2103.3 2087.0
2242.6
7.8% 2.9% 55.5%
European Union 389.0 382.2 374.5 331.4 346.7 368.2 385.2 378.1 391.8 380.3
396.6
4.6% 0.2% 9.8%
Source: includes data from Cedigaz, FGE MENA natural gas service.
*Excludes natural gas converted to liquid fuels but includes derivatives of coal as well as natural gas consumed in gas-to-liquids transformation.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: As far as possible, the data above represents standard cubic metres (measured at 15°C and 1013 mbar); as they are derived directly from measures of energy content using an average
conversion factor and have been standardized using a gross calorific value (GCV) of 40 MJ/m
3
, they do not necessarily equate with gas volumes expressed in specific national terms.
The difference between these world consumption figures and the world production statistics is due to variations in stocks at storage facilities and liquefaction plants, together with unavoidable
disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of gas supply and demand data.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using billion cubic metres figures.
32
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Natural gas: Consumption in exajoules*
Exajoules 2011 2012 2 013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 3.62 3.58 3.80 3.95 3.97 3.78 3.96 4.16 4.22 4.08
4.29
5.5% 1.7% 3.0%
Mexico 2.55 2.65 2.80 2.84 2.91 2.99 3.10 3.15 3.17 3.01
3.18
5.7% 2.2% 2.2%
US 23.70 24.77 25.45 26.00 26.77 26.97 26.64 29.58 30.62 29.95
29.76
-0.4% 2.3% 20.5%
Total N orth America 29.86 31.00 32.05 32.79 33.65 33.74 33.69 36.90 38.01 37.04 37.23 0.8% 2.2% 25.6%
Argentina 1.58 1.64 1.66 1.66 1.68 1.74 1.74 1.75 1.68 1.58
1.65
4.8% 0.5% 1.1%
Brazil 0.99 1.17 1.38 1.46 1.55 1.34 1.35 1.29 1.29 1.13
1.46
29.1% 3.9% 1.0%
Chile 0.21 0.19 0.19 0.16 0.17 0.21 0.20 0.20 0.23 0.22
0.23
0.9% 0.7% 0.2%
Colombia 0.31 0.34 0.38 0.41 0.40 0.43 0.43 0.46 0.46 0.47
0.45
-3.5% 4.0% 0.3%
Ecuador 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02
0.02
-0.1% -0.2%
◆
Peru 0.23 0.25 0.24 0.27 0.28 0.31 0.27 0.29 0.30 0.26
0.29
12.8% 2.5% 0.2%
Trinidad & Tobago 0.74 0.73 0.73 0.74 0.71 0.61 0.66 0.63 0.63 0.55
0.56
3.0% -2.7% 0.4%
Venezuela 1.20 1.25 1.16 1.22 1.33 1.34 1.39 1.14 0.92 0.78
0.86
11.5% -3.2% 0.6%
Central America – – – – – – – 0.01 0.02 0.01
0.01
-20.9% –
◆
Other Caribbean 0.10 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.15 0.18 0.17
0.22
30.7% 8.1% 0.1%
Other South America 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.11
0.13
17.3% 1.8% 0.1%
Total S. & Cent. America 5.48 5.82 6.02 6.21 6.40 6.27 6.33 6.07 5.86 5.30 5.88 11.3% 0.7% 4.0%
Austria 0.33 0.31 0.30 0.27 0.29 0.30 0.33 0.31 0.32 0.31
0.32
6.0%
◆
0.2%
Belgium 0.59 0.60 0.60 0.52 0.57 0.58 0.59 0.61 0.63 0.61
0.61
0.1% 0.3% 0.4%
Bulgaria 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.11
0.12
13.4% 0.8% 0.1%
Croatia 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.11
0.10
-3.5% -0.6% 0.1%
Cyprus – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Czech Republic 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.26 0.27 0.29 0.30 0.29 0.30 0.30
0.33
7.5% 1.4% 0.2%
Denmark 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.08
0.08
◆
-6.1% 0.1%
Estonia 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.02
13.3% -1.8%
◆
Finland 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.07
0.07
-1.2% -5.5% 0.1%
France 1.55 1.60 1.63 1.36 1.47 1.60 1.61
1.54 1.57 1.46
1.55
6.3%
◆
1.1%
Germany 2.91 2.92 3.06 2.66 2.77 3.06 3.16 3.09 3.21 3.14
3.26
4.2% 1.1% 2.2%
Greece 0.17 0.15 0.13 0.10 0.11 0.14 0.17 0.17 0.19 0.23
0.25
10.4% 4.3% 0.2%
Hungary 0.39 0.35 0.33 0.29 0.31 0.34 0.36 0.35 0.35 0.37
0.39
6.1% -0.1% 0.3%
Iceland – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Ireland 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19
0.18
-3.8% 0.6% 0.1%
Italy 2.67 2.57 2.40 2.12 2.32 2.43 2.58 2.49 2.55 2.43
2.61
7.5% -0.2% 1.8%
Latvia 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.04
0.04
8.3% -2.7%
◆
Lithuania 0.11 0.11 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08
0.08
-5.3% -3.4% 0.1%
Luxembourg 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
0.03
7.2% -4.3%
◆
Netherlands 1.47 1.41 1.41 1.24 1.23 1.27 1.30 1.28 1.33 1.30
1.26
-2.7% -1.5% 0.9%
North Macedonia † † 0.01 † † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01
26.4% 12.3%
◆
Norway 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16
0.15
-2.5% 0.6% 0.1%
Poland 0.59 0.63 0.63 0.61 0.62 0.66 0.69 0.72 0.75 0.76
0.84
10.7% 3.5% 0.6%
Portugal 0.19 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.17 0.18 0.23 0.21 0.22 0.22
0.21
-2.6% 1.1% 0.1%
Romania 0.46 0.45 0.41 0.39 0.37 0.38 0.41 0.42 0.39 0.41
0.41
1.8% -1.2% 0.3%
Slovakia 0.19 0.18 0.19 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17
0.19
12.2% -0.1% 0.1%
Slove nia 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
0.03
5.6% 0.5%
◆
Spain 1.21 1.20 1.09 0.99 1.03 1.05 1.14 1.13 1.30 1.17
1.22
4.6% 0.1% 0.8%
Sweden 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05
0.05
2.9% 0.7%
◆
Switzerland 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.12
0.13
9.0% 1.5% 0.1%
Turkey 1.51 1.56 1.58 1.68 1.65 1.60 1.86 1.70 1.56 1.66
2.06
24.4% 3.2% 1.4%
Ukraine 2.02 1.87 1.72 1.45 1.15 1.13 1.09 1.10 1.02 1.06
0.94
-10.8% -7.4% 0.6%
United Kingdom 2.95 2.77 2.75 2.52 2.59 2.90 2.83 2.83 2.80 2.63
2.77
5.7% -0.6% 1.9%
Other Europe 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.20
0.22
14.8% 4.0% 0.2%
Total Europe 20.90 20.37 19.96 18.00 18.33 19.35 20.12 19.71 19.96 19.51 20.56 5.7% -0.2% 14.1%
Azerbaijan 0.32 0.34 0.34 0.35 0.40 0.39 0.38 0.39 0.42 0.45
0.46
3.1% 3.6% 0.3%
Belarus 0.69 0.70
0.69 0.69 0.64 0.64 0.66 0.70 0.69 0.64
0.69
7.5% -0.1% 0.5%
Kazakhstan 0.36 0.39 0.40 0.46 0.46 0.48 0.51 0.59 0.60 0.63
0.55
-12.9% 4.4% 0.4%
Russian Federation 15.68 15.43 15.30 15.20 14.71 15.14 15.52 16.36 16.00 15.25
17.09
12.4% 0.9% 11.8%
Turkmenistan 0.75 0.83 0.70 0.72 0.91 0.90 0.89 1.02 1.14 1.07
1.32
24.2% 5.9% 0.9%
Uzbekistan 1.70 1.66 1.66 1.75 1.67 1.56 1.61 1.60 1.61 1.57
1.67
6.9% -0.2% 1.1%
Other CIS 0.20 0.21 0.17 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.21 0.20 0.21
0.22
6.1% 1.3% 0.2%
Total CIS 19.70 19.55 19.26 19.36 18.99 19.31 19.75 20.87 20.65 19.80 21.99 11.4% 1.1% 15.1%
Iran 5.51 5.49 5.54 6.24 6.62 7.07 7.38 7.66 7.86 8.43
8.68
3.2% 4.6% 6.0%
Iraq 0.23 0.23 0.25 0.27 0.26 0.36 0.41 0.53 0.70 0.67
0.62
-7.3% 10.5% 0.4%
Israel 0.17 0.09 0.24 0.26 0.29 0.33 0.36 0.38 0.39 0.41
0.42
3.5% 9.4% 0.3%
Kuwait 0.57 0.63 0.64 0.64 0.73 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.84 0.80
0.90
13.5% 4.7% 0.6%
Oman 0.65 0.71 0.78 0.77 0.83 0.82 0.84 0.90 0.90 0.93
1.06
14.2% 5.0% 0.7%
Qatar 1.04 1.21 1.27 1.38 1.56 1.49 1.48 1.47 1.51 1.40
1.44
3.1% 3.3% 1.0%
Saudi Arabia 3.16 3.40 3.42 3.50 3.57 3.79 3.93 4.04 4.00 4.07
4.22
4.0% 3.0% 2.9%
United Arab Emirates 2.22 2.30 2.33 2.28 2.57 2.59 2.61 2.56 2.56 2.51
2.50
◆
1.2% 1.7%
Other Middle East 0.79 0.74 0.77 0.75 0.81 0.83 0.84 0.79 0.84 0.84
0.87
4.9% 0.9% 0.6%
Total Middle East 14.35 14.80 15.24 16.11 17.26 18.04 18.61 19.08 19.59 20.05 20.72 3.6% 3.7% 14.3%
Algeria 0.96 1.08 1.16 1.30 1.37 1.39 1.42 1.56 1.62 1.57
1.65
5.4% 5.5% 1.1%
Egypt 1.72 1.82 1.78 1.66 1.66 1.78 2.01 2.15 2.13 2.10
2.23
6.4% 2.6% 1.5%
Morocco 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03
0.03
0.9% -1.4%
◆
South Africa 0.15 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.13 0.14 0.16 0.15 0.14
0.14
-2.7% -1.0% 0.1%
Eastern Africa 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.08
0.10
16.2% 10.8% 0.1%
Middle Africa 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.14 0.16 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.18 0.19
0.22
16.5% 7.5% 0.2%
Western Africa 0.44 0.47 0.46 0.57 0.86 0.76 0.79 0.85 0.87 0.93
1.01
8.5% 8.6% 0.7%
Other Northern Afri ca 0.37 0.39 0.44 0.41 0.48 0.56 0.53 0.53 0.50 0.49
0.55
13.5% 4.2% 0.4%
Other Southe rn Africa – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Total Africa 3.82 4.13 4.21 4.33 4.77 4.93 5.22 5.56 5.58 5.53 5.92 7.3%
4.5% 4.1%
Australia 1.18 1.19 1.25 1.34 1.40 1.36 1.34 1.32 1.58 1.55
1.42
-8.3% 1.9% 1.0%
Bangladesh 0.70 0.77 0.79 0.83 0.93 0.95 0.96 0.99 1.11 1.08
1.12
4.3% 4.7% 0.8%
China 4.87 5.43 6.19 6.78 7.01 7.54 8.69 10.22 11.10 12.12
13.63
12.8% 10.9% 9.4%
China Hong Kong SAR 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.18
0.17
-2.1% 5.4% 0.1%
India 2.17 2.01 1.76 1.75 1.72 1.83 1.93 2.09 2.13 2.18
2.24
3.1% 0.3% 1.5%
Indonesia 1.54 1.55 1.60 1.59 1.65 1.61 1.56 1.60 1.58 1.35
1.33
-0.9% -1.4% 0.9%
Japan 4.03 4.44 4.45 4.49 4.27 4.19 4.21 4.17 3.89 3.75
3.73
-0.2% -0.8% 2.6%
Malaysia 1.38 1.51 1.60 1.61 1.69 1.62 1.62 1.61 1.63 1.38
1.48
7.5% 0.7% 1.0%
New Zealand 0.14 0.16 0.17 0.19 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.16 0.17 0.16
0.14
-14.9% -0.4% 0.1%
Pakistan 1.27 1.32 1.28 1.26 1.32 1.39 1.47 1.57 1.60 1.48
1.61
9.1% 2.4% 1.1%
Philippines 0.14 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.14
0.12
-14.3% -1.5% 0.1%
Singapore 0.30 0.32 0.36 0.37 0.42 0.43 0.44 0.44 0.45 0.45
0.48
6.3% 4.9% 0.3%
South Korea 1.74 1.89 1.98 1.80 1.64 1.72 1.79 2.08 2.02 2.07
2.25
9.0% 2.6% 1.5%
Sri Lanka – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Taiwan 0.61 0.64 0.65 0.68 0.73 0.75 0.84 0.85 0.84 0.90
0.98
10.0% 4.8% 0.7%
Thailand 1.60 1.75 1.76 1.80 1.83 1.82 1.80 1.80 1.83 1.69
1.69
0.6% 0.6% 1.2%
Vi etnam 0.29 0.32 0.34 0.35 0.37 0.37 0.34 0.35 0.35 0.32
0.26
-19.2% -1.4% 0.2%
Other A sia Pacific 0.25 0.31 0.30 0.35 0.39 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.41 0.42
0.40
-4.7% 4.8% 0.3%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 22.32 23.83 24.69 25.40 25.77 26.38 27.79 29.90 30.97 31.21 33.06 6.2% 4.0% 22.7%
Total World 116.42 119.50 121.43 122.20 125.17 128.02 131.51 138.08 140.63 138.44 145.35 5.3% 2.2% 100.0%
of which: OECD 55.69 56.99 58.18 57.26 58.45 59.62 60.40 63.45 64.91 63.31
64.62
2.3% 1.5% 44.5%
Non-OECD 60.74 62.50 63.25 64.94 66.72 68.40 71.11 74.63 75.72 75.13
80.73
7.8% 2.9% 55.5%
European Union 14.01 13.76 13.48 11.93 12.48 13.25 13.87 13.61 14.11 13.69
14.28
4.6% 0.2% 9.8%
Source: includes data from Cedigaz, FGE MENA natural gas service.
* Excludes natural gas converted to liquid fuels but includes derivatives of coal as well as natural gas consumed in gas-to-liquids transformation.
†Less than 0.005.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: The difference between these world consumption figures and the world production statistics is due to variations in stocks at storage facilities and liquefaction plants, together with
unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of gas supply and demand data.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Annual changes and share of total are calculated using exajoules figures.
33
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
0
4
8
12
20
US Henry Hub
Average German Import Price
UK NBP
Netherlands TTF Index
Japan LNG CIF
Japan Korea Marker (JKM)
Canada (Alberta)
2120
18 19
17
16
15
04
06
05
08
09
07
10
12
13
11
14
16
Prices
LNG Natural gas Crude oil
US dollars per million Btu
Japan
CIF
1
Japan Korea
Marker (JKM)
2
Average German
Import Price
3
UK
(Heren NBP Index)
4
Netherlands TTF
(DA Heren Index)
4
US
Henry Hub
5
Canada
(Alberta)
5
OECD
countries CIF
6
1984 5.10 – 4.00 – – – – 5.00
1985 5.23 – 4.25 – – – – 4.75
1986 4.10 – 3.93 – – – – 2.57
1987 3.35 – 2.55 – – – – 3.09
1988 3.34 – 2.22 – – – – 2.56
1989 3.28 – 2.00 – – 1.70 – 3.01
1990 3.64 – 2.78 – – 1.64 1.05 3.82
1991 3.99 – 3.23 – – 1.49 0.89 3.33
1992 3.62 – 2.70 – – 1.77 0.98 3.19
1993 3.52 – 2.51 – – 2.12 1.69 2.82
1994 3.18 – 2.35 – – 1.92 1.45 2.70
1995 3.46 – 2.43 – – 1.69 0.89 2.96
1996 3.66 – 2.50 1.87 – 2.76 1.12 3.54
1997 3.91 – 2.66 1.96 – 2.53 1.36 3.29
1998 3.05 – 2.33 1.86 – 2.08 1.42 2.16
1999 3.14 – 1.86 1.58 – 2.27 2.00 2.98
2000 4.72 – 2.91 2.71 – 4.23 3.75 4.83
2001 4.64 – 3.67 3.17 – 4.07 3.61 4.08
2002 4.27 – 3.21 2.37 – 3.33 2.57 4.17
2003 4.77 – 4.06 3.33 – 5.63 4.83 4.89
2004 5.18 – 4.30 4.46 – 5.85 5.03 6.27
2005 6.05 – 5.83 7.38 6.07 8.79 7.25 8.74
2006 7.13 – 7.87 7.87 7.46 6.76 5.83 10.66
2007 7.73 – 7.99 6.01 5.93 6.95 6.17 11.95
2008 12.55 – 11.60 10.79 10.66 8.85 7.99 16.76
2009 9.06 5.28 8.53 4.85 4.96 3.89 3.38 10.41
2010 10.93 7.72 8.03 6.56 6.77 4.39 3.69 13.47
2011 14.77 14.02 10.49 9.04 9.26 4.01 3.47 18.55
2012 16.75 15.12 10.93 9.46 9.45 2.76 2.27 18.82
2 013 16.17 16.56 10.73 10.64 9.75 3.71 2.93 18.25
2014 16.33 13.86 9.11 8.25 8.14 4.35 3.87 16.80
2015 10.27 7.45 6.72 6.53 6.44 2.60 2.01 8.77
2016 6.93 5.72 4.93 4.69 4.54 2.46 1.55 7.04
2017 8.10 7.13 5.62 5.80 5.72 2.96 1.58 8.97
2018 10.07 9.76 6.64 8.06 7.90 3.12 1.18 11.68
2019 9.94 5.49 5.03 4.47 4.45 2.51 1.27 10.82
2020 7.78 4.39 4.06 3.42 3.07 1.99 1.58 7.27
2021 10.07 18.60 8.94 15.80 16.02 3.84 2.75 11.82
.
1
Source: EDMC Energy Trend, bp analysis.
2
Source: S&P Global Platts ©2021, S&P Global Inc.
3
Source: 1986-1990 German Federal Statistical O ffice, 1991-2021 German Federal Office of Economics and Export Control (BAFA).
4
Source: ICIS Heren Energy Ltd.
5
Source: Energy Intelligence Group, Natural Gas Week.
6
Source: ©OECD/IEA 2021, Oil, Gas, Coal and Electricity, Quarterly Statistics www.iea.org/statistics.
Note: CIF = cost+insurance+freight (average prices).
Prices
$/mmBtu
34
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Natural gas: Inter-regional trade
Billion cubic metres 2011 2012 2013 2014 2 015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
US
Pipeline imports 85.0 80.8 75.9 71.8 71.6 79.5 80.5 76.6 73.3 68.2
75.9
11.7% -1.1% 7.4%
LNG imports 9.9 4.9 2.7 1.7 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.1 1.5 1.3
0.6
-54.3% -24.6% 0.1%
Total imports 94.9 85.6 78.6 73.5 74.1 82.0 82.7 78.8 74.7 69.5 76.5 10.4% -2.1% 7.5%
Pipeline expo rts 39.1 45.3 42.5 40.4 47.2 58.7 65.7 67.8 77.4 78.9
84.3
7.2% 8.0% 8.2%
LNG exports* 1.8 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.7 4.0 17.1 28.6 47.4 61.3
95.0
55.4% 49.1% 9.3%
Total exports 40.9 46.1 42.7 40.8 47.9 62.7 82.8 96.3 124.8 140.2 179.3 28.3% 15.9% 17.5%
Other North America
Pipeline imports 39.1 45.3 42.5 40.4 47.2 58.7 65.7 67.8 77.4 78.9
84.3
7.2% 8.0% 8.2%
LNG imports 7.0 6.5 8.8 9.8 7.4 5.9 7.0 7.5 7.1 3.4
1.6
-51.8% -13.6% 0.2%
Total imports 46.1 51.7 51.3 50.2 54.7 64.5 72.7 75.3 84.5 82.2 85.9 4.8% 6.4% 8.4%
Pipeline expo rts 85.0 80.8 75.9 71.8 71.6 79.5 80.5 76.6 73.3 68.2
75.9
11.7% -1.1% 7.4%
LNG exports* 0.1 – – † † † † 0.1 † †
†
-5.6% -23.6%
◆
Total exports 85.1 80.8 75.9 71.9 71.6 79.6 80.6 76.7 73.3 68.2 75.9 11.7% -1.1% 7.4%
Brazil
Pipeline imports 9.3 9.5 11.0 11.4 11.2 9.8 8.4 7.6 6.4 6.2
7.1
15.0% -2.6% 0.7%
LNG imports 0.7 3.5 5.2 7.1 6.8 2.6 1.7 2.9 3.2 3.3
10.1
203.8% 31.2% 1.0%
Total imports 9.9 13.0 16.3 18.5 18.0 12.4 10.1 10.5 9.7 9.5 17.2 81.2% 5.7% 1.7%
LNG exports* – 0.5 0.1 0.2 † 0.6 0.2 0.1 – –
0.1
– –
◆
Total exports – 0.5 0.1 0.2 † 0.6 0.2 0.1 – – 0.1 – –
◆
Other S&C America
LNG imports 9.3 11.1 12.9 12.5 12.1 12.6 11.7 11.6 9.9 10.5
14.3
35.9% 4.4% 1.4%
Total imports 9.3 11.1 12.9 12.5 12.1 12.6 11.7 11.6 9.9 10.5 14.3 35.9% 4.4% 1.4%
Pipeline expo rts 9.3 9.5 11.0 11.4 11.2 9.8 8.4 7.6 6.4 6.2
7.1
15.0% -2.6% 0.7%
LNG exports* 23.4 23.4 24.1 23.3 21.4 19.9 19.1 21.4 22.5 19.8
13.16
-33.5% -5.6% 1.3%
Total exports 32.7 32.9 35.1 34.7 32.6 29.7 27.5 29.0 28.9 26.0 20.3 -21.9% -4.7% 2.0%
Europe
Pipeline imports 234.4 228.5 234.1 209.4 214.9 230.6 247.4 247.3 236.7 210.5
232.8
10.9% -0.1% 22.8%
of which: Russia 186.0 177.0 187.3 164.0 169.4 176.3 193.2 193.2 191.3 166.9
167.0
0.3% -1.1% 16.3%
Africa 34.4 38.5 33.3 29.1 29.8 38.7 37.2 37.3 26.5 25.2
37.2
48.1% 0.8% 3.6%
Other CIS 5.7 4.7
5.2 7.6 8.1 8.2 8.1 9.2 11.5 13.3
19.5
47.0% 13.1% 1.9%
Middle East 8.3 8.2 8.2 8.7 7.5 7.4 8.9 7.6 7.4 5.1
9.1
77.8% 0.9% 0.9%
LNG imports 89.2 68.2 51.8 52.1 56.0 56.4 64.8 71.2 119.4 116.3
108.2
-6.6% 2.0% 10.6%
Total imports 323.6 296.7 285.8 261.4 270.9 287.0 312.2 318.5 356.1 326.8 341.0 4.6% 0.5% 33.4%
LNG exports* 6.1 8.1 9.0 13.0 11.0 10.6 7.9 11.7 8.8 7.0
3.8
-45.9% -4.6% 0.4%
Total exports 6.1 8.1 9.0 13.0 11.0 10.6 7.9 11.7 8.8 7.0 3.8 -45.8% -4.6% 0.4%
Russia
Pipeline imports 41.2 39.7 32.9 33.1 26.5 24.3 28.6 24.6 30.3 10.4
15.1
45.6% -9.5% 1.5%
Total imports 41.2 39.7 32.9 33.1 26.5 24.3 28.6 24.6 30.3 10.4 15.1 45.6% -9.5% 1.5%
Pipeline expo rts 210.6 201.5 210.7 189.6 194.2 202.0 219.7 222.4 220.7 197.1
201.7
2.6% -0.4% 19.7%
of which: Europe 186.0 177.0 187.3 164.0 169.4 176.3 193.2 193.2 191.3 166.9
167.0
0.3% -1.1% 16.3%
Other CIS 24.6 24.5 23.3 25.6 24.8 25.7 26.5 29.2 29.2 26.3
27.1
3.2% 1.0% 2.7%
LNG exports 14.3 14.3 14.5 13.6 14.6 14.6 15.4 24.9 39.1 41.8
39.6
-4.9% 10.7% 3.9%
Total exports 224.9 215.8 225.2 203.2 208.8 216.7 235.2 247.3 259.8 238.9 241.3 1.3% 0.7% 23.6%
Other CIS
Pipeline imports 25.4 25.2 24.0 26.3 25.4 26.3 28.6 30.4 29.8 26.9
27.6
3.0% 0.8% 2.7%
Total imports 25.4 25.2 24.0 26.3 25.4 26.3 28.6 30.4 29.8 26.9 27.6 3.0% 0.8% 2.7%
Pipeline expo rts 71.8 69.7 69.5 75.4 72.6 72.8 78.0 80.8 85.2 61.2
76.5
25.4% 0.6% 7.5%
of which: China 13.6 20.8 26.2 27.4 28.7 33.0 36.7 45.0 43.0 37.3
41.7
12.3% 11.8% 4.1%
Europe 5.7 4.7 5.2 7.6 8.1 8.2 8.1 9.2 11.5 13.3
19.5
47.0% 13.1% 1.9%
Middle East 11.4 4.5 5.2 7.3 9.3 7.3 4.6 2.0 0.4 0.2
0.2
-18.4% -34.5%
◆
Russia 41.2 39.7 32.9 33.1 26.5 24.3 28.6 24.6 30.3 10.4
15.1
45.6% -9.5% 1.5%
Total exports 71.8 69.7 69.5 75.4 72.6 72.8 78.0 80.8 85.2 61.2 76.5 25.4% 0.6% 7.5%
Middle East
Pipeline imports 13.0 5.3 6.3 7.6 9.6 7.3 4.6 2.1 1.6 0.6
0.9
45.9% -23.4% 0.1%
of which: Africa 1.6 0.8 1.1 0.3 0.3 – – 0.1 1.2 0.4
0.7
76.6% -7.7% 0.1%
Other CIS 11.4 4.5 5.2 7.3 9.3 7.3 4.6 2.0 0.4 0.2
0.2
-18.4% -34.5%
◆
LNG imports 4.4 4.2 4.3 5.3 9.8 13.7 13.0 9.4 9.4 9.1
9.6
5.8% 8.0% 0.9%
Total imports 17.4 9.4 10.6 12.9 19.4 21.1 17.7 11.5 11.0 9.7 10.5 8.4% -5.0% 1.0%
Pipeline expo rts 9.1 9.0 8.9 9.3 8.1 8.0 11.0 8.8 8.0
7.7
13.4
73.6% 3.9% 1.3%
LNG exports 128.7 130.3 135.2 132.2 125.4 126.0 122.3 125.9 127.5 127.3
129.7
2.2% 0.1% 12.7%
Total exports 137.9 139.3 144.2 141.5 133.5 133.9 133.2 134.8 135.6 135.0 143.1 6.3% 0.4% 14.0%
Africa
Pipeline imports – – – – – – – – – 2.1
3.8
85.6% – 0.4%
LNG imports – – – – 3.9 10.7 8.3 3.2 – –
–
– – –
Total imports – – – – 3.9 10.7 8.3 3.2 – 2.1 3.8 85.6% – 0.4%
Pipeline expo rts 36.1 39.3 34.4 29.4 30.1 38.7 37.2 37.5 27.7 25.6
38.0
48.6% 0.5% 3.7%
of which: Europe 34.4 38.5 33.3 29.1 29.8 38.7 37.2 37.3 26.5 25.2
37.2
48.1% 0.8% 3.6%
Middle East 1.6 0.8 1.1 0.3 0.3 – – 0.1 1.2 0.4
0.7
76.6% -7.7% 0.1%
LNG exports 56.4 54.2 47.0 49.5 48.5 46.2 55.7 53.5 61.6 56.0
58.5
4.7% 0.4% 5.7%
Total exports 92.4 93.5 81.4 78.8 78.6 84.9 92.9 90.9 89.4 81.7 96.5 18.5% 0.4% 9.4%
China
Pipeline imports 13.6 20.8 26.4 30.3 32.4 36.8 39.9 47.9 47.7 45.1
53.2
18.5% 14.6% 5.2%
of which: Other Asia – – 0.2 2.9 3.8 3.7 3.2 2.9 4.4 3.9
3.9
0.6% – 0.4%
Russia – – – – – – – – 0.3 3.9
7.6
96.0% – 0.7%
Other CIS 13.6 20.8 26.2 27.4 28.7 33.0 36.7 45.0 43.0 37.3
41.7
12.3% 11.8% 4.1%
LNG imports 16.9 20.1 25.1 27.3 27.0 36.8 52.9 73.5 84.7 94.0
109.5
16.8% 20.6% 10.7%
Total imports 30.5 40.8 51.5 57.5 59.4 73.5 92.8 121.3 132.5 139.1
162.7
17.3% 18.2% 15.9%
LNG exports* – – – – – – – – 0.1 –
–
– – –
Total exports – – – – – – – – 0.1 – – – – –
India
LNG imports 17.4 18.4 18.0 19.1 20.0 24.3 26.0 30.5 32.4 36.7
33.6
-8.1% 6.8% 3.3%
Total imports 17.4 18.4 18.0 19.1 20.0 24.3 26.0 30.5 32.4 36.7 33.6 -8.1% 6.8% 3.3%
LNG exports* – – – – 0.4 0.1 0.1 – 0.1 –
–
– – –
Total exports – – – – 0.4 0.1 0.1 – 0.1 – – – – –
OECD Asia
Pipeline imports 5.3 5.0 5.9 5.2 5.8 5.5 4.9 4.9 4.3 5.3
4.8
-9.3% -1.0% 0.5%
LNG imports 156.3 169.6 175.7 173.6 161.6 159.9 165.4 173.2 161.1 157.2
165.5
5.6% 0.6% 16.2%
Total imports 161.6 174.6 181.6 178.8 167.4 165.3 170.2 178.1 165.5 162.5 170.2 5.1% 0.5% 16.7%
LNG exports* 26.0 28.3 30.6 32.2 40.1 60.5 76.8 91.9 104.7 106.1
108.3
2.3% 15.3% 10.6%
Total exports
26.0 28.3 30.6 32.2 40.1 60.5 76.8 91.9 104.7 106.1 108.3 2.3% 15.3% 10.6%
Other A sia
LNG imports 17.3 18.5 22.4 25.2 29.8 33.0 40.2 45.5 55.3 58.4
63.2
8.6% 13.8% 6.2%
Total imports 17.3 18.5 22.4 25.2 29.8 33.0 40.2 45.5 55.3 58.4 63.2 8.6% 13.8% 6.2%
Pipeline expo rts 5.3 5.0 6.1 8.1 9.5 9.2 8.1 7.8 8.7 9.2
8.7
-5.1% 5.1% 0.9%
of which: China – – 0.2 2.9 3.8 3.7 3.2 2.9 4.4 3.9
3.9
0.6% – 0.4%
OECD Asia – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
LNG exports* 71.5 65.0 66.2 69.3 75.0 75.8 78.5 72.4 72.4 70.8
68.1
-3.6% -0.5% 6.7%
Total exports 76.8 70.0 72.3 77.5 84.5 85.0 86.6 80.2 81.1 80.0 76.8 -3.8%
◆
7.5%
World
Inter-regional pipeline trade 466.3 460.0 459.0 435.4 444.6 478.7 508.7 509.3 507.5 454.1
505.6
11.6% 0.8% 49.5%
LNG trade 328.3 324.9 326.8 333.6 337.1 358.3 393.3 430.4 484.2 490.1
516.2
5.6% 4.6% 50.5%
Total trade
794.6 784.9 785.9 769.1 781.7 836.9 902.0 939.7 991.6 944.3 1021.9 8.5% 2.5% 100.0%
*LNG exports include re-exports. Source: statistics are taken from national statistical agencies, international organizations, and other proprietary sources.
† Less than 0.05.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: As far as possible, the data above represents standard cubic metres (measured at 15°C and 1013 mbar) and have been standardized using a gross calorific value (GCV) of 40 MJ/m
3
.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
35
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Natural gas: LNG imports
Billion cubic metres 2011 2012 2013 2014 2 015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 3.2 1.6 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.8
0.7
-14.7% -13.9% 0.1%
Mexico 3.8 4.9 7.8 9.3 6.8 5.6 6.6 6.9 6.6 2.5
0.9
-64.3% -13.4% 0.2%
US 9.9 4.9 2.7 1.7 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.1 1.5 1.3
0.6
-54.3% -24.6% 0.1%
Total N orth America 16.8 11.4 11.4 11.5 10.0 8.3 9.2 9.6 8.6 4.6 2.2 -52.5% -18.4% 0.4%
Argentina 3.7 4.7 6.3 6.2 5.6 5.1 4.6 3.6 1.8 1.8
3.7
108.8% -0.1% 0.7%
Brazil 0.7 3.5 5.2 7.1 6.8 2.6 1.7 2.9 3.2 3.3
10.1
203.8% 31.2% 2.0%
Chile 3.7 4.0 3.8 3.5 3.7 4.5 4.4 4.3 3.3 3.7
4.5
22.0% 2.0% 0.9%
Other S. & Cent. America 1.9 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.8 3.0 2.8 3.7 4.8 5.1
6.1
20.5% 12.6% 1.2%
Total S. & Cent. America 9.9 14.6 18.1 19.6 18.9 15.2 13.5 14.5 13.1 13.9 24.4 76.4% 9.4% 4.7%
Belgium 6.3 4.1 3.1 2.9 3.6 2.4 1.3 3.3 7.3 6.4
5.5
-14.9% -1.5% 1.1%
France 14.4 9.8 8.3 6.9 6.4 9.1 10.9 12.7 23.2 19.1
18.1
-5.2% 2.3% 3.5%
Italy 9.1 7.1 5.8 4.5 5.9 5.9 8.3 8.2 13.5 12.5
9.5
-23.7% 0.5% 1.8%
Spain 23.9 21.4 15.7 16.2 13.7 13.8 16.6 15.0 22.0 20.9
20.8
-0.4% -1.4% 4.0%
Turkey 5.9 7.6 5.9 7.1 7.5 7.6 10.9 11.4 12.9 14.8
13.9
-5.9% 8.9% 2.7%
United Kingdom 24.7 13.9 9.2 11.2 13.7 10.7 6.6 7.2 17.1 18.6
14.9
-19.3% -4.9% 2.9%
Other European Union 4.9 4.4 3.7 3.3 5.2 6.9 10.2 13.4 23.5 23.8
25.5
7.4% 18.0% 4.9%
Rest of Europe – † – † – † 0.1 † † 0.1
0.1
-30.8% –
◆
Total Europe 89.2 68.2 51.8 52.1 56.0 56.4 64.8 71.2 119.4 116.3 108.2 -6.6% 2.0% 21.0%
Egypt – – – – 3.9 10.7 8.3 3.2 – –
–
– – –
Kuwait 3.0 2.8 2.3 3.6 4.3 4.7 4.8 4.3 5.1 5.7
7.7
35.5% 9.8% 1.5%
United Arab Emirates 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 2.9 4.2 3.0 1.0 1.6 1.5
1.7
9.8% 1.6% 0.3%
Other Middle East & Africa – – 0.5 0.1 2.7 4.8 5.3 4.0 2.7 1.9
0.2
-87.2% –
◆
Total Middle East & Africa 4.4 4.2 4.3 5.3 13.7 24.5 21.4 12.5 9.4 9.1 9.6 5.8% 8.0% 1.9%
China 16.9 20.1 25.1 27.3 27.0 36.8 52.9 73.5 84.7 94.0
109.5
16.8% 20.6% 21.2%
India 17.4 18.4 18.0 19.1 20.0 24.3 26.0 30.5 32.4 36.7
33.6
-8.1% 6.8% 6.5%
Japan 108.6 119.8 120.4 121.8 115.9 113.6 113.9
113.0 105.5 101.7
101.3
-0.1% -0.7% 19.6%
Malaysia – – 2.0 2.2 2.2 1.5 2.0 1.8 3.3 3.6
2.5
-32.4% – 0.5%
Pakistan – – – – 1.5 4.0 6.1 9.4 11.8 10.6
12.1
14.9% – 2.3%
Singapore – – 1.3 2.6 3.0 3.2 4.1 4.5 5.0 5.7
5.1
-10.4% – 1.0%
South Korea 47.7 49.7 55.3 51.8 45.8 46.3 51.4 60.2 55.6 55.4
64.1
16.0% 3.0% 12.4%
Taiwan 16.3 17.1 17.2 18.6 19.6 20.4 22.7 22.9 22.8 24.3
26.8
10.4% 5.1% 5.2%
Thailand 1.1 1.4 2.0 1.9 3.6 3.9 5.2 6.0 6.7 7.5
9.2
22.4% 24.1% 1.8%
Other A sia Pacific – 0.1 – – – – – 0.8 5.7 6.6
7.6
15.8% – 1.5%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 207.9 226.6 241.2 245.2 238.5 253.9 284.5 322.6 333.6 346.3 371.8 7.7% 6.0% 72.0%
Total LNG imports 328.3 324.9 326.8 333.6 337.1 358.3 393.3 430.4 484.2 490.1 516.2 5.6% 4.6% 100.0%
Source: statistics are taken from national statistical agencies, international organizations, and other proprietary sources. Includes data from GIIGNL, S&P Global.
Gross LNG trade
◆
Less than 0.05%.
† Less than 0.05.
Note: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
36
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Natural gas: Trade movements 2021 as LNG*
Billion cubic metres From
To
Canada † 0.1 0.6 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
0.7
Mexico 0.4 – 0.1 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.4 – – –
0.9
US – – 0.6 † – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
0.6
North America 0.4 0.1 1.3 † – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.4 – – –
2.2
Argentina 2.2 – 0.1 – – – – – 1.4 – – – – – – – – – – – – –
3.7
Brazil 8.7 – 0.3 – – 0.1 – – 0.9 – – – 0.1 – 0.1 – – – – – – –
10.1
Chile 3.4 – 0.7 – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.4 † – – – – –
4.5
Other S. & Cent. America 2.5 – 2.6 0.6 – 0.3 – – † – – – – † † – – – – – – †
6.1
S. & Cent. America 16.8 – 3.6 0.6 – 0.4 – – 2.3 – – – 0.1 † 0.1 0.4 † – – – – †
24.4
Belgium 0.2 – – – – – 1.9 – 3.2 – – 0.1 – 0.1 – – – – – – – –
5.5
France 4.3 0.1 – 0.1 – – 4.7 – 0.7 – – 4.5 – 0.2 3.5 – – – – – – –
18.1
Italy 1.0 – 0.2 – – 0.1 – – 6.5 – – 1.3 – 0.3 0.3 – – – – – – –
9.5
Spain 5.8 0.1 1.1 – – 0.1 3.3 – 2.4 – – 2.1 0.4 0.4 4.3 0.8 0.1 – – – † –
20.8
Turkey 4.5 – 0.2 – – † – – 0.3 – – 6.1 – 1.3 1.5 – – – – – – –
13.9
United Kingdom 4.0 0.8 0.2 – – 0.1 3.0 – 6.0 – – 0.7 – – 0.1 – – – – – – –
14.9
Other European Union 11.1 0.3 0.8 † 0.2 0.4 4.4 – 3.5 – – 0.6 0.4 0.3 3.4 0.2 – – – – – –
25.5
Rest of Europe – – – – – 0.1 † – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – –
0.1
Europe 30.8 1.3 2.4 0.1 0.2 0.8 17.4 – 22.5 – – 15.4 0.8 2.5 13.0 1.0 0.1 – – – † –
108.2
Egypt
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
–
Kuwait
0.9 – 0.2 – – 0.3 – 0.4 3.6 0.3 – 0.1 0.1 0.4 1.3 0.1 – – – – – 0.1
7.7
United Arab Emirates
– – – – – – – – 1.4 – – – 0.1 – 0.2 – – – – – – –
1.7
Other Middle East & Africa
0.2 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
0.2
Middle East & Africa
1.2 – 0.2 – – 0.3 – 0.4 5.0 0.3 – 0.1 0.2 0.4 1.5 0.1 – – – – – 0.1
9.6
China
12.4 0.2 0.6 † – 0.5 6.2 2.2 12.3 1.0 – 0.3 0.6 1.7 2.1 1.4 43.6 0.9 6.6 11.7 4.5 0.6
109.5
India
5.6 – 0.4 – – 0.6 0.6 1.7 13.6 4.9 – 0.1 1.4 1.5 2.0 0.8 0.4 – – 0.1 – –
33.6
Japan
9.6 0.7 – – – 0.2 8.8 2.6 12.3 1.8 – – – 0.3 1.2 0.4 36.3 5.8 2.6 13.9 4.8 0.2
101.3
Malaysia
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.1 – 2.1 0.3 – – – –
2.5
Pakistan
1.2 – – – – 0.2 – † 8.1 0.3 – – 0.8 1.1 0.2 0.1 – – – – – –
12.1
Singapore
0.7 – – – – – 0.1 – 0.2 – – – 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 3.0 – 0.1 0.1 – –
5.1
South Korea
12.1 1.2 0.1 – – 0.2 3.9 6.3 16.1 0.4 – – 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.4 12.9 0.3 3.3 5.3 0.3 0.1
64.1
Taiwan
2.4 – 0.2 – – – 2.6 0.6 6.5 0.1 – – – 0.3 0.8 0.3 8.6 0.1 1.6 0.7 2.0 –
26.8
Thailand
0.5 – 0.3 – – 0.1 – 0.3 3.6 – – – 0.2 – 1.2 0.3 1.0 0.3 – 1.5 – –
9.2
Other A sia Pacific
1.2 – – – – 0.4 0.1 – 4.1 – – 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 – 0.1 0.2 – 0.1
7.6
Asia Pacific 45.8 2.1 1.6 †
– 2.2 22.2 13.8 76.9 8.5 – 0.6 3.5 6.1 8.7 3.9 108.0 7.6 14.3 33.5 11.5 0.9
371.8
Total exports 95.0 3.5 9.1 0.7 0.2 3.6 39.6 14.2 106.8 8.8 – 16.1 4.7 9.0 23.3 5.4 108.1 7.6 14.6 33.5 11.5 1.0 516.2
Source: statistics are taken from national statistical agencies, international organizat ions, and other proprietary sources. Includes data from GIIGNL , S&P Global.
* Includes re-exports.
†Less than 0.05.
Note: As far as possible, the data above represents standard cubic metres (measured at 15ºC and 1013 mbar) and has been standardized using a gross calorific value (GCV) of 40 MJ/m
3
.
Norway
Peru
US
Other
Americas*
Trinidad &
Tobago
Other Europe*
Russian
Federation
Oman
Qatar
United Arab
Emirates
Yemen
Algeria
Egypt
Angola
Nigeria
Other Africa
Australia
Brunei
Indonesia
Malaysia
Papua New
Guinea
Other Asia
Pacific*
Total
imports
Natural gas: LNG exports
Billion cubic metres 2011 2012 2013 2014 2 015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
US 1.8 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.7 4.0 17.1 28.6 47.4 61.3
95.0
55.4% 49.1% 18.4%
Peru 5.2 5.1 5.7 5.7 5.0 5.5 5.5 4.8 5.3 5.0
3.5
-31.1% -4.0% 0.7%
Trinidad & Tobago 18.2 18.3 18.4 17.6 16.4 14.3 13.5 16.6 17.1 14.3
9.1
-35.9% -6.7% 1.8%
Other Americas* 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2 † 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.5
0.7
31.6% 24.0% 0.1%
Total Americas 25.2 24.7 24.3 23.9 22.1 24.5 36.5 50.1 69.9 81.2 108.3 33.8% 15.7% 21.0%
Russia 14.3 14.3 14.5 13.6 14.6 14.6 15.4 24.9 39.1 41.8
39.6
-4.9% 10.7% 7.7%
Norway 4.4 4.6 3.8 4.6 5.6 6.1 5.4 6.8 6.9 4.3
0.2
-95.9% -27.5%
◆
Other Europe* 1.7 3.6 5.2 8.4 5.4 4.5 2.5 5.0 1.9 2.7
3.6
32.2% 7.8% 0.7%
Total Europe & CIS 20.4 22.4 23.5 26.6 25.6 25.3 23.4 36.7 47.9 48.8 43.4 -10.8% 7.8% 8.4%
Oman 11.0 11.1 11.5 10.6 10.2 11.0 11.4 13.6 14.1 13.2
14.2
7.7% 2.6% 2.7%
Qatar 100.7 104.0 105.8 103.6 105.6 107.3 103.6 104.9 105.8 106.5
106.8
0.6% 0.6% 20.7%
United Arab Emirates 8.3 8.1 7.9 8.6 7.6 7.7 7.3 7.4 7.7 7.6
8.8
15.4% 0.6% 1.7%
Yemen 8.8 7.1 9.9 9.4 1.9 – – – – –
–
– -100.0% –
Total Middle East 128.7 130.3 135.2 132.2 125.4 126.0 122.3 125.9 127.5 127.3 129.7 2.2% 0.1% 25.1%
Algeria 16.7 14.9 15.0 17.4 16.6 15.5 16.4 13.1 16.8 14.6
16.1
10.5% -0.4% 3.1%
Angola – – 0.4 0.4 – 0.9 5.0 5.2 5.8 6.1
4.7
-23.0% – 0.9%
Egypt 9.0 6.9 3.9 0.4 – 0.8 1.2 2.0 4.7 1.8
9.0
400.3%
◆
1.7%
Nigeria 25.7 27.9 22.5 26.1 26.9 24.6 28.3 27.8 28.8 28.4
23.3
-17.7% -1.0% 4.5%
Other Africa 5.0 4.6 5.2 5.0 5.0 4.4 4.8 5.4 5.6 5.1
5.4
6.0% 0.8% 1.0%
Total Africa 56.4 54.2 47.0 49.5 48.5 46.2 55.7 53.5 61.6 56.0 58.5 4.7% 0.4% 11.3%
Australia 26.0 28.3 30.5 32.0 39.9 60.4 76.6 91.8 104.7 106.0
108.1
2.2% 15.3% 20.9%
Brunei 9.6 9.2 9.5 8.6 8.7 8.6 9.1 8.5 8.8 8.4
7.6
-9.8% -2.3% 1.5%
Indonesia 28.7 24.4 23.1 21.7 21.6 22.4 21.7 20.8 16.5 16.8
14.6
-12.5% -6.5% 2.8%
Malaysia 33.2 31.4 33.6 34.0 34.3 33.6 36.1 33.0 35.2 32.5
33.5
3.3% 0.1% 6.5%
Papua New Gu inea – – – 5.0 10.1 10.9 11.1 9.5 11.6 11.6
11.5
-0.8% – 2.2%
Other A sia Pacific* – – 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.5 0.8
0.6 0.5 1.4
1.0
-30.7% – 0.2%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 97.5 93.3 96.8 101.5 115.5 136.4 155.4 164.3 177.2 176.9 176.3
◆
6.1% 34.2%
Total LNG exports 328.3 324.9 326.8 333.6 337.1 358.3 393.3 430.4 484.2 490.1 516.2 5.6% 4.6% 100.0%
Source: statistics are taken from national statistical agencies, international organizations, and other proprietary sources. Includes data from GIIGNL, S&P Global.
Gross LNG trade.
* Largely con sists of re-exports.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Note: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
37
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Natural gas: Trade movements 2021 by pipeline
Billion cubic metres From
To
Canada – – 25.5 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
25.5
Mexico – – 58.7 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
58.7
US 75.9 † – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
75.9
North America 75.9 † 84.3 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
160.2
Argentina – – – 4.5 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
4.5
Brazil – – – 7.0 0.1 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
7.1
Other S. & Cent. America – – – – 0.8 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
0.8
S. & Cent. America – – – 11.5 0.9 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
12.4
European Union – – – – – – 80.9 11.2 8.2 – 132.3 – – – – – 34.1 3.1 – – – –
269.8
Rest of Europe – – – – – 12.3 31.9 – 11.3 – 34.7 – – 9.1 – – – – – – – –
99.3
Europe – – – – – 12.3 112.9 11.2 19.5 – 167.0 – – 9.1 – – 34.1 3.1 – – – –
369.1
Belarus
– – – – – – – – – – 18.7 – – – – – – – – – – –
18.7
Kazakhstan
– – – – – – – – – – 2.7 – – – – – – – – – – –
2.7
Russian Federation
– – – – – – – – – 4.6 – 10.5 – – – – – – – – – –
15.1
Other CIS
– – – – – – – † – – 5.7 – 0.2 0.5 – – – – – – – –
6.4
CIS
– – – – – – – † – 4.6 27.1 10.5 0.2 0.5 – – – – – – – –
42.9
United Arab Emirates
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – 19.5 – – – – – – –
19.5
Other Middle East
– – – – – – – – 0.2 – – – – 7.7 1.6 2.8 – – 0.7 – – –
13.1
Middle East
– – – – – – – – 0.2 – – – – 7.7 21.1 2.8 – – 0.7 – – –
32.5
South Africa
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 3.5 – – –
3.5
Other Africa
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 3.8 4.8 – 0.9 – – –
9.5
Africa
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 3.8 4.8 – 4.4 – – –
13.0
Australia
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 4.8
4.8
China
– – – – – – – – – 5.9 7.6 31.5 4.3 – – – – – – – 3.9 –
53.2
Malaysia
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.4 – –
0.4
Singapore
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 7.2 – 2.0
9.1
Thailand
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 6.7 –
6.7
Asia Pacific – – – – – – – – – 5.9 7.6 31.5 4.3 – – – – – – 7.5 10.6 6.7
74.2
Total exports 75.9 † 84.3 11.5 0.9 12.3 112.9 11.2 19.6 10.6 201.7 42.1 4.5 17.3 21.1 6.7 38.9 3.1 5.2 7.5 10.6 6.7 704.4
Source: statistics are taken from national statistical agencies, international organizations, and other proprietary sources. Includes data from FGE M ENA natural gas service, S&P Global.
†Less than 0.05.
Note: As far as possible, the data above represents standard cubic metres (measured at 15ºC and 1013 mbar) and has been standardized using a gross calorific value (GCV) of 40 MJ/m3.
1
Includes all of non-EU Euro pe other than Norway.
Bolivia
Canada
US
Mexico
Other S. & Cent.
America
European Union
Norway
Other Europe
1
Azerb aijan
Kazakhstan
Russian
Federation
Other
Middle East
Uzbekistan
Turkmenistan
Iran
Qatar
Algeria
Libya
Other Africa
Indonesia
Myanmar
Other Asia
Pacific
Total
imports
75.9
25.5
58.7
30.8
7.0
27.1
167.0
6.7
7.5
45.8
17.9
34.1
6.7
21.1
19.5
41.7
7.6
32.7
57.8
15.3
46.7
43.6 15.6
40.6
6.2
23.7
Pi
p
eline
g
as
LN
G
15.1
9.1
14.8
16.8
17.4
112.9
5.7
8.4
22.5
US
Canada
Mexico
S. & Cent. America
Europe
Middle East
Africa
Asia Pacific
CIS
Major trade movements 2021
Trade flows worldwide (billion cubic metr es)
38
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Coal: Production*
Exajoules 2011 2012 2 013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 1.48 1.49 1.53 1.51 1.36 1.37 1.33 1.22 1.20 1.04
1.14
9.0% -2.6% 0.7%
Mexico 0.39 0.31 0.30 0.30 0.29 0.25 0.31 0.28 0.23 0.19
0.18
-3.7% -7.3% 0.1%
US 22.27 20.72 20.05 20.33 17.99 14.70 15.66 15.40 14.29 10.73
11.65
8.9% -6.3% 7.0%
Total N orth America 24.15 22.53 21.87 22.15 19.64 16.33 17.30 16.90 15.72 11.96
12.97
8.7% -6.0% 7.7%
Brazil 0.11 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.12 0.11 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.10
0.12
23.4% 0.8% 0.1%
Colombia 2.47 2.58 2.47 2.57 2.49 2.62 2.63 2.48 2.45 1.50
1.71
14.2% -3.6% 1.0%
Venezuela 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01
†
-44.5% -24.5%
◆
Other S. & Cent. America 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.01
†
-62.2% -11.9%
◆
Total S. & Cent. America 2.68 2.78 2.73 2.87 2.73 2.84 2.79 2.65 2.58 1.63
1.85
13.9% -3.6% 1.1%
Bulgaria 0.26 0.23 0.20 0.21 0.25 0.21 0.24 0.22 0.20 0.16
0.20
25.2% -2.4% 0.1%
Czech Republic 0.88 0.85 0.74 0.71 0.71 0.67 0.64 0.62 0.56 0.43
0.43
0.2% -7.0% 0.3%
Germany 1.96 2.00 1.89 1.85 1.79 1.66 1.65 1.58 1.19 0.98
1.15
18.1% -5.2% 0.7%
Greece 0.31 0.34 0.28 0.27 0.24 0.33 0.38 0.37 0.13 0.07
0.06
-12.4% -15.3%
◆
Hungary 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04
0.03
-18.3% -7.4%
◆
Poland 2.33 2.42 2.39 2.26 2.22 2.18 2.08 1.98 1.87 1.68
1.76
4.8% -2.8% 1.1%
Romania 0.28 0.27 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.18 0.19 0.17 0.16 0.11
0.13
18.5% -7.5% 0.1%
Serbia 0.33 0.31 0.32 0.24 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.28 0.29 0.30
0.28
-7.9% -1.6% 0.2%
Spain 0.11 0.10 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.04 † †
†
4.1% -33.3%
◆
Turkey 0.75 0.71 0.65 0.68 0.54 0.65 0.63 0.69 0.73 0.66
0.75
14.4%
◆
0.4%
Ukraine 1.52 1.64 1.60 1.09 0.72 0.76 0.57 0.61 0.60 0.53
0.54
2.3% -9.8% 0.3%
United Kingdom 0.48 0.44 0.33 0.31 0.23 0.12 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.05
0.03
-36.8% -24.1%
◆
Other Europe 0.66 0.57 0.68 0.65 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.79 0.51 0.45
0.41
-8.1% -4.6% 0.2%
Total Europe 9.94 9.95 9.42 8.59 7.87 7.73 7.45 7.47 6.35 5.47
5.78
6.1% -5.3% 3.5%
Kazakhstan 2.08 2.16 2.15 2.05 1.93 1.85 2.02 2.13 2.07 2.05
2.09
2.5%
◆
1.2%
Russian Federation 6.60 7.05 7.25 7.39 7.80 8.12 8.62 9.23 9.23 8.42
9.14
8.8% 3.3% 5.5%
Uzbekistan 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.05
0.05 0.05 0.05
0.06
16.0% 2.4%
◆
Other CIS 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.12 0.11
0.12
11.5% 9.9% 0.1%
Total CIS 8.77 9.31 9.51 9.56 9.84 10.10 10.78 11.52 11.47 10.62
11.41
7.7% 2.7% 6.8%
Total Middle East 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.04
0.04
– 2.5%
◆
South Africa 6.00 6.14 6.08 6.20 5.96 6.01 5.97 6.01 6.02 5.82
5.55
-4.3% -0.8% 3.3%
Zimbabwe 0.07 0.04 0.08 0.16 0.12 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.07 0.07
0.09
20.0% 2.4% 0.1%
Other Africa 0.05 0.18 0.21 0.24 0.25 0.24 0.41 0.52 0.38 0.31
0.40
28.8% 23.2% 0.2%
Total Africa 6.11 6.36 6.38 6.59 6.33 6.32 6.47 6.62 6.47 6.21
6.04
-2.4% -0.1% 3.6%
Australia 10.26 11.13 11.97 12.81 12.80 12.83 12.50 13.09 13.18 12.18
12.43
2.4% 1.9% 7.4%
China 77.53 78.44 79.32 78.05 76.59 70.82 73.17 76.87 79.76 80.51
85.15
6.0% 0.9% 50.8%
India 10.49 10.68 10.71 11.28 11.77 11.89 11.99 12.80 12.60 12.63
13.47
6.9% 2.5% 8.0%
Indonesia 8.72 9.52 11.70 11.30 11.39 11.25 11.38 13.76 15.20 13.91
15.15
9.2% 5.7% 9.0%
Japan 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.02
-12.4% -5.5%
◆
Mongolia 0.63 0.59 0.64 0.47 0.46 0.67 0.94 1.04 1.09 0.82
0.62
-24.8% -0.2% 0.4%
New Zealand 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.07
0.08
2.7% -5.2%
◆
Pakistan 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.13 0.17
0.14
-13.9% 8.8% 0.1%
South Korea 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.02
-11.6% -7.3%
◆
Thailand 0.25 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.16 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.14
0.15
7.6% -5.2% 0.1%
Vi etnam 1.09 0.99 0.96 0.96 0.98 0.91 0.90 0.99 1.09 1.13
1.12
-0.8% 0.3% 0.7%
Other A sia Pacific 0.93 0.96 0.98 0.99 1.06 1.33 1.14 1.06 1.20 1.11
1.16
4.3% 2.2% 0.7%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 110.16 112.76 116.71 116.30 115.40 110.09 112.41 119.99 124.51 122.72
129.49
5.8% 1.6% 77.3%
Total World 161.85 163.72 166.66 166.09 161.85 153.44 157.24 165.19 167.14 158.65 167.58 5.9% 0.3% 100.0%
of which: OECD 44.39 43.71 43.43 44.44 41.31 38.00 38.50 38.40 36.33 29.88
31.61
6.1% -3.3% 18.9%
Non-OECD 117.46 120.01 123.23 121.65 120.54 115.44 118.74 126.79 130.81 128.77
135.97
5.9% 1.5% 81.1%
European Union 6.57 6.57 6.23 5.98 5.80 5.61 5.59 5.37 4.41 3.67
3.93
7.5% -5.0% 2.3%
Source: statistics are taken from national statistical agencies, international organizations, and other proprietary sources.
* Commercial solid fuels only, i.e. bituminous coal and anthracite (hard coal), and lignite and brown (sub-bituminous) coal, and other commercial solid fuels. Includes coal produced for Coal-to-Liquids
and Coal-to-Gas transformations.
†Less than 0.005.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Note: Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using exajoules figures. Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Coal
39
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Coal: Consumption*
Exajoules 2011 2012 2 013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 0.93 0.88 0.86 0.82 0.82 0.77 0.80 0.65 0.61 0.53
0.48
-8.4% -6.4% 0.3%
Mexico 0.62 0.54 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.52 0.64 0.57 0.54 0.24
0.23
-3.0% -9.3% 0.1%
US 19.70 17.42 18.08 18.04 15.58 14.26 13.87 13.28 11.34 9.20
10.57
15.2% -6.0% 6.6%
Total N orth America 21.25 18.84 19.48 19.39 16.94 15.55 15.30 14.50 12.50 9.97
11.28
13.5% -6.1% 7.0%
Argentina 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.04
0.07
82.8% 2.2%
◆
Brazil 0.65 0.64 0.69 0.73 0.74 0.67 0.70 0.69 0.65 0.59
0.71
21.6% 1.0% 0.4%
Chile 0.24 0.28 0.32 0.32 0.31 0.31 0.32 0.31 0.31 0.26
0.26
0.8% 0.9% 0.2%
Colombia 0.16 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.21 0.23 0.17 0.16 0.20 0.17
0.13
-22.1% -2.0% 0.1%
Ecuador † † † † † † † † † †
†
96.4% 17.6%
◆
Peru 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.04
0.05
9.6% 3.0%
◆
Trinidad & Tobago – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Venezuela 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 † † † †
†
-44.5% -26.4%
◆
Central America 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.07
0.09
33.0% 14.1% 0.1%
Other Caribbean 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.11 0.15
0.15
1.9% 6.6% 0.1%
Other South America † † † † † † † † † †
†
47.5% 7.7%
◆
Total S. & Cent. America 1.25 1.31 1.44 1.51 1.48 1.44 1.41 1.39 1.42 1.31
1.46
11.4% 1.6% 0.9%
Austria 0.15 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.10
0.11
8.0% -2.5% 0.1%
Belgium 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.10
0.10
3.7% -3.5% 0.1%
Bulgaria 0.34 0.29 0.25 0.27 0.27 0.24 0.26 0.23 0.21 0.17
0.22
26.0% -4.3% 0.1%
Croatia 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.02
18.7% -4.8%
◆
Cyprus † † † † † † † † † †
†
196.9% 19.6%
◆
Czech Republic 0.77 0.74 0.71 0.69 0.68 0.69 0.66 0.65 0.60 0.52
0.54
4.2% -3.5% 0.3%
Denmark 0.14 0.10 0.14 0.11 0.07 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.04 0.03
0.05
39.6% -10.2%
◆
Estonia 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.15 0.16 0.18 0.18 0.13 0.11
0.12
16.9% -3.2% 0.1%
Finland 0.23 0.19 0.21 0.19 0.16 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.15 0.11
0.12
4.6% -6.5% 0.1%
France 0.41 0.46 0.48 0.36 0.36 0.35 0.38
0.34 0.27 0.19
0.23
20.5% -5.5% 0.1%
Germany 3.28 3.37 3.47 3.33 3.29 3.20 3.01 2.90 2.25 1.81
2.12
17.5% -4.3% 1.3%
Greece 0.33 0.34 0.29 0.28 0.24 0.18 0.01 0.20 0.13 0.08
0.07
-3.2% -13.9%
◆
Hungary 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.07
0.06
-13.9% -6.1%
◆
Iceland † † † † † † † † † –
–
– -100.0% –
Ireland 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.03
0.05
67.9% -4.3%
◆
Italy 0.64 0.66 0.57 0.55 0.52 0.46 0.40 0.37 0.28 0.21
0.23
8.1% -9.8% 0.1%
Latvia † † † † † † † † † †
†
39.5% -11.7%
◆
Lithuania 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01
18.0% -2.7%
◆
Luxembourg † † † † † † † † † †
†
-11.7% -5.3%
◆
Netherlands 0.31 0.34 0.34 0.38 0.46 0.43 0.39 0.35 0.27 0.17
0.23
36.6% -2.8% 0.1%
North Macedonia 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03
0.03
-13.6% -8.5%
◆
Norway 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
0.03
2.2% -0.7%
◆
Poland 2.30 2.14 2.23 2.07 2.04 2.07 2.08 2.09 1.86 1.72
1.88
9.6% -2.0% 1.2%
Portugal 0.09 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.14 0.12 0.14 0.11 0.05 0.02
0.01
-54.6% -19.4%
◆
Romania 0.34 0.32 0.25 0.24 0.25 0.22 0.23 0.21 0.21 0.15
0.17
15.9% -6.6% 0.1%
Slovakia 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.11 0.10
0.12
26.7% -2.2% 0.1%
Slove nia 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04
0.03
-17.5% -5.5%
◆
Spain 0.54 0.65 0.48 0.49 0.57 0.44 0.56 0.48 0.21 0.12
0.16
30.3% -11.3% 0.1%
Sweden 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.07
0.06
-16.4% -5.8%
◆
Switzerland 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 † † † † †
†
– -4.4%
◆
Turkey 1.42 1.53 1.32 1.51 1.45 1.61 1.65 1.71 1.76 1.70
1.74
2.8% 2.1% 1.1%
Ukraine 1.74 1.79 1.73 1.49 1.14 1.36 1.08 1.17 1.09 0.96
0.95
◆
-5.8% 0.6%
United Kingdom 1.32 1.63 1.55 1.25 0.97 0.46 0.38 0.32 0.22 0.20
0.21
3.2% -16.8% 0.1%
Other Europe 0.66 0.59 0.61 0.50 0.58 0.60 0.59 0.59 0.57 0.59
0.31
-47.2% -7.3% 0.2%
Total Europe 15.98 16.34 15.80 14.84 14.20 13.69 13.04 12.91 11.02 9.48
10.01
5.9% -4.6% 6.3%
Azerbaijan † † † † † † † † † †
†
– -16.6%
◆
Belarus 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.04
0.03
-12.9% -0.6%
◆
Kazakhstan 1.52 1.58 1.57 1.55 1.43 1.42 1.52 1.70 1.66 1.56
1.56
0.2% 0.2% 1.0%
Russian Federation 3.94 4.12 3.79 3.67 3.86 3.74 3.51 3.63 3.57 3.29
3.41
4.0% -1.4% 2.1%
Turkmenistan – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Uzbekistan 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.09 0.08 0.10
0.07
-28.6% 7.5%
◆
Other CIS 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09
0.10
15.5% 7.8% 0.1%
Total CIS 5.57 5.84 5.52 5.39 5.45 5.33 5.22 5.56 5.45 5.08
5.17
2.2% -0.7% 3.2%
Iran 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07
0.07
– 2.2%
◆
Iraq – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Israel 0.33 0.37 0.30 0.28 0.27 0.23 0.21 0.20 0.21 0.18
0.16
-10.3% -6.9% 0.1%
Kuwait † † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 †
†
110.4% 16.9%
◆
Oman † † † † † † † † 0.01 0.01
0.01
-3.1% 40.9%
◆
Qatar – † † † † † † † † †
†
– –
◆
Saudi Arabia † † † 0.01 † † † † † †
†
– 3.0%
◆
United Arab Emirates 0.02 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.08
0.07
-6.3% 14.8%
◆
Other Middle East 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01
-11.8% -5.3%
◆
Total Middle East 0.43 0.50 0.47 0.47 0.44 0.41 0.40 0.39 0.40 0.36
0.34
-6.6% -2.3% 0.2%
Algeria 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 † 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.02
– 4.2%
◆
Egypt 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.08 0.03
0.05
62.1% 10.7%
◆
Morocco 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.17 0.19 0.18 0.19 0.22 0.28 0.28
0.31
10.1% 9.4% 0.2%
South Africa 3.79 3.70 3.70 3.75 3.52 3.78 3.72 3.53 3.76 3.56
3.53
-0.5% -0.7% 2.2%
Eastern Africa 0.12 0.10 0.16 0.24 0.20 0.16 0.20 0.22 0.19 0.19
0.20
7.8% 4.9% 0.1%
Middle Africa 0.01 † † † † † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01
-15.2% 1.7%
◆
Western Africa 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
0.03
16.0% 8.1%
◆
Other Northern Afri ca † † – – – – – – – –
–
– -100.0% –
Other Southe rn Africa 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06
0.06
5.6% 4.0%
◆
Total Africa 4.13 4.03 4.07 4.26 4.03 4.27 4.27 4.19 4.43 4.17
4.21
1.2% 0.2% 2.6%
Australia 2.13 2.00 1.89 1.88 1.95 1.94 1.88 1.83 1.75 1.69
1.63
-3.1% -2.6% 1.0%
Bangladesh 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.09 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.14 0.16
0.14
-12.1% 11.4% 0.1%
China 79.71 80.71 82.43 82.48 80.92 80.19 80.56 81.05 81.70 82.38
86.17
4.9% 0.8% 53.8%
China Hong Kong SAR 0.31 0.31 0.33 0.34 0.28 0.28 0.26 0.27 0.26 0.14
0.15
11.4% -6.8% 0.1%
India 12.76 14.02 14.87 16.36 16.55 16.88 17.44 18.58 18.59 17.40
20.09
15.8% 4.6% 12.5%
Indonesia 1.96 2.03 1.78 1.88 2.14 2.23 2.39 2.84 3.41 3.25
3.28
1.2% 5.3% 2.0%
Japan 4.62 4.88 5.07 4.99 5.03 5.02 5.10 4.99 4.91 4.57
4.80
5.2% 0.4% 3.0%
Malaysia 0.62 0.66 0.63 0.64 0.73 0.78 0.87 0.93 0.88 0.98
0.89
-9.0% 3.7% 0.6%
New Zealand 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06
0.07
17.6% 2.1%
◆
Pakistan 0.17 0.17 0.13 0.20 0.20 0.22 0.30 0.50 0.56 0.64
0.67
5.1% 14.9% 0.4%
Philippines 0.32 0.34 0.42 0.45 0.49 0.55 0.65 0.68 0.73 0.73
0.79
8.7% 9.3% 0.5%
Singapore † † 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.03
80.1% 61.6%
◆
South Korea 3.50 3.38 3.41 3.53 3.58 3.41 3.61 3.63 3.44 3.02
3.04
0.7% -1.4% 1.9%
Sri Lanka 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.06
0.06
-3.8% 17.0%
◆
Taiwan 1.69 1.65 1.68 1.70 1.65 1.67 1.70 1.70 1.67 1.56
1.67
7.7% -0.1% 1.0%
Thailand 0.66 0.69 0.68 0.75 0.73 0.75 0.75 0.80 0.71 0.76
0.81
6.0% 2.1% 0.5%
Vi etnam 0.73 0.67 0.72 0.87 1.10 1.19 1.19 1.58 2.09 2.10
2.15
2.5% 11.4% 1.3%
Other A sia Pacific 0.56 0.58 0.45 0.51 0.49 0.62 0.96 0.98 1.12 1.17
1.19
1.6% 7.8% 0.7%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 109.85 112.20 114.66 116.72 116.05 115.94 117.87 120.59 122.11 120.70
127.63
6.0% 1.5% 79.7%
Total World 158.46 159.06 161.43 162.58 158.60 156.61 157.51 159.54 157.32 151.07 160.10 6.3% 0.1% 100.0%
of which: OECD 45.11 43.27 43.63 42.93 40.22 37.95 37.47 36.34 32.25 27.50
29.69
8.3% -4.1% 18.5%
Non-OECD 113.35 115.79 117.80 119.65 118.37 118.66 120.03 123.20 125.07 123.57
130.41
5.8% 1.4% 81.5%
European Union 10.75 10.70 10.50 10.00 9.98 9.58 9.25 9.04 7.30 5.97
6.74
13.2% -4.6% 4.2%
*
Commercial solid fu els only, i.e. bituminous coal and anthracite (hard coal), and lign ite and brown (su b-bituminous) coal , Source: statistics are taken from national statistical agencies,
and other commercial solid fuels. Excludes coal converted to liquid or gaseous fuels, but includes coal consumed international organizations, and other proprietary sources.
in transformation processes.
†Less than 0.005.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: Differences between these consumption figures and the world production statistics are accounted for by stock changes, and unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement or
conversion of coal supply and demand data.
Annual changes and share of total are calculated using exajoules figures. Growth rate s are adjus ted for lea p years.
40
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Coal: Trade movements
Exajoules 2011 2012 2 013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Imports
Canada 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.26 0.22 0.19 0.22 0.23 0.21 0.17
0.20
12.9% -1.9% 0.6%
Mexico 0.21 0.22 0.20 0.22 0.23 0.21 0.34 0.34 0.24 0.03
0.06
86.7% -11.9% 0.2%
US 0.36 0.27 0.24 0.28 0.28 0.25 0.19 0.15 0.17 0.14
0.15
5.4% -8.4% 0.4%
S. & Cent. America 0.99 0.88 1.06 1.06 1.00 1.06 1.23 1.21 1.12 1.04
1.25
20.2% 2.4% 3.7%
Europe 5.63 6.09 5.85 6.09 6.03 5.40 5.86 6.44 5.11 3.91
4.38
12.4% -2.5% 13.1%
CIS 0.59 0.53 0.56 0.56 0.53 0.48 0.60 0.66 0.70 0.65
0.67
3.7% 1.3% 2.0%
Middle East 0.43 0.49 0.44 0.49 0.38 0.34 0.37 0.38 0.32 0.31
0.29
-4.4% -3.8% 0.9%
Africa 0.34 0.31 0.81 0.37 0.44 0.50 0.63 0.86 0.62 0.51
0.68
32.4% 7.1% 2.0%
China 5.20 6.71 7.63 6.62 4.69 5.65 5.87 6.13 6.40 6.61
6.54
-0.8% 2.3% 19.5%
India 2.37 3.09 3.66 4.65 4.92 6.46 5.25 5.68 4.70 4.74
4.90
3.7% 7.5% 14.6%
Japan 4.61 4.87 5.06 5.00 5.05 5.01 5.06 5.01 4.90 4.56
4.86
7.0% 0.5% 14.5%
South Korea 3.38 3.30 3.32 3.43 3.54 3.53 3.89 3.92 3.73 3.28
3.41
4.1% 0.1% 10.2%
Other A sia Pacific 3.29 3.65 3.61 2.73 3.96 4.60 5.00 5.50 5.24 6.19
6.08
-1.5% 6.3% 18.2%
Total World 27.64 30.61 32.65 31.76 31.27 33.69 34.50 36.50 33.47 32.15 33.47 4.4% 1.9% 100.0%
Exports
Canada 1.03 0.99 1.13 1.00 0.86 0.78 0.94 1.04 1.02 0.95
1.05
11.1% 0.2% 3.2%
US 2.50 3.02 2.88 2.38 1.89 1.52 2.39 2.89 2.19 1.74
2.14
23.6% -1.5% 6.4%
Colombia 2.02 2.25 2.05 2.27 2.19 2.33 2.48 2.43 2.08 1.68
1.73
3.0% -1.5% 5.2%
Europe 0.16 0.20 0.68 0.13 0.10 0.13 0.19 0.26 0.24 0.22
0.25
16.1% 4.6% 0.8%
Russia 2.86 3.23 3.55 3.78 4.11 4.47 5.09 5.78 5.79 5.67
5.99
5.9% 7.7% 17.9%
Other CIS 0.58 0.50 0.51 0.51 0.48 0.45 0.51 0.56 0.56 0.58
0.67
15.2% 1.5% 2.0%
South Africa 2.04 2.22 2.10 2.18 2.30 2.16 2.71 3.03 1.40 1.75
1.93
11.0% -0.5% 5.8%
Other Africa 0.04 0.13 0.11 0.18 0.26 2.02 0.66 0.25 0.28 0.19
0.30
64.0% 23.9% 0.9%
Australia 7.04 7.96 9.19 9.12 9.95 9.87 9.70 9.78 9.62 9.36
9.63
3.2% 3.2% 28.8%
China 0.44 0.28 0.28 0.36 0.45 0.51 0.42 0.43 0.34 0.18
0.29
61.1% -4.2% 0.9%
Indonesia 7.18 8.16 8.57 8.42 7.48 7.73 8.08 8.56 8.49 8.67
8.58
-0.7% 1.8% 25.6%
Mongolia 0.58 0.63 0.49 0.53 0.41
0.73 0.95 0.99 1.04 0.79
0.45
-42.3% -2.5% 1.4%
Other A sia Pacific 1.01 0.90 0.92 0.77 0.65 0.77 0.32 0.42 0.33 0.32
0.37
15.5% -9.6% 1.1%
Rest of World 0.16 0.15 0.19 0.14 0.14 0.22 0.06 0.09 0.07 0.06
0.08
32.0% -7.2% 0.2%
Total World 27.64 30.61 32.65 31.76 31.27 33.69 34.50 36.50 33.47 32.15 33.47 4.4% 1.9% 100.0%
Source: statistics are taken from national statistical agencies, international organizations, and other proprietary sources.
Note: Commercial solid fuels only, i.e. bituminous coal and anthracite (hard coal), and lignite and brown (sub-bituminous) coal, and other commercial solid fuels. Intra-area movements
(fo r example between countries in Europe) are excluded.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Coal: Inter-area movements 2021
To
Exajoules
From Canada Mexico US
S. &
Cent.
America Europe CIS
Middle
East Africa China India Japan
South
Korea
Other
Asia
Pacific
Total
Canada – – 0.03 0.04 0.09 † † † 0.29 0.05 0.21 0.27 0.06
1.05
US 0.15 0.02 – 0.26 0.59 † † 0.14 0.30 0.35 0.25 0.08 0.01
2.14
Colombia 0.04 0.03 0.08 0.51 0.63 † 0.09 0.01 0.11 0.09 0.02 0.08 0.04
1.73
Europe † † † 0.01 – 0.08 † 0.02 0.01 0.10 † † 0.02
0.25
Russia 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.13 2.11 0.10 0.07 0.25 1.46 0.17 0.51 0.60 0.58
5.99
Other CIS – – – † 0.14 0.49 † † 0.01 0.01 † – 0.01
0.67
South Africa † – 0.02 0.01 0.08 – 0.07 0.17 0.18 0.80 0.01 0.08 0.51
1.93
Other Africa – – † 0.02 0.03 – † 0.05 0.03 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.01
0.30
Australia † † † 0.24 0.64 † 0.02 0.03 0.32 1.46 3.17 1.66 2.08
9.63
China † † † 0.01 0.02 † † † – 0.05 0.08 0.02 0.09
0.29
Indonesia – – 0.01 † 0.02 – † † 3.23 1.53 0.56 0.55 2.67
8.58
Mongolia – – – – † † – – 0.45 – – † –
0.45
Other A sia Pacific † † † 0.01 0.02 † 0.01 † 0.13 0.13 0.03 0.03 –
0.37
Rest of World † † † 0.01 0.02 † 0.01 † 0.01 0.01 † † 0.01
0.08
Total imports 0.20 0.06 0.15 1.25 4.38 0.67 0.29 0.68 6.54 4.90 4.86 3.41 6.08 33.47
Source: statistics are taken from national statistical agencies, international organizations, and other proprietary sources.
†Less than 0.005.
Note: Commerc ial solid fuels only, i.e. bituminous coal and anthracite (hard coal), and lignite and brow n (sub-bituminous) coal, and other commercial solid fuels. Intra-area movements
(fo r example, betw een countries in Europe) are excluded.
Coal: Prices
US dollars per to nne
Northwest
Europe
marker price†
US Central
Appalachian coal
spot price index‡
Japan steam
spot CIF price†
China Qinhuangdao
spot price†
2001 39.03 50.15 37.69 31.78
2002 31.65 33.20 31.47 33.19
2003 43.60 38.52 39.61 31.74
2004 72.13 64.90 74.22 42.76
2005 60.54 70.12 64.62 51.34
2006 64.11 57.82 65.22 53.53
2007 88.79 49.73 95.59 61.23
2008 147.67 117.42 157.88 104.97
2009 70.39 60.73 83.59 87.86
2010 92.50 67.87 108.47 110.08
2011 121.48 84.75 126.13 127.27
2012 92.50 67.28 100.30 111.89
2 013 81.69 69.72 90.07 95.42
2014 75.38 67.08 76.13 84.12
2015 56.79 51.57 60.10 67.53
2016 60.09 51.45 71.66 71.35
2017 84.51 63.83 96.02 94.72
2018 91.83 72.84 112.73 99.45
2019 60.86 57.16 85.48 85.89
2020 50.16 42.77 69.01 83.10
2021 121.70 68.54 155.41 153.55
†Source: IHS Northwest Europe prices for 1990-2000 are the average of the monthly marker, 2001-2021 the average of weekly prices. IHS Japan prices basis = 6 ,000 kilocalories per kilogram
NAR CIF). The Asian prices are the average of the monthly marker. Chinese prices are the average monthly price for 2000-2005 , weekly prices 2006 -2021, 5,50 0 kilocalories per kilogram
NAR, including cost and freight (CFR).
‡ Source: S&P Global Platts ©2021, S&P Global Inc. Prices are for Central Appalachian 12,500 Btu, 1.2 SO
2
coal, FOB. Prices for 1996-2000 are by coal price publication date, 2001-2005 by coal price
assessment date. 2006-2021 weekly CAPP 12,500 Btu, 1.6 SO
2
coal, FOB.
Note: CIF = cost+insurance+freight (average prices); FOB = free on board.
41
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Consumption*
Exajoules (input-equivalent) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2 015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Growth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 0.89 0.89 0.97 1.00 0.94 0.93 0.92 0.91 0.92 0.88
0.83
-5.8% -0.6% 3.3%
Mexico 0.10 0.08 0.11 0.09 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.10
0.11
6.6% 1.1% 0.4%
US 7.93 7.67 7.82 7.85 7.81 7.84 7.79 7.76 7.76 7.54
7.40
-1.6% -0.7% 29.3%
Total N orth America 8.91 8.65 8.90 8.94 8.85 8.87 8.81 8.80 8.78 8.53
8.34
-1.9% -0.7% 33.0%
Argentina 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.10
0.10
1.5% 4.8% 0.4%
Brazil 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.13
0.13
4.5% -1.2% 0.5%
Chile – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Colombia – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Ecuador – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Peru – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Trinidad & Tobago – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Venezuela – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Central America – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Other Caribbean – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Other South America – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Total S. & Cent. America 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.22 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.22
0.23
3.2% 0.9% 0.9%
Austria – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Belgium 0.46 0.38 0.40 0.32 0.24 0.40 0.39 0.26 0.40 0.31
0.46
46.7% -0.1% 1.8%
Bulgaria 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15
0.15
-1.0% -0.4% 0.6%
Croatia – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Cyprus – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Czech Republic 0.27 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.27
0.28
2.2% 0.3% 1.1%
Denmark – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Estonia – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Finland 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.21
0.22
1.2% -0.4% 0.9%
France 4.22 4.03 3.99 4.08 4.07 3.73 3.66
3.77 3.63 3.21
3.43
7.1% -2.0% 13.5%
Germany 1.03 0.94 0.92 0.91 0.85 0.78 0.70 0.69 0.68 0.58
0.62
7.1% -4.9% 2.5%
Greece – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Hungary 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.15
0.14
-0.5% -0.3% 0.6%
Iceland – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Ireland – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Italy – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Latvia – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Lithuania – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Luxembourg – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Netherlands 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04
0.03
-6.5% -1.3% 0.1%
North Macedonia – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Norway – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Poland – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Portugal – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Romania 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.10
0.10
-1.7% -0.9% 0.4%
Slovakia 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14
0.14
2.1% -0.3% 0.6%
Slove nia 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.06
0.05
-10.3% -1.4% 0.2%
Spain 0.55 0.58 0.53 0.54 0.53 0.54 0.53 0.51 0.53 0.53
0.51
-3.2% -0.7% 2.0%
Sweden 0.58 0.61 0.63 0.61 0.52 0.58 0.60 0.63 0.60 0.45
0.48
7.8% -1.8% 1.9%
Switzerland 0.26 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.22 0.20 0.19 0.22 0.23 0.21
0.17
-19.5% -4.2% 0.7%
Turkey – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Ukraine 0.86 0.85 0.78 0.83 0.82 0.75 0.79 0.77 0.76 0.69
0.78
13.0% -1.0% 3.1%
United Kingdom 0.66 0.67 0.66 0.60 0.65 0.66 0.65 0.59 0.51 0.46
0.41
-8.9% -4.5% 1.6%
Other Europe – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Total Europe 9.76 9.46 9.29 9.29 9.01 8.71 8.61 8.56 8.47 7.56
7.98
5.8% -2.0% 31.5%
Azerbaijan – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Belarus – –
– – – – – – – †
0.05
1608.5% – 0.2%
Kazakhstan – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Russian Federation 1.65 1.68 1.62 1.69 1.82 1.82 1.87 1.87 1.90 1.96
2.01
2.9% 2.0% 7.9%
Turkmenistan – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Uzbekistan – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Other CIS 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03
0.02
-27.6% -2.9% 0.1%
Total CIS 1.67 1.70 1.65 1.71 1.84 1.84 1.89 1.89 1.92 1.99
2.08
5.0% 2.2% 8.2%
Iran † 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
0.03
-44.2% 41.1% 0.1%
Iraq – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Israel – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Kuwait – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Oman – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Qatar – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Saudi Arabia – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
United Arab Emirates – – – – – – – – – 0.01
0.10
548.8% – 0.4%
Other Middle East – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Total Middle East † 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07
0.13
76.9% 62.0% 0.5%
Algeria – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Egypt – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Morocco – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
South Africa 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.11 0.14 0.13 0.11 0.12 0.13
0.09
-25.3% -2.6% 0.4%
Eastern Africa – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Middle Africa – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Western Africa – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Other Northern Afri ca – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Other Southe rn Africa – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Total Africa 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.11 0.14 0.13 0.11 0.12 0.13
0.09
-25.3%
-2.6% 0.4%
Australia – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Bangladesh – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
China 0.83 0.93 1.05 1.25 1.59 1.97 2.28 2.70 3.18 3.32
3.68
11.2% 16.1% 14.6%
China Hong Kong SAR – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
India 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.32 0.36 0.35 0.34 0.36 0.41 0.40
0.40
-1.6% 2.6% 1.6%
Indonesia – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Japan 1.55 0.17 0.14 – 0.04 0.16 0.27 0.45 0.60 0.39
0.55
42.2% -9.8% 2.2%
Malaysia – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
New Zealand – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Pakistan 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.09
0.14
65.9% 14.3% 0.6%
Philippines – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Singapore – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
South Korea 1.47 1.42 1.31 1.46 1.53 1.50 1.36 1.22 1.33 1.45
1.43
-1.4% -0.3% 5.6%
Sri Lanka – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Taiwan 0.40 0.38 0.39 0.40 0.34 0.29 0.21 0.25 0.29 0.29
0.25
-11.7% -4.6% 1.0%
Thailand – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Vi etnam – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Other A sia Pacific – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Total Asi a Pacifi c 4.60 3.25 3.24 3.48 3.90 4.33 4.54 5.06 5.89 5.94
6.46
9.0% 3.4% 25.5%
Total World 25.28 23.40 23.45 23.78 23.96 24.17 24.25 24.68 25.46 24.44 25.31 3.8%
◆
100.0%
of which: OECD 20.57 18.59 18.60 18.61 18.37 18.25 18.02 18.00 18.16 16.99
17.27
2.0% -1.7% 68.2%
Non-OECD 4.71 4.82 4.84 5.17 5.59 5.93 6.23 6.68 7.30 7.46
8.04
8.1% 5.5% 31.8%
European Union 7.99 7.69 7.59 7.61 7.32 7.10 6.98 6.97 6.97 6.20
6.62
7.0% -1.9% 26.1%
*Based on gross generation and not accounting for cross-border electricity supply. “Input-equivalent” energy is the amount of fuel that would be required by thermal power stations to generate the
reported electricity output. Detai ls on thermal efficiency a ssumptions are available in the appendices and definitions page and at bp.com/statisticalreview.
†Less than 0.005.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: Annual changes and share of total are calculated using exajoules figures. Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Nuclear ene rgy
42
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Consumption*
Exajoules (input-equivalent) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2 015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 3.73 3.75 3.84 3.73 3.71 3.71 3.78 3.68 3.62 3.65
3.59
-1.6% -0.4% 8.9%
Mexico 0.36 0.31 0.27 0.38 0.30 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.22 0.25
0.33
28.8% -1.0% 0.8%
US 3.14 2.70 2.62 2.49 2.39 2.54 2.84 2.76 2.71 2.67
2.43
-9.0% -2.5% 6.0%
Total N orth America 7.23 6.77 6.73 6.60 6.39 6.55 6.93 6.74 6.56 6.58
6.34
-3.4% -1.3% 15.8%
Argentina 0.31 0.29 0.32 0.32 0.31 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.26 0.22
0.18
-17.3% -5.0% 0.5%
Brazil 4.25 4.10 3.84 3.64 3.49 3.67 3.55 3.70 3.78 3.75
3.42
-8.6% -2.2% 8.5%
Chile 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.22 0.23 0.19 0.20 0.22 0.20 0.21
0.16
-24.0% -2.6% 0.4%
Colombia 0.48 0.47 0.44 0.44 0.43 0.45 0.55 0.54 0.52 0.47
0.56
20.0% 1.6% 1.4%
Ecuador 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.19 0.20 0.23 0.23
0.24
5.0% 8.1% 0.6%
Peru 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.29
0.30
4.6% 3.5% 0.7%
Trinidad & Tobago – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Venezuela 0.83 0.81 0.80 0.78 0.72 0.60 0.67 0.55 0.47 0.58
0.58
-0.2% -3.5% 1.4%
Central America 0.21 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.26 0.26 0.20 0.25
0.28
10.8% 3.1% 0.7%
Other Caribbean 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.02
11.6% -1.3%
◆
Other South America 0.67 0.68 0.71 0.67 0.65 0.72 0.68 0.67 0.59 0.52
0.48
-7.6% -3.4% 1.2%
Total S. & Cent. America 7.30 7.13 6.87 6.62 6.43 6.55 6.72 6.76 6.57 6.54
6.22
-4.6% -1.6% 15.4%
Austria 0.34 0.43 0.41 0.40 0.36 0.39 0.37 0.36 0.39 0.40
0.40
1.9% 1.7% 1.0%
Belgium † † † † † † † † † †
†
40.1% 6.1%
◆
Bulgaria 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.03
0.04
58.9% 4.0% 0.1%
Croatia 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.05
0.07
26.2% 3.0% 0.2%
Cyprus – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Czech Republic 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.02
12.3% 0.7% 0.1%
Denmark † † † † † † † † † †
†
-4.5% -0.9%
◆
Estonia † † † † † † † † † †
†
3.4% -0.2%
◆
Finland 0.12 0.17 0.13 0.13 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.13 0.12 0.15
0.15
-0.9% 1.9% 0.4%
France 0.44 0.58 0.70 0.61 0.53 0.58 0.47
0.61 0.53 0.58
0.55
-5.3% 2.1% 1.4%
Germany 0.18 0.21 0.23 0.19 0.18 0.20 0.19 0.17 0.19 0.17
0.18
4.1% 0.2% 0.4%
Greece 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.03
0.05
76.2% 3.3% 0.1%
Hungary † † † † † † † † † †
†
-14.8% -1.2%
◆
Iceland 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12
0.13
5.0% 0.5% 0.3%
Ireland 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01
-20.0%
◆ ◆
Italy 0.46 0.41 0.52 0.57 0.43 0.39 0.33 0.47 0.45 0.43
0.41
-5.9% -1.1% 1.0%
Latvia 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.03
4.1% -1.1% 0.1%
Lithuania † † 0.01 † † † 0.01 † † †
†
28.0% -2.7%
◆
Luxembourg † † † † † † † † † †
†
14.9% 4.7%
◆
Netherlands † † † † † † † † † †
†
91.1% 4.0%
◆
North Macedonia 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01
13.6% -0.4%
◆
Norway 1.19 1.40 1.26 1.32 1.33 1.37 1.36 1.32 1.19 1.33
1.35
1.6% 1.2% 3.3%
Poland 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.02
10.3% -0.5% 0.1%
Portugal 0.11 0.06 0.13 0.15 0.08 0.15 0.06 0.12 0.08 0.11
0.11
-2.0% -0.3% 0.3%
Romania 0.15 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.16 0.17 0.14 0.17 0.15 0.15
0.16
9.8% 0.9% 0.4%
Slovakia 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04
0.04
-6.5% 1.0% 0.1%
Slove nia 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05
0.04
-4.7% 2.3% 0.1%
Spain 0.30 0.20 0.36 0.38 0.27 0.35 0.18 0.33 0.21 0.29
0.28
-3.2% -0.9% 0.7%
Sweden 0.67 0.78 0.60 0.62 0.73 0.60 0.62 0.59 0.62 0.68
0.67
-1.0% 0.1% 1.7%
Switzerland 0.32 0.38 0.38 0.37 0.37 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.36 0.35
0.34
-3.0% 0.6% 0.9%
Turkey 0.52 0.57 0.58 0.40 0.65 0.65 0.56 0.57 0.84 0.74
0.52
-28.7% 0.1% 1.3%
Ukraine 0.11 0.10 0.14 0.08 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.06 0.07
0.10
37.6% -1.0% 0.2%
United Kingdom 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.06
0.05
-25.8% -1.8% 0.1%
Other Europe 0.27 0.27 0.35 0.32 0.31 0.34 0.28 0.37 0.31 0.28
0.37
32.9% 3.4% 0.9%
Total Europe 5.66 6.18 6.49 6.28 6.17 6.28 5.60 6.16 5.97 6.22
6.12
-1.3% 0.8% 15.2%
Azerbaijan 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01
19.3% -7.6%
◆
Belarus † † † † † † † † † †
†
-14.3% 22.7%
◆
Kazakhstan 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.09
0.09
-5.9% 0.9% 0.2%
Russian Federation 1.62 1.61 1.78 1.69 1.63 1.78 1.77 1.82 1.84 2.01
2.02
0.9% 2.2% 5.0%
Turkmenistan † † † † † † † † † †
†
82.7% 5.7%
◆
Uzbekistan 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.05
0.05
9.7% -0.9% 0.1%
Other CIS 0.33 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.29 0.30 0.32 0.34 0.34 0.33
0.33
2.5% 0.1% 0.8%
Total CIS 2.11 2.10 2.25 2.16 2.09 2.27 2.30 2.33 2.36 2.49
2.51
1.1% 1.7% 6.2%
Iran 0.11 0.12 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.15 0.17 0.09 0.32 0.22
0.14
-35.9% 2.8% 0.3%
Iraq 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.03
0.03
-2.4% -1.7% 0.1%
Israel † † † † † – – – – –
–
– -100.0% –
Kuwait – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Oman – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Qatar – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Saudi Arabia – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
United Arab Emirates – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Other Middle East 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02
0.02
-11.1% -9.5%
◆
Total Middle East 0.18 0.21 0.23 0.19 0.16 0.19 0.20 0.12 0.38 0.27
0.18
-30.7% 0.1% 0.5%
Algeria † † † † † † † † † †
†
-81.3% -31.3%
◆
Egypt 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.14
0.14
-1.9% 0.7% 0.3%
Morocco 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01
-5.8% -9.1%
◆
South Africa 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01
101.4% -8.0%
◆
Eastern Africa 0.55 0.57 0.61 0.64 0.63 0.60 0.62 0.66 0.65 0.69
0.73
7.0% 2.9% 1.8%
Middle Africa 0.17 0.17 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.24 0.27 0.29 0.31
0.31
2.0% 6.3% 0.8%
Western Africa 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.19 0.21 0.21
0.22
5.9% 2.6% 0.6%
Other Northern Afri ca † † † † † † † † † †
†
-38.5% -6.8%
◆
Other Southe rn Africa 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.02
-23.6% -3.6%
◆
Total Africa 1.10 1.10 1.15 1.21 1.17 1.13 1.21 1.28 1.32 1.38
1.45
4.7% 2.8% 3.6%
Australia 0.19 0.17 0.19 0.14 0.14 0.17 0.13 0.16 0.13 0.14
0.15
10.8% -2.5% 0.4%
Bangladesh 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01
-2.8% -2.9%
◆
China 6.83 8.52 8.92 10.33 10.80 11.11 11.16 11.42 12.08 12.50
12.25
-1.7% 6.0% 30.4%
China Hong Kong SAR – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
India 1.31 1.14 1.29 1.36 1.29 1.24 1.30 1.33 1.54 1.55
1.51
-2.2% 1.4% 3.8%
Indonesia 0.12 0.13 0.17 0.15 0.13 0.18 0.18 0.21 0.20 0.23
0.23
1.4% 6.6% 0.6%
Japan 0.82 0.76 0.78 0.80 0.83 0.77 0.76 0.77 0.70 0.73
0.73
0.2% -1.1% 1.8%
Malaysia 0.08 0.09 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.19 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.26
0.30
15.8% 14.3% 0.8%
New Zealand 0.25 0.23 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.24 0.25 0.24 0.23
0.23
-0.3% -0.9% 0.6%
Pakistan 0.30 0.11 0.31 0.32 0.32 0.33 0.29 0.28 0.34 0.38
0.36
-5.8% 1.6% 0.9%
Philippines 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.07
0.09
29.6% -0.9% 0.2%
Singapore – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
South Korea 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04
0.03
-21.3% -4.5% 0.1%
Sri Lanka 0.05 0.03 0.07 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.05
0.07
41.7% 3.9% 0.2%
Taiwan 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.03
0.03
14.8% -1.9% 0.1%
Thailand 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.06 0.04
0.04
-0.1% -5.9% 0.1%
Vi etnam 0.41 0.53 0.57 0.61 0.55 0.62 0.84 0.80 0.63 0.69
0.71
3.3% 5.8% 1.8%
Other A sia Pacific 0.47 0.47 0.55 0.53 0.50 0.58 0.61 0.67 0.62 0.67
0.70
4.5% 4.2% 1.7%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 11.10 12.46 13.44 14.86 15.19 15.70 16.04 16.45 17.00 17.61
17.44
-0.7% 4.6% 43.3%
Total World 34.69 35.95 37.17 37.93 37.60 38.67 38.99 39.84 40.15 41.09 40.26 -1.8% 1.5% 100.0%
of which: OECD 14.27 14.23 14.32 14.02 13.79 13.97 13.85 14.10 13.73 14.02
13.57
-3.0% -0.5% 33.7%
Non-OECD 20.42 21.72 22.85 23.91 23.81 24.70 25.14 25.74 26.42 27.07
26.69
-1.1% 2.7% 66.3%
European Union 3.05 3.26 3.60 3.60 3.24 3.30 2.79 3.26 3.02 3.25
3.24
0.2% 0.6% 8.1%
* Based on gross generation and not accounting for cross-border electricity supply. “Input-equivalent” energy is the amount of fuel that would be required by thermal power stations to generate the
reported electricity output.
†Less than 0.005.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: Annual changes and share of total are calculated using exajoules figures. Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Hydroelectricity
43
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Renewables consumption*
Exajoules (input-equivalent) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2 015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 0.28 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.48 0.54 0.55 0.56 0.56 0.57
0.58
2.2% 7.3% 1.4%
Mexico 0.09 0.11 0.12 0.14 0.17 0.18 0.20 0.24 0.31 0.35
0.39
9.4% 15.4% 1.0%
US 3.25 3.50 3.99 4.30 4.53 5.13 5.60 5.88 6.20 6.65
7.48
12.8% 8.7% 18.7%
Total N orth America 3.63 3.94 4.44 4.78 5.18 5.85 6.34 6.68 7.07 7.57
8.44
11.8% 8.8% 21.2%
Argentina 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.14 0.16
0.20
26.1% 15.6% 0.5%
Brazil 0.93 0.96 1.12 1.30 1.55 1.61 1.75 1.96 2.16 2.19
2.39
9.5% 9.9% 6.0%
Chile 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.10 0.13 0.16 0.19 0.22 0.22
0.29
27.3% 18.4% 0.7%
Colombia 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06
0.07
14.9% 5.4% 0.2%
Ecuador † † † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01
-6.4% 8.2%
◆
Peru 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05
0.05
4.5% 11.2% 0.1%
Trinidad & Tobago † † † † † † † † † †
†
-0.4% 1.0%
◆
Venezuela † † † † † † † † † †
†
-0.3% 41.3%
◆
Central America 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.15 0.17 0.16
0.17
7.3% 9.5% 0.4%
Other Caribbean 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06
0.07
14.3% 10.0% 0.2%
Other South America 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11
0.11
1.0% 17.6% 0.3%
Total S. & Cent. America 1.21 1.29 1.50 1.72 2.03 2.15 2.35 2.65 2.95 3.02
3.35
11.4% 10.8% 8.4%
Austria 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.15
0.15
-1.2% 4.8% 0.4%
Belgium 0.10 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.16 0.16 0.18 0.19 0.21 0.26
0.25
-1.9% 9.3% 0.6%
Bulgaria 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05
0.06
6.7% 18.2% 0.1%
Croatia † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03
0.04
15.1% 29.5% 0.1%
Cyprus † † † † † † † † 0.01 0.01
0.01
20.3% 12.5%
◆
Czech Republic 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10
0.10
-0.1% 4.0% 0.3%
Denmark 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.23 0.22 0.24 0.24
0.27
12.8% 6.0% 0.7%
Estonia 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03
0.04
13.5% 10.6% 0.1%
Finland 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.20 0.22 0.23 0.22
0.25
12.8% 6.0% 0.6%
France 0.30 0.37 0.40 0.44 0.50 0.51 0.56
0.61 0.69 0.73
0.74
1.4% 9.4% 1.9%
Germany 1.24 1.40 1.45 1.58 1.83 1.82 2.08 2.16 2.31 2.44
2.28
-6.2% 6.3% 5.7%
Greece 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.14
0.16
9.8% 13.2% 0.4%
Hungary 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07
0.08
20.3% 8.7% 0.2%
Iceland 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.05
0.05
-2.9% 1.7% 0.1%
Ireland 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.13
0.11
-14.2% 7.9% 0.3%
Italy 0.44 0.58 0.66 0.68 0.70 0.72 0.74 0.72 0.73 0.74
0.76
3.7% 5.6% 1.9%
Latvia † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01
0.2% 16.0%
◆
Lithuania 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03
0.03
-7.6% 11.8% 0.1%
Luxembourg † † † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02
5.7% 15.1%
◆
Netherlands 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.16 0.17 0.19 0.21 0.26 0.36
0.43
18.3% 11.1% 1.1%
North Macedonia † † † † † † † † † †
†
-7.6% 54.5%
◆
Norway 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.11
0.13
16.3% 19.8% 0.3%
Poland 0.15 0.19 0.19 0.22 0.24 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.28 0.30
0.32
8.9% 8.1% 0.8%
Portugal 0.14 0.15 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19
0.20
7.1% 3.5% 0.5%
Romania 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.09 0.10 0.11
0.10
-4.2% 15.6% 0.3%
Slovakia 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
0.04
15.1% 7.2% 0.1%
Slove nia 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01
0.8% 7.8%
◆
Spain 0.63 0.75 0.77 0.74 0.72 0.71 0.73 0.75 0.78 0.86
0.97
13.6% 4.4% 2.4%
Sweden 0.22 0.24 0.26 0.27 0.33 0.34 0.37 0.36 0.41 0.45
0.49
8.1% 8.5% 1.2%
Switzerland 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06
0.06
4.6% 12.1% 0.1%
Turkey 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.12 0.17 0.24 0.29 0.38 0.43 0.50
0.61
22.0% 26.4% 1.5%
Ukraine † 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.06 0.09
0.11
16.7% 44.4% 0.3%
United Kingdom 0.36 0.42 0.55 0.66 0.84 0.84 0.99 1.12 1.22 1.35
1.24
-8.1% 13.2% 3.1%
Other Europe † † † † † † 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02
0.03
14.2% 41.6% 0.1%
Total Europe 4.55 5.30 5.83 6.24 7.00 7.12 7.91 8.33 9.10 9.91
10.14
2.6% 8.3% 25.4%
Azerbaijan – – † † † † † † † †
†
-0.3% –
◆
Belarus † † † † † † † † 0.01 0.01
0.01
15.1% 13.4%
◆
Kazakhstan † † † † † † † 0.01 0.01 0.02
0.03
30.5% 168.1% 0.1%
Russian Federation 0.01 † † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.04
0.06
53.9% 27.3% 0.2%
Turkmenistan † † † † † † † † † †
†
-0.4% 30.6%
◆
Uzbekistan – – – – – † † † † †
†
625.5% –
◆
Other CIS † † † † † † † † † †
†
34.7% 51.2%
◆
Total CIS 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.07
0.10
41.4% 29.4% 0.3%
Iran † † † † † † † 0.01 0.01 0.02
0.02
2.2% 21.9%
◆
Iraq – – † † † † † † † †
†
-0.4% –
◆
Israel † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04
0.06
28.7% 32.8% 0.1%
Kuwait – – † † † † † † † †
†
-0.4% –
◆
Oman – – † † † † † † † †
†
15.2% –
◆
Qatar † † † † † † † † † †
†
◆
0.5%
◆
Saudi Arabia † † † † † † † † † †
0.01
300.2% 64.6%
◆
United Arab Emirates † † † † † † 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.04
0.05
12.6% 72.7% 0.1%
Other Middle East † † † † † 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04
0.04
6.8% 68.5% 0.1%
Total Middle East 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.12 0.15
0.18
18.0% 37.3% 0.4%
Algeria † † † † † † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01
-2.7% 42.8%
◆
Egypt 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.09
0.10
7.9% 19.0% 0.2%
Morocco 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.06
0.07
13.2% 25.2% 0.2%
South Africa 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.13 0.14 0.15
0.16
4.9% 35.6% 0.4%
Eastern Africa 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.10
0.11
7.6% 12.5% 0.3%
Middle Africa † † † † † † † † † †
†
-0.1% 3.4%
◆
Western Africa † † † † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02
23.5% 21.1%
◆
Other Northern Afri ca † † † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01
-4.8% 19.3%
◆
Other Southe rn Africa † † † † † † † † † 0.01
0.01
4.5% 6.3%
◆
Total Africa 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.13 0.19 0.23 0.27 0.32 0.39 0.44
0.47
7.6% 20.5% 1.2%
Australia 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.20 0.23 0.25 0.26 0.32 0.40 0.48
0.59
22.4% 16.8% 1.5%
Bangladesh † † † † † † † † † †
†
15.1% 20.6%
◆
China 1.16 1.49 1.99 2.45 2.90 3.78 5.06 6.37 7.38 8.52
11.32
33.1% 25.6% 28.4%
China Hong Kong SAR † † † † † † † † † †
†
13.7% 3.6%
◆
India 0.49 0.56 0.63 0.71 0.78 0.88 1.05 1.31 1.48 1.58
1.79
13.2% 13.9% 4.5%
Indonesia 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.16 0.13 0.21 0.21 0.40 0.49 0.57
0.63
11.2% 19.5% 1.6%
Japan 0.34 0.38 0.45 0.56 0.72 0.75 0.91 1.01 1.09 1.20
1.32
9.9% 14.3% 3.3%
Malaysia 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05
0.06
22.8% 13.0% 0.2%
New Zealand 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.11
0.11
3.2% 2.4% 0.3%
Pakistan † † † 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.04
0.05
23.2% 70.3% 0.1%
Philippines 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15
0.15
-4.0% 3.3% 0.4%
Singapore 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01
17.2% 5.9%
◆
South Korea 0.10 0.11 0.13 0.18 0.21 0.22 0.28 0.32 0.35 0.34
0.44
29.6% 16.1% 1.1%
Sri Lanka † † † † † † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02
24.9% 27.2%
◆
Taiwan 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.10
0.12
16.3% 11.7% 0.3%
Thailand 0.08 0.10 0.13 0.16 0.18 0.21 0.24 0.28 0.32 0.31
0.32
3.2% 15.3% 0.8%
Vi etnam † † † † † † † 0.01 0.06 0.11
0.27
134.4% 73.1% 0.7%
Other A sia Pacific † 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.03
17.8% 18.0% 0.1%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 2.67 3.19 3.94 4.73 5.50 6.68 8.41 10.46 12.06 13.64
17.22
26.7% 20.5% 43.1%
Total World 12.14 13.82 15.81 17.63 19.95 22.09 25.36 28.53 31.74 34.80 39.91 15.0% 12.6% 100.0%
of which: OECD 8.89 10.01 11.13 12.06 13.43 14.32 15.83 16.82 18.16 19.63
21.11
7.9% 9.0% 52.9%
Non-OECD 3.25 3.81 4.68 5.57 6.52 7.77 9.53 11.72 13.57 15.17
18.80
24.2% 19.2% 47.1%
European Union 4.05 4.71 5.05 5.33 5.86 5.90 6.45 6.63 7.19 7.72
7.92
2.9% 6.9% 19.8%
*
Based on gross generation and not accounting for cross-border electricity supply. “Input-equivalent” energy is the amount of fuel that would be required by thermal power stations to generate the
reported electricity output.
Details on thermal efficiency assumptions are available in the appendices and definitions page and at bp.com/statisticalreview.
†Less than 0.005.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Annual changes and share of total are calculated using exajoules figures and incorporate adjustments for assumed changes in thermal efficiency.
Renewable energy
44
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Renewables: Renewable energy generation*
Terawatt-hours 2 011 2012 20 13 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 21.0 23.1 23.7 24.7 39.8 46.3 45.9 47.5 47.3 49.3
50.0
1.6% 9.1% 1.4%
Mexico 9.1 10.5 11.6 13.8 16.6 18.2 19.9 23.9 31.5 36.2
39.7
10.0% 15.9% 1.1%
US 201.9 228.3 266.2 296.8 315.8 367.4 417.7 451.6 483.7 547.7
624.5
14.3% 12.0% 17.1%
Total N orth America 231.9 261.9 301.5 335.3 372.2 432.0 483.6 523.0 562.5 633.2
714.1
13.1% 11.9% 19.5%
Argentina 1.4 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.7 2.0 3.1 7.4 13.0
17.2
32.8% 28.1% 0.5%
Brazil 35.3 40.8 47.6 59.3 71.6 84.9 96.1 106.3 117.6 126.5
144.0
14.1% 15.1% 3.9%
Chile 4.7 6.4 7.4 6.9 9.0 11.7 15.0 17.9 20.7 22.0
28.5
30.3% 19.9% 0.8%
Colombia 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.6 3.0
3.2
6.1% 8.5% 0.1%
Ecuador 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6
0.5
-12.0% 6.2%
◆
Peru 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.8 2.9 3.2
3.3
2.9% 17.0% 0.1%
Trinidad & Tobago † † † † † † † † † †
†
– 1.6%
◆
Venezuela † † 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1
– 41.7%
◆
Central America 6.7 7.8 8.6 9.8 11.6 13.1 12.9 15.2 16.7 16.0
17.1
7.4% 9.9% 0.5%
Other Caribbean 1.3 1.7 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.6 3.0 3.2 4.4 5.2
5.9
15.1% 16.8% 0.2%
Other South America 1.5 1.7 1.9 3.1 5.0 6.1 7.1 8.2 8.4 9.5
9.4
-0.2% 20.2% 0.3%
Total S. & Cent. America 53.3 62.8 72.9 87.6 106.1 124.5 140.6 159.6 181.6 199.1
229.3
15.5% 15.7% 6.3%
Austria 6.7 7.5 8.5 9.2 10.4 11.1 12.8 12.4 13.8 13.4
13.3
-1.0% 7.1% 0.4%
Belgium 8.2 10.1 11.4 11.9 14.1 13.9 15.5 16.9 19.2 23.1
22.4
-2.9% 10.6% 0.6%
Bulgaria 1.0 2.1 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.2 4.6 4.7
4.6
-0.6% 16.3% 0.1%
Croatia 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.5 2.9
3.3
16.3% 29.3% 0.1%
Cyprus 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6
0.8
28.1% 15.7%
◆
Czech Republic 5.2 6.0 6.5 7.3 7.6 7.4 7.7 7.8 8.0 8.0
8.0
0.1% 4.4% 0.2%
Denmark 14.2 14.8 16.0 18.0 18.9 18.4 21.8 20.7 23.1 23.4
26.0
11.4% 6.3% 0.7%
Estonia 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.7
3.1
13.5% 10.4% 0.1%
Finland 11.7 11.6 12.7 12.8 13.7 14.5 16.7 18.8 19.4 19.7
22.1
12.4% 6.6% 0.6%
France 19.6 25.5 28.6 31.5 37.5 39.1 44.0
49.5 57.1 63.3
62.8
-0.6% 12.3% 1.7%
Germany 106.8 121.7 129.0 141.4 168.3 167.7 194.7 204.4 220.6 231.8
217.6
-5.9% 7.4% 5.9%
Greece 4.1 5.7 8.0 7.7 8.8 9.4 9.8 10.4 12.1 14.2
15.8
11.6% 14.4% 0.4%
Hungary 2.5 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.5 4.5 5.3
6.7
26.4% 10.4% 0.2%
Iceland 4.7 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.0 5.1 5.2 6.0 6.0 6.0
5.8
-2.6% 2.1% 0.2%
Ireland 4.7 4.5 5.0 5.7 7.1 6.8 8.2 9.5 10.9 12.6
10.7
-14.2% 8.6% 0.3%
Italy 37.1 50.3 59.2 62.1 63.4 65.6 67.7 65.6 69.4 68.8
71.4
4.1% 6.8% 2.0%
Latvia 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0
1.0
-7.6% 17.6%
◆
Lithuania 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.9 1.8 2.1 2.3
2.0
-10.1% 12.4% 0.1%
Luxembourg 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9
1.0
7.7% 17.9%
◆
Netherlands 12.3 12.4 12.1 11.6 13.6 14.6 17.4 18.8 22.7 33.0
40.1
22.1% 12.6% 1.1%
North Macedonia † † † 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
0.2
-7.5% 65.6%
◆
Norway 1.6 1.9 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.4 3.1 4.1 5.9 10.3
12.2
18.9% 22.3% 0.3%
Poland 10.8 14.8 14.6 17.7 20.7 20.7 21.6 19.6 23.5 25.3
27.8
10.1% 9.9% 0.8%
Portugal 12.6 13.8 15.7 16.0 15.7 16.5 16.7 17.0 18.6 18.0
19.2
6.8% 4.3% 0.5%
Romania 1.6 2.9 5.2 6.5 9.6 8.9 9.8 8.5 9.1 9.2
9.0
-2.3% 18.9% 0.2%
Slovakia 1.2 1.4 1.5 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3
2.7
16.6% 8.3% 0.1%
Slove nia 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7
0.6
-6.7% 6.7%
◆
Spain 55.6 66.4 74.2 71.1 68.9 68.2 69.5 69.8 73.8 83.2
95.8
15.4% 5.6% 2.6%
Sweden 17.6 19.4 21.3 22.0 27.1 27.1 29.9 28.9 33.5 39.7
42.1
6.2% 9.1% 1.2%
Switzerland 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.6 2.8 3.2 3.7 3.9 4.2 4.7
5.1
8.1% 12.1% 0.1%
Turkey 5.8 7.4 9.8 12.0 16.5 23.8 29.9 38.8 44.6 51.5
62.7
22.0% 27.0% 1.7%
Ukraine 0.3 0.8 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.9 2.6 5.4 9.4
11.0
17.6% 45.8% 0.3%
United Kingdom 29.5 35.9 48.5 58.6 77.1 77.6 93.0 104.6 113.7 127.8
116.9
-8.4% 14.7% 3.2%
Other Europe 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.7 1.0 2.2 2.4
2.8
14.6% 43.6% 0.1%
Total Europe 380.0 450.3 509.0 548.4 626.1 639.5 718.3 758.4 837.8 922.7
946.5
2.9% 9.6% 25.9%
Azerbaijan – – 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2
0.2
0.2% –
◆
Belarus 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.6
0.7
18.6% 22.2%
◆
Kazakhstan † † † † 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 1.1 2.3
3.0
31.0% 169.5% 0.1%
Russian Federation 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.8 3.5
5.4
54.6% 25.4% 0.1%
Turkmenistan † † † † † † † † † †
†
– 31.3%
◆
Uzbekistan – – – – – † † † † †
†
628.2% –
◆
Other CIS † † † † † † † 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.2
36.6% 51.5%
◆
Total CIS 0.7 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.4 1.8 2.1 2.5 3.8 6.8
9.6
41.6% 30.6% 0.3%
Iran 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 1.0 1.2 1.8
1.8
2.6% 22.7%
◆
Iraq – – † 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.4
0.4
– –
◆
Israel 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.9 1.3 1.8 1.8 2.0 3.3 4.4
5.7
30.3% 35.5% 0.2%
Kuwait – – † † † † 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1
– –
◆
Oman – – † † † † † † † 0.3
0.4
15.6% –
◆
Qatar 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1
– 0.6%
◆
Saudi Arabia † † † † † † 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2
0.8
301.7% 65.5%
◆
United Arab Emirates † † 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.7 1.3 3.8 4.6
5.2
13.0% 73.6% 0.1%
Other Middle East † † † 0.1 0.3 1.1 1.3 2.2 3.0 3.9
4.1
7.2% 70.3% 0.1%
Total Middle East 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.8 2.3 3.7 4.7 7.2 12.1 15.7
18.5
18.6% 39.4% 0.5%
Algeria † † † 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7
0.7
-2.4% 43.6%
◆
Egypt 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.2 1.9 2.6 2.7 3.5 6.5 9.7
10.5
8.3% 19.6% 0.3%
Morocco 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.9 2.5 3.4 3.5 4.8 6.3 6.1
6.9
13.6% 25.9% 0.2%
South Africa 0.5 0.5 0.8 2.5 5.8 7.9 11.3 13.1 13.9 15.7
16.5
5.4% 41.1% 0.5%
Eastern Africa 3.2 3.5 4.1 5.5 7.6 7.9 8.1 8.9 10.6 10.3
11.1
8.1% 13.4% 0.3%
Middle Africa 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1
0.1% 4.4%
◆
Western Africa 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5
1.9
24.7% 22.7% 0.1%
Other Northern Afri ca 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8
0.7
-4.4% 20.0%
◆
Other Southe rn Africa 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5
0.6
5.1% 7.6%
◆
Total Africa 6.8 7.6 8.8 12.4 19.3 23.8 27.9 33.0 40.5 45.4
49.0
8.1% 21.7% 1.3%
Australia 11.1 13.2 16.4 18.3 21.7 24.1 25.7 32.2 41.2 49.9
61.3
23.3% 18.7% 1.7%
Bangladesh 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4
0.5
15.5% 21.3%
◆
China 104.3 136.8 183.8 229.5 279.1 369.5 502.0 636.4 742.0 863.2
1152.5
33.9% 27.2% 31.5%
China Hong Kong SAR † † † † 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1
2.0% 6.1%
◆
India 41.9 49.5 55.9 63.0 69.9 79.8 99.1 123.9 141.1 152.0
171.9
13.3% 15.2% 4.7%
Indonesia 9.6 9.7 9.6 10.3 10.5 11.3 13.4 26.7 26.9 28.6
31.5
10.5% 12.6% 0.9%
Japan 31.0 34.2 41.2 52.2 68.2 72.3 87.5 98.7 106.7 117.8
130.3
10.9% 15.4% 3.6%
Malaysia 1.5 1.5 1.2 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 2.0 2.6 2.8
3.1
12.3% 7.4% 0.1%
New Zealand 8.9 9.3 9.6 10.6 11.4 11.3 11.1 11.1 11.4 11.5
11.9
3.6% 2.9% 0.3%
Pakistan † 0.1 0.3 0.6 1.1 2.2 3.8 4.9 4.8 4.6
5.7
24.0% 70.7% 0.2%
Philippines 10.1 10.5 9.9 10.7 12.3 13.9 13.6 13.9 14.0 14.4
13.5
-6.1% 2.9% 0.4%
Singapore 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0
1.2
18.3% 6.6%
◆
South Korea 7.6 8.6 10.2 14.7 17.3 18.9 24.1 27.2 30.5 31.1
40.2
29.8% 18.1% 1.1%
Sri Lanka 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.3
1.6
25.6% 28.1%
◆
Taiwan 3.4 3.4 3.8 3.9 4.3 4.5 5.2 6.4 7.9 10.4
12.1
17.6% 13.6% 0.3%
Thailand 4.1 5.2 7.2 9.0 10.0 12.5 14.9 17.9 21.4 20.5
21.9
6.9% 18.3% 0.6%
Vi etnam 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.7 6.1 12.1
28.3
135.5% 75.4% 0.8%
Other A sia Pacific 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.5 2.0 2.2
2.6
18.8% 19.4% 0.1%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 235.0 283.6 351.1 426.0 509.7 624.4 805.1 1005.5 1160.9 1323.7
1690.1
28.0% 21.8% 46.2%
Total World 908.3 1067.8 1245.1 1412.5 1637.2 1849.6 2182.3 2489.2 2799.2 3146.6 3657.2 16.5% 14.9% 100.0%
of which: OECD 673.4 779.5 886.9 976.5 1112.8 1197.6 1351.0 1453.5 1592.3 1766.1
1910.1
8.4% 11.0% 52.2%
Non-OECD 234.9 288.3 358.2 436.0 524.3 652.0 831.3 1035.7 1206.9 1380.5
1747.2
26.9% 22.2% 47.8%
European Union 336.4 397.2 439.5 465.5 519.8 525.5 580.9 597.5 655.9 710.6
730.2
3.0% 8.1% 20.0%
*
Renewable energy is based on gross generation from renewable sources including wind, geothermal, solar, biomass and waste, and not accounting for cross -border electricity supply.
†Less than 0.05.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Annual changes and share of total are calculated using terawatt-hours.
45
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Renewable energy: Generation by source*
2021 Growth rate
Terawatt-hours Wind Solar
Other
renewables‡
2020
Total Wind Solar
Other
renewables‡
2021
Total Wind Solar
Other
renewables‡ Total
Canada 35.6 4.3 9.4 49.3 35.1 5.2 9.7
50.0
-1.2% 20.9% 3.6%
1.6%
Mexico 19.7 9.5 7.0 36.2 20.9 11.9 6.9
39.7
6.4% 26.3% -1.6%
10.0%
US 341.4 132.0 74.3 547.7 383.6 165.4 75.5
624.5
12.7% 25.6% 1.9%
14.3%
Total N orth America 396.7 145.8 90.7 633.2 439.6 182.4 92.1
714.1
11.1% 25.5% 1.8%
13.1%
Argentina 9.4 1.3 2.3 13.0 12.9 2.2 2.1
17.2
37.9% 63.8% -6.8%
32.8%
Brazil 57.1 10.7 58.7 126.5 72.3 16.8 55.0
144.0
27.1% 56.3% -6.2%
14.1%
Chile 5.6 7.6 8.7 22.0 9.5 10.6 8.5
28.5
69.7% 39.5% -3.0%
30.3%
Colombia † 0.2 2.8 3.0 0.1 0.3 2.8
3.2
493.0% 66.8% 0.3%
6.1%
Ecuador 0.1 † 0.5 0.6 0.1 † 0.4
0.5
-19.4% -2.1% -11.6%
-12.0%
Peru 1.8 0.8 0.5 3.2 1.8 0.9 0.6
3.3
-0.4% 3.4% 13.7%
2.9%
Trinidad & Tobago – † – † – † –
†
– – –
–
Venezuela 0.1 † † 0.1 0.1 † †
0.1
– – –
–
Central America 3.7 2.6 9.7 16.0 4.1 3.0 10.0
17.1
9.8% 17.3% 3.8%
7.4%
Other Caribbean 2.1 1.8 1.2 5.2 2.3 2.4 1.3
5.9
7.8% 31.6% 3.3%
15.1%
Other South America 5.5 0.8 3.1 9.5 5.1 1.0 3.3
9.4
-7.5%
26.1% 6.0%
-0.2%
Total S. & Cent. America 85.5 26.0 87.6 199.1 108.2 37.2 84.0
229.3
27.0% 43.5% -3.9%
15.5%
Austria 6.8 2.0 4.6 13.4 6.8 2.1 4.4
13.3
-0.3% 4.3% -4.3%
-1.0%
Belgium 12.8 5.1 5.3 23.1 11.9 5.6 4.9
22.4
-6.7% 10.1% -6.5%
-2.9%
Bulgaria 1.5 1.5 1.7 4.7 1.4 1.5 1.7
4.6
-2.7% 0.9% –
-0.6%
Croatia 1.7 0.1 1.1 2.9 2.1 0.1 1.2
3.3
20.5% 2.2% 10.9%
16.3%
Cyprus 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.5 †
0.8
2.8% 60.8% -30.8%
28.1%
Czech Republic 0.7 2.2 5.1 8.0 0.6 2.2 5.3
8.0
-13.7% -3.4% 3.5%
0.1%
Denmark 16.3 1.2 5.9 23.4 16.0 1.3 8.7
26.0
-1.6% 8.5% 47.8%
11.4%
Estonia 0.8 0.1 1.8 2.7 0.7 0.3 2.1
3.1
-11.8% 99.2% 19.4%
13.5%
Finland 8.0 0.2 11.5 19.7 8.2 0.3 13.6
22.1
2.7% 39.7% 18.7%
12.4%
France 39.7 12.9 10.7 63.3 37.0 14.6 11.2
62.8
-6.7% 13.3% 5.2%
-0.6%
Germany 132.1 48.6 51.1 231.8 117.7 49.0 50.9
217.6
-10.7% 1.0% -0.1%
-5.9%
Greece 9.3 4.4 0.5 14.2 10.5 5.2 0.2
15.8
12.8% 16.5% -60.8%
11.6%
Hungary 0.7 2.5 2.2 5.3 0.7 3.8 2.2
6.7
-0.3% 54.7% 2.4%
26.4%
Iceland † –
6.0 6.0 † – 5.8
5.8
-8.4% – -2.6%
-2.6%
Ireland 11.5 0.1 0.9 12.6 9.7 0.1 1.0
10.7
-15.7%
◆
3.6%
-14.2%
Italy 18.6 24.6 25.7 68.8 20.6 25.1 25.8
71.4
11.1% 2.4% 0.7%
4.1%
Latvia 0.2 † 0.9 1.0 0.1 † 0.8
1.0
-21.1%
◆
-4.8%
-7.6%
Lithuania 1.6 0.1 0.6 2.3 1.4 0.1 0.6
2.0
-12.0% -3.7% -6.5%
-10.1%
Luxembourg 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.4
1.0
-3.2% 37.6% 5.1%
7.7%
Netherlands 15.3 8.8 8.8 33.0 17.9 11.4 10.8
40.1
17.0% 30.8% 22.4%
22.1%
North Macedonia 0.1 † 0.1 0.2 0.1 † 0.1
0.2
-11.3% 7.8% -5.8%
-7.5%
Norway 9.9 0.1 0.3 10.3 11.8 0.2 0.3
12.2
19.1% 40.7% –
18.9%
Poland 15.8 2.0 7.5 25.3 16.2 3.9 7.6
27.8
2.8% 102.2% 1.3%
10.1%
Portugal 12.3 1.7 4.0 18.0 13.2 2.2 3.7
19.2
7.8% 30.9% -6.4%
6.8%
Romania 6.9 1.7 0.5 9.2 6.6 1.7 0.7
9.0
-5.1% -1.6% 30.0%
-2.3%
Slovakia † 0.7 1.7 2.3 † 0.7 2.0
2.7
◆
1.6% 22.6%
16.6%
Slove nia † 0.4 0.3 0.7 † 0.3 0.3
0.6
-11.2% -17.7% 7.9%
-6.7%
Spain 56.4 20.7 6.1 83.2 62.4 26.8 6.6
95.8
10.8% 30.1% 8.1%
15.4%
Sweden 27.5 1.0 11.2 39.7 27.3 1.4 13.3
42.1
-0.5% 40.4% 19.6%
6.2%
Switzerland 0.1 2.6 2.0 4.7 0.1 3.0 1.9
5.1
– 16.0% -1.8%
8.1%
Turkey 24.8 11.0 15.8 51.5 31.1 12.8 18.7
62.7
25.8% 17.5% 19.1%
22.0%
Ukraine 3.3 5.4 0.8 9.4 3.9 6.3 0.8
11.0
19.9% 18.1% 3.3%
17.6%
United Kingdom 75.4 13.2 39.3 127.8 64.5 12.4 40.0
116.9
-14.2% -5.6% 2.0%
-8.4%
Other Europe 1.8 0.4 0.3 2.4 2.0 0.4 0.3
2.8
12.5% 16.2% 26.9%
14.6%
Total Europe 512.7 175.7 234.4 922.7 503.0 195.6 247.9
946.5
-1.6% 11.6% 6.1%
2.9%
Azerbaijan 0.1 † 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.2
-4.6% 17.8% -3.4%
0.2%
Belarus 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.3
0.7
– 68.1% –
18.6%
Kazakhstan 1.0 1.2 † 2.3 1.7 1.3 †
3.0
63.1% 4.7% -29.8%
31.0%
Russian Federation 1.1 1.9 0.5 3.5 2.6 2.3 0.5
5.4
127.8% 24.5% 1.3%
54.6%
Turkmenistan – † – † – † –
†
– – –
–
Uzbekistan – † – † † † –
†
– 624.6% –
628.2%
Other CIS 0.1 0.1 † 0.1 0.1 0.1 †
0.2
35.4% 54.2% -3.8%
36.6%
Total CIS 2.5 3.4 0.9 6.8 4.6 4.1 0.9
9.6
84.7% 21.1%
◆
41.6%
Iran 1.1 0.6 † 1.8 1.1 0.7 †
1.8
0.7% 6.1% –
2.6%
Iraq – 0.4 – 0.4 – 0.4 –
0.4
– – –
–
Israel – 4.2 0.2 4.4 – 5.4 0.2
5.7
– 30.7% 22.3%
30.3%
Kuwait † 0.1 – 0.1 † 0.1 –
0.1
– – –
–
Oman 0.1 0.2 – 0.3 0.1 0.3 –
0.4
– 23.3% –
15.6%
Qatar – † 0.1 0.1 – † 0.1
0.1
– – –
–
Saudi Arabia – 0.2 – 0.2 – 0.8 –
0.8
– 301.7% –
301.7%
United Arab Emirates – 4.6 † 4.6 – 5.1 †
5.2
– 13.0% –
13.0%
Other Middle East 1.4 2.4 † 3.9 1.7 2.4 †
4.1
19.9%
0.1% –
7.2%
Total Middle East 2.6 12.7 0.4 15.7 2.9 15.2 0.4
18.5
10.8% 20.4% 12.2%
18.6%
Algeria † 0.7 – 0.7 † 0.7 –
0.7
36.7% -2.8% –
-2.4%
Egypt 6.8 2.8 – 9.7 7.6 2.8 –
10.5
11.7% – –
8.3%
Morocco 4.6 1.5 – 6.1 5.1 1.8 –
6.9
11.5% 20.1% –
13.6%
South Africa 7.0 8.3 0.4 15.7 8.2 7.9 0.4
16.5
17.5% -4.5% –
5.4%
Eastern Africa 2.0 1.2 7.1 10.3 2.6 1.4 7.1
11.1
33.5% 16.1% -0.3%
8.1%
Middle Africa † 0.1 0.1 0.1 † 0.1 0.1
0.1
◆
0.2%
◆
0.1%
Western Africa 0.4 0.8 0.2 1.5 0.4 1.2 0.2
1.9
-0.1% 44.4% 0.2%
24.7%
Other Northern Afri ca 0.5 0.3 – 0.8 0.4 0.3 –
0.7
-7.7% 0.6% –
-4.4%
Other Southe rn Africa – 0.4 0.2 0.5 – 0.4 0.2
0.6
–
7.8% –
5.1%
Total Africa 21.3 16.1 8.1 45.4 24.4 16.5 8.0
49.0
14.9% 3.1% -0.2%
8.1%
Australia 22.6 23.8 3.4 49.9 26.8 31.2 3.3
61.3
18.9% 31.2% -1.7%
23.3%
Bangladesh † 0.4 † 0.4 † 0.5 †
0.5
– 15.9% –
15.5%
China 466.5 261.1 135.6 863.2 655.6 327.0 169.9
1152.5
40.9% 25.6% 25.6%
33.9%
China Hong Kong SAR † † 0.1 0.1 † † 0.1
0.1
2.8% 2.8% 1.9%
2.0%
India 60.4 58.7 32.9 152.0 68.1 68.3 35.5
171.9
13.0% 16.7% 8.0%
13.3%
Indonesia 0.5 0.2 27.9 28.6 0.4 0.2 30.9
31.5
-7.7% 13.0% 10.8%
10.5%
Japan 7.8 75.1 34.8 117.8 8.2 86.3 35.8
130.3
5.8% 15.1% 3.0%
10.9%
Malaysia – 1.2 1.6 2.8 – 1.5 1.6
3.1
– 28.6% 0.6%
12.3%
New Zealand 2.3 0.2 9.0 11.5 2.6 0.2 9.0
11.9
14.9% 28.2% 0.2%
3.6%
Pakistan 2.7 1.2 0.6 4.6 3.4 1.5 0.7
5.7
26.0% 26.3% 11.0%
24.0%
Philippines 1.0 1.4 12.0 14.4 1.2 1.5 10.8
13.5
21.6% 6.7% -9.9%
-6.1%
Singapore – 0.3 0.7 1.0 – 0.4 0.8
1.2
–
34.8% 11.2%
18.3%
South Korea 3.1 19.3 8.6 31.1 3.2 21.8 15.2
40.2
0.8% 13.4% 77.2%
29.8%
Sri Lanka 0.5 0.7 0.1 1.3 0.7 0.8 0.1
1.6
41.1% 17.1% 9.2%
25.6%
Taiwan 2.3 6.1 2.0 10.4 2.2 7.9 2.0
12.1
-2.6% 30.7% 0.7%
17.6%
Thailand 3.7 5.2 11.7 20.5 3.7 5.2 13.0
21.9
– 1.9% 11.3%
6.9%
Vi etnam 1.1 10.9 0.1 12.1 2.4 25.8 0.2
28.3
123.3% 137.9% 25.6%
135.5%
Other A sia Pacific 0.5 1.1 0.6 2.2 0.5 1.5 0.6
2.6
-1.2%
34.9% 6.1%
18.8%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 575.1 466.7 281.9 1323.7 779.2 581.5 329.4
1690.1
35.9% 24.9% 17.2%
28.0%
Total World 1596.4 846.2 703.9 3146.6 1861.9 1032.5 762.8 3657.2 17.0% 22.3% 8.7% 16.5%
of which: OECD 935.4 442.5 388.2 1766.1 976.7 523.3 410.1
1910.1
4.7% 18.6% 5.9%
8.4%
Non-OECD 661.1 403.8 315.7 1380.5 885.2 509.2 352.7
1747.2
34.3% 26.5% 12.0%
26.9%
European Union 397.3 143.3 170.0 710.6 389.5 160.6 180.1
730.2
-1.7% 12.4% 6.2%
3.0%
*
Based on gross generation and not accounting for cross-border electricity supply.
‡
Includes electricity generated from: geothermal, biomass and other sources of renewable energy (not already itemized).
†Less than 0.05.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
A more extensive time serie s of renewables by source is available at bp.com/statisticalreview.
Note: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
46
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Renewable energy: Solar capacity
Installed photovoltaic (PV) power*
Gigawatts 2011 2012 2013 20 14 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.8 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.3
3.6
8.9% 19.2% 0.4%
Mexico † 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 1.1 2.5 4.4 5.1
7.0
36.8% 66.7% 0.8%
US 5.2 8.1 11.8 16.0 21.7 33.0 41.4 49.8 59.1 73.8
93.7
27.3% 33.6% 11.1%
Total N orth America 5.8 9.0 13.1 18.0 24.5 36.3 45.4 55.4 66.8 82.3
104.4
27.2% 33.4% 12.4%
Argentina † † † † † † † 0.2 0.4 0.8
1.1
40.6% 96.4% 0.1%
Brazil † † † † † 0.1 1.2 2.4 4.6 7.9
13.1
66.1% 115.3% 1.5%
Chile – † † 0.2 0.6 1.1 1.8 2.1 2.7 3.2
4.4
36.4% na 0.5%
Honduras † † † † 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
0.5
0.3% 60.7% 0.1%
Other S. & Cent. America 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.8 2.2 2.8 3.2
3.8
20.3% 36.0% 0.5%
Total S. & Cent. America 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.9 2.8 5.3 7.5 11.0 15.5
22.8
47.2% 61.6% 2.7%
Austria 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.0
2.7
32.1% 31.5% 0.3%
Belgium 2.0 2.6 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.6 4.0 4.6 5.6
6.6
18.4% 12.8% 0.8%
Bulgaria 0.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1
1.2
8.4% 22.7% 0.1%
Czech Republic 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1
2.1
0.1% 1.0% 0.3%
Denmark † 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3
1.5
18.4% 56.9% 0.2%
France 3.0 4.4 5.3 6.0 7.1 7.7 8.6 9.7 10.8 12.0
14.7
22.7% 17.2% 1.7%
Germany 25.9 34.1 36.7 37.9 39.2 40.7 42.3 45.2 48.9 53.7
58.5
9.1% 8.5% 6.9%
Greece 0.6 1.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.3
3.5
7.7% 19.2% 0.4%
Hungary † † † 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.7 1.4 2.1
2.1
0.3% 87.3% 0.3%
Italy 13.1 16.8 18.2 18.6 18.9 19.3 19.7 20.1 20.9 21.7
22.7
5.1% 5.6% 2.7%
Netherlands 0.1 0.3 0.7 1.0 1.5 2.1 2.9 4.6 7.2 10.9
14.2
30.5% 57.8% 1.7%
Poland † † † † 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 1.5 4.0
6.3
58.6% 137.2% 0.7%
Portugal 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.1
1.8
64.2% 26.5% 0.2%
Romania † † 0.8 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4
1.4
1.4% 106.3% 0.2%
Slovakia 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5
0.5
0.3% 0.8% 0.1%
Spain 4.3 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7
4.7 4.8 8.8 10.3
13.6
33.1% 12.3% 1.6%
Sweden † † † 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.1
1.6
42.9% 62.9% 0.2%
Switzerland 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.5 3.0
3.4
16.3% 31.5% 0.4%
Turkey † † † † 0.2 0.8 3.4 5.1 6.0 6.7
7.8
17.5% 102.6% 0.9%
Ukraine 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.2 2.0 5.9 7.3
8.1
10.3% 45.6% 1.0%
United Kingdom 1.0 1.8 2.9 5.5 9.6 11.9 12.8 13.1 13.3 13.5
13.7
2.0% 29.9% 1.6%
Other Europe 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.6 2.3
3.0
28.7% 35.9% 0.4%
Total Europe 53.6 71.7 81.9 88.8 97.5 104.6 113.3 124.2 146.0 167.0
191.1
14.7% 13.6% 22.7%
Russian Federation † † † † 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.3 1.4
1.7
16.7% 206.1% 0.2%
Other CIS † † † 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.7 1.3 1.9
3.3
69.7% 109.5% 0.4%
Total CIS † † † 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 1.2 2.6 3.3
4.9
47.1% 118.1% 0.6%
Israel 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.8 2.2
2.3
4.0% 28.4% 0.3%
Jordan † † † † † 0.3 0.4 0.7 1.2 1.4
1.5
5.3% 185.0% 0.2%
United Arab Emirates † † † † † † 0.3 0.5 1.8 2.2
2.6
18.4% 70.2% 0.3%
Other Middle East † † 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.1
1.5
33.8% 73.8% 0.2%
Total Middle East 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.5 2.1 3.3 5.7 7.0
8.0
13.7% 44.0% 0.9%
Algeria – – – † † 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
0.4
0.3% na 0.1%
Egypt † † † † † † 0.2 0.7 1.6 1.7
1.7
0.3% 60.1% 0.2%
Morocco † † † † † † † 0.2 0.2 0.2
0.2
21.1% 32.4% 0.0%
South Africa † † 0.3 1.1 1.3 2.0 3.1 4.4 4.4 5.5
5.7
4.5% 99.7% 0.7%
Other Africa 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.4 1.8 1.9
2.3
17.1% 25.6% 0.3%
Total Africa 0.3 0.3 0.7 1.6 1.9 3.0 4.7 7.2 8.4 9.7
10.3
6.5% 44.1% 1.2%
Australia 2.5 3.8 4.6 5.3 5.9 6.7 7.4 8.6 13.0 17.3
19.1
10.3% 22.7% 2.3%
China 3.1 6.7 17.7 28.4 43.5 77.8 130.8 175.0 204.6 253.4
306.4
21.2% 58.3% 36.3%
India 0.6 1.0 1.4 3.4 5.4 9.7 17.9 27.1 34.9 39.0
49.3
26.7% 56.4% 5.9%
Japan 4.9 6.6 13.6 23.3 34.2 42.0 49.5 56.2 63.2 69.8
74.2
6.6% 31.2% 8.8%
Malaysia † † 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.9 1.5
1.8
20.8% 124.7% 0.2%
Pakistan †
† 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9
1.1
26.3% 50.1% 0.1%
Philippines † † † † 0.2 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1
1.4
29.8% 91.9% 0.2%
South Korea 0.7 1.0 1.6 2.5 3.6 4.5 5.8 8.1 12.0 14.6
18.2
24.9% 37.9% 2.2%
Taiwan 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.8 2.7 4.1 5.8
7.7
32.7% 50.4% 0.9%
Thailand 0.1 0.4 0.8 1.3 1.4 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.0
3.0
2.3% 44.1% 0.4%
Vi etnam † † † † † † † 0.1 5.0 16.7
16.7
0.3% 127.3% 2.0%
Other A sia Pacific 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.8 2.3
2.8
20.8% 37.3% 0.3%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 12.1 20.0 40.6 65.6 96.2 146.8 218.8 284.2 344.1 425.3
501.6
18.3% 45.1% 59.5%
Total World 72.2 101.7 137.2 175.6 223.2 295.2 390.2 483.0 584.7 710.3 843.1 19.0% 27.9% 100.0%
Source: IRENA (2022), Renewable Energy Statistics 2022, The International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi.
*
End of year.
†Less than 0.05.
Note: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
47
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Renewable energy: Wind capacity
Installed wind turbine capacity*
Gigawatts 2011 2012 2013 20 14 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 5.3 6.2 7.8 9.7 11.2 12.0 12.3 12.8 13.4 13.6
14.3
5.3% 10.5% 1.7%
Mexico 0.6 1.8 2.1 2.6 3.3 4.1 4.2 4.9 6.1 6.5
7.7
18.6% 29.0% 0.9%
US 45.7 59.1 60.0 64.2 72.6 81.3 87.6 94.5 104.1 118.7
132.7
12.1% 11.3% 16.1%
Total N orth America 51.5 67.1 69.9 76.5 87.1 97.3 104.0 112.2 123.5 138.9
154.7
11.7% 11.6% 18.8%
Argentina 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.8 1.6 2.6
3.3
25.8% 49.4% 0.4%
Brazil 1.4 1.9 2.2 4.9 7.6 10.1 12.3 14.8 15.4 17.2
21.2
23.4% 31.0% 2.6%
Chile 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.6 2.1
3.1
46.4% 32.8% 0.4%
Costa Rica 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
0.4
0.3% 11.9% 0.0%
Uruguay † 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
1.5
0.3% 42.6% 0.2%
Other S. & Cent. America 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.1
2.3
6.6% 20.5% 0.3%
Total S. & Cent. America 2.2 3.1 3.7 7.5 11.2 14.5 17.3 20.8 22.6 26.0
31.8
22.5% 30.6% 3.8%
Austria 1.1 1.3 1.7 2.1 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.2
3.5
9.5% 12.3% 0.4%
Belgium 1.1 1.4 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.8 3.3 3.9 4.7
4.8
2.4% 16.2% 0.6%
Bulgaria 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7
0.7
0.6% 2.7% 0.1%
Denmark 4.0 4.2 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.5 6.1 6.1 6.3
7.0
12.4% 5.9% 0.9%
Finland 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 1.0 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.6
3.3
26.3% 32.3% 0.4%
France 6.8 7.6 8.2 9.2 10.3 11.6 13.5 14.9 16.5 17.5
18.7
7.1% 10.7% 2.3%
Germany 28.7 31.0 33.5 38.6 44.6 49.4 55.6 58.7 60.7 62.2
63.8
2.8% 8.3% 7.7%
Greece 1.6 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.6 2.9 3.6 4.1
4.5
8.5% 10.5% 0.5%
Ireland 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.3 3.7 4.1 4.3
4.3
0.9% 10.6% 0.5%
Italy 6.9 8.1 8.5 8.7 9.1 9.4 9.7 10.2 10.7 10.9
11.3
4.0% 5.0% 1.4%
Netherlands 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.9 3.4 4.3 4.2 4.4 4.5 6.6
7.8
18.2% 12.9% 0.9%
Norway 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.7 2.9 4.0
4.7
15.7% 24.7% 0.6%
Poland 1.8 2.6 3.4 3.8 4.9 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.8 6.3
7.0
10.8% 14.5% 0.8%
Portugal 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.9 4.9 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.1
5.2
2.7% 2.1% 0.6%
Romania 1.0 1.8 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.0
3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0
3.0
0.3% 11.8% 0.4%
Spain 21.5 22.8 23.0 22.9 22.9 23.0 23.1 23.4 25.6 26.8
27.5
2.8% 2.5% 3.3%
Sweden 2.8 3.6 4.2 5.1 5.8 6.4 6.6 7.3 8.7 10.0
12.1
21.4% 15.9% 1.5%
Turkey 1.7 2.3 2.8 3.6 4.5 5.8 6.5 7.0 7.6 8.8
10.6
20.4% 19.9% 1.3%
Ukraine 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 1.3 1.4
1.8
26.0% 28.3% 0.2%
United Kingdom 6.6 9.0 11.3 13.1 14.3 16.1 19.6 21.8 24.1 24.5
27.1
11.1% 15.2% 3.3%
Other Europe 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.2
3.6
12.6% 11.8% 0.5%
Total Europe 96.4 109.4 120.9 133.8 147.5 161.4 176.9 188.6 203.5 216.3
232.1
7.7% 9.2% 28.2%
Russian Federation † † † † † † † 0.1 0.1 0.9
2.0
107.4% 69.5% 0.2%
Other CIS † † † 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7
1.4
103.6% 79.0% 0.2%
Total CIS † † † 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.6 1.6
3.3
105.8% 72.7% 0.4%
Iran 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
0.3
1.0% 12.2% 0.0%
Jordan † † † † 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
0.6
20.3% 84.0% 0.1%
Other Middle East † † † † † † † † 0.1 0.1
0.1
0.3% 29.6% 0.0%
Total Middle East 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9
1.0
11.7% 25.4% 0.1%
Egypt 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.4
1.6
19.2% 11.4% 0.2%
Morocco 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.4
1.4
2.4% 18.9% 0.2%
South Africa † † 0.3 0.6 1.1 1.5 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.5
3.0
17.8% 76.3% 0.4%
Tunisia 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
0.2
0.3% 16.4% 0.0%
Other Africa 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.9
1.1
13.1% 24.2% 0.1%
Total Africa 1.0 1.1 1.7 2.4 3.3 3.8 4.6 5.5 5.5 6.5
7.3
13.4% 22.1% 0.9%
Australia 2.1 2.6 3.2 3.8 4.2 4.3 4.8 5.4 6.3 8.6
9.0
4.3% 15.5% 1.1%
China 46.4 61.6 76.7 96.8 131.0 148.5 164.4 184.7 209.6 282.1
329.0
16.9% 21.6% 39.9%
India 16.2 17.3 18.4 22.5 25.1 28.7 32.8 35.3 37.5 38.6
40.1
4.2% 9.5% 4.9%
Japan 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.8 3.2 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.4
4.5
2.6% 6.3% 0.5%
New Zealand 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8
0.9
17.3% 3.9% 0.1%
Pakistan † 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.2
1.3
8.3% 71.7% 0.2%
Philippines †
† † 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
0.4
0.3% 29.7% 0.1%
South Korea 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6
1.7
4.7% 14.9% 0.2%
Taiwan 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9
1.0
10.6% 7.1% 0.1%
Thailand † 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 1.1 1.5 1.5
1.5
0.3% 70.4% 0.2%
Other A sia Pacific 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1
4.7
344.1% 42.9% 0.6%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 68.8 86.0 103.4 128.8 166.7 189.2 210.5 235.2 264.4 341.3
394.2
15.8% 19.1% 47.8%
Total World 220.1 266.9 299.8 349.3 416.2 466.9 514.2 563.5 621.3 731.8 824.9 13.0% 14.1% 100.0%
Source: IRENA (2022), Renewable Energy Statistics 2022, The International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi.
*
End of year.
†Less than 0.05.
Notes: Capacity figures in this table include both onshore and offshore wind and are on an AC basis.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
48
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Renewables: Biofuels production*
Thousand barrels of oil
equivalent per day 2011 2012 2013 2014 2 015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 18 17 18 22 21 22 22 22 24 22
22
-0.9% 2.0% 1.4%
Mexico – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
US 556 531 555 588 605 642 664 684 665 602
643
7.1% 1.5% 40.7%
Total N orth America 574 548 574 609 625 664 686 707 689 624
665
6.8% 1.5% 42.1%
Argentina 42 43 38 49 38 53 58 51 46 27
38
42.8% -0.8% 2.2%
Brazil 251 257 299 315 338 317 320 384 411 394
376
-4.3% 4.1% 21.5%
Colombia 11 12 12 13 13 13 12 14 13 12
13
7.4% 1.9% 0.7%
Other S. & Cent. America 5 5 7 7 8 10 10 11 12 12
12
2.5% 9.0% 0.7%
Total S. & Cent. America 309 316 356 384 396 392 399 460 482 445
439
-1.0% 3.6% 25.2%
Austria 7 7 7 6 7 8 7 7 7 7
8
5.9% 0.8% 0.5%
Belgium 8 8 8 11 7 7 8 8 8 9
9
0.3% 1.0% 0.6%
Finland 4 5 6 7 8 2 6 5 6 6
5
-4.3% 3.4% 0.3%
France 42 49 46 47 49 45 44 50 46 43
48
11.2% 1.3% 3.0%
Germany 58 54 58 64 59 60 61 63 66 63
54
-13.6% -0.6% 3.4%
Italy 11 6 9 10 10 10 12 13 15 21
21
-1.6% 6.4% 1.3%
Netherlands 12 24 28 33 36 28 37 36 38 38
38
1.3% 11.8% 2.4%
Poland 8 12 13 14 15 17 17 17 18 18
19
6.9% 9.7% 1.2%
Portugal 6 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 6
5
-2.6% -1.3% 0.3%
Spain 16 11 14 19 21 22 35 40 39 33
32
-3.2% 7.4% 2.0%
Sweden 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 7 8 8
11
46.5% 12.3% 0.7%
United Kingdom 3 6 9 7 6 10 14 13 11 10
10
-2.0% 12.1% 0.6%
Other Europe 22 26 28 28 31 33 35 39 40 39
41
4.1% 6.5% 2.6%
Total Europe 201 217 234 256 260 252 286 304 310 301
302
0.6% 4.2% 19.1%
Total CIS 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
†
0.3% -6.2%
◆
Total Middle East 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
†
0.3% 2.3%
◆
Total Africa 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2
2
0.7% 1.4% 0.1%
Australia 4 4 5 5 4 2 2 2 3 2
2
-7.5% -6.2% 0.1%
China 36 38 42 47 40 39 47 45 55 58
64
11.4% 6.0% 4.0%
India 5 5 5 5 10 12 11 19 21 23
37
59.8% 22.3% 2.3%
Indonesia 27 33 41 59 24 54 50 91 124 126
140
10.9% 18.0% 8.8%
South Korea 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 13 13 13
15
12.9% 8.7% 0.9%
Thailand 17 24 30 34 36 33 36 40 44 44
40
-9.3% 8.9% 2.5%
Other A sia Pacific 16 21 28 35 36 34 32 37 53 43
40
-5.3% 9.7% 2.6%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 111 132 158 191 159 181 187 247 312 310
338
9.5% 11.8% 21.4%
Total World 1197 1216 1325 1443 1443 1492 1560 1720 1796 1682 1747 4.1% 3.8% 100.0%
of which: OECD 793 785 828 886 906 935 988 1034 1020 944
986
4.8% 2.2% 56.5%
Non-OECD 404 430 497 557 537 557 572 686 776 738
760
3.3% 6.5% 43.5%
European Union 195 210 223 247 252 239 267 286 293 286
287
0.6% 3.9% 16.4%
Biofuels production by fuel type
Thousand barrels of oil
equivalent per day 2011 2012 2013 2014 2 015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Biogasoline
Canada & Mexico 16 16 16 17 16 16 16 17 18 16
17
4.9% 0.5% 1.7%
US 502 475 479 516 534 554 575 580 569 501
542
8.3% 0.8% 53.5%
Brazil 212 217 256 264 280 261 256 305 324 299
276
-7.5% 2.7% 27.3%
Other S. & Cent. America 9 10 14 17 18 21 22 24 24 20
22
10.8% 9.0% 2.2%
Europe 40 46 52 51 56 52 56 57 55 51
54
6.4% 3.1% 5.4%
CIS – – † † † † † † † †
†
0.3% –
◆
Middle East 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0.3% 2.3%
◆
Africa 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2
2
0.7% 1.4% 0.2%
Asia Pacific 39 40 47 53 57 52 58 66 75 79
99
24.4% 9.8% 9.7%
Total World 820 807 866 921 965 960 986 1052 1067 970 1012 4.6% 2.1% 100.0%
of which: OECD 564 543 553 590 613 628 651 660 647 573
617
8.0% 0.9% 60.9%
Non-OECD 256 264 313 331 352 332 335 391 420 397
395
-0.2% 4.4% 39.1%
European Union 40 44 46 45 52 47 48 51 50
48
51
5.9% 2.5% 5.0%
Biodiesel
‡
Canada & Mexico 2 1 2 5 4 6 6 6 5 6
5
-17.3% 10.6% 0.6%
US 54 55 76 71 70 87 89 104 96 101
101
0.9% 6.5% 13.8%
Brazil 39 40 43 50 58 56 63 79 87 95
100
5.6% 9.7% 13.5%
Other S. & Cent. America 48 49 43 53 40 54 57 52 48 31
42
33.9% -1.5% 5.7%
Europe 160 171 183 205 203 200 230 247 255 250
248
-0.6% 4.4% 33.7%
CIS 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0.3% -6.3%
◆
Middle East – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Africa – † † † 0 0 – – – –
–
– – –
Asia Pacific 72 91 111 138 102 129 129 181 237 230
239
4.3% 12.7% 32.6%
Total World 377 409 459 523 478 532 574 668 729 712 734 3.4% 6.9% 100.0%
of which: OECD 229 242 274 296 294 307 337 374 373 371
370
-0.2% 4.9% 50.3%
Non-OECD 148 167 184 227 185 225 237 295 356 341
365
7.3% 9.5% 49.7%
European Union 156 166 177 201 199 192 219 235 243 238
236
-0.5% 4.3% 32.2%
Sources: Includes data from S&P Global; US Energy Information Administration (March 2022).
*
Includes biogasoline (such as ethanol) and biodiesel. Volumes have been adjusted for energy content.
†Less than 0.5.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels per day oil equivalent figures.
49
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Renewables: Biofuels consumption*
Thousand barrels of oil
equivalent per day 2011 2012 2013 2014 2 015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 27 35 35 36 34 32 38 39 40 36
39
6.9% 3.7% 2.1%
Mexico 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 4
4
-3.9% 9.5% 0.2%
US 518 518 573 581 608 658 661 652 670 608
664
9.5% 2.5% 36.1%
Total N orth America 547 555 609 620 645 693 703 695 715 649
707
9.2% 2.6% 38.5%
Argentina 14 17 19 22 24 26 30 28 29 16
17
8.6% 1.8% 0.9%
Brazil 235 222 261 288 341 310 326 378 420 390
412
5.9% 5.8% 22.4%
Colombia 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 15 14 12
16
27.2% 3.2% 0.9%
Other S. & Cent. America 12 14 15 15 16 17 18 18 18 16
17
10.8% 4.2% 1.0%
Total S. & Cent. America 272 265 307 338 395 365 387 440 480 434
462
6.8% 5.4% 25.1%
Austria 10 10 8 10 12 10 9 9 9 8
8
0.9% -1.8% 0.4%
Belgium 7 6 6 8 5 8 9 9 9 12
13
10.7% 7.3% 0.7%
Finland 3 3 4 8 8 3 7 6 7 7
7
11.4% 7.8% 0.4%
France 44 48 49 52 53 53 54 53 55 50
56
13.7% 2.6% 3.1%
Germany 53 56 50 53 50 50 51 53 52 63
56
-11.4% 0.5% 3.0%
Italy 25 28 24 20 25 25 25 26 15 21
22
4.5% -1.3% 1.2%
Netherlands 7 7 7 7 8 8 9 11 14 15
13
-15.5% 5.6% 0.7%
Poland 13 14 14 13 12 8 11 17 18 19
20
7.0% 4.8% 1.1%
Portugal 6 5 5 5 7 5 5 5 5 5
6
27.0% 0.3% 0.3%
Spain 32 39 17 18 18 21 24 31 31 26
25
-3.9% -2.6% 1.3%
Sweden 10 12 12 16 19 25 28 27 27 25
29
18.5% 11.1% 1.6%
United Kingdom 20 17 19 22 17 18 17 24 31 29
26
-10.8% 2.6% 1.4%
Other Europe 27 31 38 36 37 42 49 51 60 62
63
2.4% 9.0% 3.4%
Total Europe 256 276 254 269 272 275 297 322 335 341
345
1.4% 3.0% 18.8%
Total CIS 1 1 † † † 1 2 2 3 3
5
49.6% 24.8% 0.3%
Total Middle East † † † † † † 1 1 1 1
1
6.6% 16.2% 0.1%
Total Africa 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 2 1 2
2
2.8% 7.7% 0.1%
Australia 5 5 5 5 4 3 3 3 2 2
2
3.2% -8.8% 0.1%
China 35 42 57 60 42 46 42 55 49 38
48
26.0% 3.2% 2.6%
India 20 19 19 22 23 28 25 33 37 36
43
21.0% 7.9% 2.3%
Indonesia 7 11 17 28 15 46 39 56 96 125
138
11.2% 35.4% 7.5%
South Korea 6 7 10 9 8 8 8 13 13 13
13
2.6% 7.7% 0.7%
Thailand 14 18 24 28 30 31 34 37 42 42
39
-5.8% 11.1% 2.1%
Other A sia Pacific 11 13 16 19 23 25 26 27 32 28
33
15.4% 12.0% 1.8%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 98 115 149 171 145 186 178 224 271 284
316
11.9% 12.5% 17.2%
Total World 1174 1212 1320 1400 1459 1522 1568 1686 1805 1713 1837 7.6% 4.6% 100.0%
of which: OECD 825 853 888 915 942 992 1025 1048 1075 1013
1077
6.6% 2.7% 58.6%
Non-OECD 348 359 432 486 517 530 543 638 731 700
760
8.9% 8.1% 41.4%
European Union 233 256 224 241 248 248 265 285 287 298
305
2.6% 2.7% 16.6%
Biofuels consumption by fuel type
Thousand barrels of oil
equivalent per day 2011 2012 2013 2014 2 015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Biogasoline
US 22 28 28 30 30 30 32 34 34 31
32
4.8% 3.7% 3.0%
Canada & Mexico 465 463 477 485 503 516 522 520 525 456
503
10.5% 0.8% 47.9%
Brazil 197 181 218 238 283 254 263 300 333 295
311
5.7% 4.7% 29.6%
Other S. & Cent. America 13 15 18 20 22 24 26 27 26 21
26
21.9% 6.8% 2.4%
Europe 55 56 52 52 53 52 54 56 61 59
67
14.2% 1.9% 6.3%
CIS – – – – – † 1 1 2 2
3
56.6% – 0.3%
Middle East † † † † † † † † † †
†
3.0% -0.8%
◆
Africa 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2
2
2.8% 7.7% 0.2%
Asia Pacific 58 61 66 74 80 89 84 98 101 91
107
17.9% 6.4% 10.2%
Total World 811 805 861 901 973 967 983 1038 1083 957 1050 10.1% 2.6% 100.0%
of which: OECD 552 557 567 578 597 610 621 623 631 556
613
10.4% 1.0% 58.3%
Non-OECD 259 249 294 323 375 357 362 414 452 400
438
9.7% 5.4% 41.7%
European Union 49 48 43 43 43 42 44 46 50
50
55
11.5% 1.3% 5.3%
Biodiesel
US 7 9 8 8 7 6 9 10 10 10
11
8.7% 5.3% 1.4%
Canada & Mexico 53 54 96 96 105 141 138 132 145 152
161
6.4% 11.8% 20.5%
Brazil 38 40 43 50 58 56 63 79 87 95
101
6.4% 10.3% 12.8%
Other S. & Cent. America 24 28 28 30 31 32 35 34 34 23
24
7.9% 0.2% 3.1%
Europe 201 221 201 217 219 223 243 266 273 282
278
-1.2% 3.3% 35.3%
CIS 1 1 † † † 1 1 1 1 1
2
39.2% 13.1% 0.2%
Middle East – – – – – † † 1 1 1
1
7.6% – 0.1%
Africa – – – – – – – – – –
–
– – –
Asia Pacific 40 54 82 98 66 97 94 126 170 192
209
9.0% 18.0% 26.6%
Total World 362 407 460 499 486 555 584 648 722 756 787 4.3% 8.1% 100.0%
of which: OECD 273 296 322 337 345 382 403 424 443 457
465
2.0% 5.5% 59.0%
Non-OECD 90 111 138 163 142 173 181 224 279 300
322
7.9% 13.7% 41.0%
European Union 185 208 181 199 205 206 221 239 237 248
250
0.8% 3.1% 31.7%
Sources: Includes data from S&P Global; US Energy Information Administration (March 2022).
*
Includes biogasoline (such as ethanol) and biodiesel. Volumes have been adjusted for energy content.
†Less than 0.5.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Notes: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Annual changes and shares of total are calculated using thousand barrels of oil equivalent per day figures.
50
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Electricity
Electricity generation*
Terawatt-hours 2 011 2012 20 13 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Canada 638.3 636.5 655.7 647.6 659.3 663.7 664.5 655.8 650.8 649.1
641.0
-1.0%
◆
2.3%
Mexico 292.1 296.4 297.1 303.3 310.3 319.4 325.1 335.1 344.6 325.7
336.0
3.4% 1.4% 1.2%
US 4363.4 4310.6 4330.3 4363.3 4348.7 4347.9 4302.5 4461.6 4411.2 4284.8
4406.4
3.1% 0.1% 15.5%
Total N orth America 5293.8 5243.5 5283.1 5314.2 5318.4 5331.1 5292.2 5452.5 5406.5 5259.7
5383.5
2.6% 0.2% 18.9%
Argentina 129.5 136.0 139.4 138.6 145.4 147.2 145.6 146.8 139.5 144.6
152.5
5.7% 1.6% 0.5%
Brazil 531.8 552.5 570.8 590.5 581.2 578.9 589.3 601.4 626.3 621.3
654.4
5.6% 2.1% 2.3%
Chile 65.2 69.7 73.0 71.6 74.5 77.7 78.6 82.3 83.6 83.7
87.8
5.1% 3.0% 0.3%
Colombia 66.2 67.7 69.8 72.7 75.0 74.4 75.0 78.4 80.8 78.8
82.8
5.3% 2.3% 0.3%
Ecuador 20.5 22.8 23.3 24.3 26.0 27.3 28.0 29.7 32.9 31.2
32.2
3.4% 4.6% 0.1%
Peru 38.8 41.0 43.3 45.5 48.3 51.7 52.7 55.0 57.0 52.8
57.4
9.1% 4.0% 0.2%
Trinidad & Tobago 8.8 9.1 9.5 9.9 10.3 10.0 9.9 9.2 9.2 8.6
9.0
4.6% 0.2%
◆
Venezuela 122.9 127.9 132.6 130.9 125.3 114.7 110.3 95.4 80.1 74.5
76.7
3.2% -4.6% 0.3%
Central America 44.4 46.1 47.5 48.9 51.7 53.3 53.7 56.4 57.8 55.2
59.3
7.7% 2.9% 0.2%
Other Caribbean 74.3 76.1 76.7 75.9 77.8 78.6 74.5 76.5 79.9 77.5
81.0
4.9% 0.9% 0.3%
Other South America 78.9 82.3 84.2 80.9 82.7 91.3 87.9 87.9 80.0 74.3
71.8
-3.0% -0.9% 0.3%
Total S. & Cent. America 1181.2 1231.4 1270.3 1289.8 1298.2 1305.2 1305.7 1319.0 1327.3 1302.5
1364.8
5.1% 1.5% 4.8%
Austria 65.9 72.7 68.4 65.6 65.5 68.5 71.3 68.6 74.2 72.6
73.8
2.0% 1.2% 0.3%
Belgium 90.2 82.9 83.5 72.5 69.7 85.6 86.6 75.0 93.6 89.4
100.2
12.4% 1.1% 0.4%
Bulgaria 50.8 47.3 43.8 47.5 49.2 45.3 45.6 46.8 44.2 40.9
47.7
17.0% -0.6% 0.2%
Croatia 11.4 10.8 14.1 13.6 11.4 12.8 12.0 13.6 12.8 13.4
15.2
14.1% 3.0% 0.1%
Cyprus 4.9 4.7 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.1 4.8
5.1
5.6% 0.4%
◆
Czech Republic 87.6 87.6 87.1 86.0 83.9 83.3 87.0 88.0 87.0 81.4
84.9
4.5% -0.3% 0.3%
Denmark 35.2 30.7 34.7 32.2 28.9 30.5 31.0 30.4 29.5 28.7
33.4
16.5% -0.5% 0.1%
Estonia 12.9 12.0 13.3 12.4 10.4 12.2 13.2 12.4 7.6 6.0
6.8
13.8% -6.3%
◆
Finland 73.7 70.5 71.4 68.2 69.2 69.7 68.5 71.1 69.5 70.1
72.6
3.9% -0.1% 0.3%
France 565.0 565.2 575.3 564.8 571.7 556.2 554.0
574.0 562.8 523.7
547.2
4.8% -0.3% 1.9%
Germany 612.9 628.9 637.6 625.7 646.1 648.2 651.4 640.2 607.0 573.6
584.5
2.2% -0.5% 2.1%
Greece 59.4 61.0 57.2 50.5 51.9 54.4 55.3 53.3 48.6 48.3
55.8
15.9% -0.6% 0.2%
Hungary 36.0 34.6 30.3 29.4 30.4 31.9 32.9 32.1 34.3 34.9
35.8
2.8% -0.1% 0.1%
Iceland 17.2 17.5 18.1 18.1 18.8 18.5 19.2 19.8 19.5 19.1
19.6
2.9% 1.3% 0.1%
Ireland 27.5 27.6 26.1 26.3 28.4 30.4 30.9 31.1 31.0 32.3
31.5
-2.2% 1.4% 0.1%
Italy 302.6 299.3 289.8 279.8 283.0 289.8 295.8 289.7 293.9 280.5
287.2
2.7% -0.5% 1.0%
Latvia 6.1 6.2 6.2 5.1 5.5 6.4 7.5 6.7 6.4 5.7
5.8
2.0% -0.4%
◆
Lithuania 4.8 5.0 4.8 4.4 4.9 4.3 4.2 3.5 4.0 5.5
4.8
-13.1% -0.1%
◆
Luxembourg 3.7 3.8 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.2
2.3
3.5% -4.7%
◆
Netherlands 113.0 102.5 100.9 103.4 110.1 115.2 117.3 114.1 121.4 123.6
121.6
-1.3% 0.7% 0.4%
North Macedonia 6.8 6.3 6.1 5.4 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.9 5.3
5.5
3.7% -2.0%
◆
Norway 127.6 147.7 134.0 142.0 144.5 149.0 149.4 147.1 134.9 154.2
157.1
2.2% 2.1% 0.6%
Poland 163.5 162.1 164.6 159.1 164.9 166.6 170.5 170.0 164.0 157.1
180.0
14.9% 1.0% 0.6%
Portugal 52.5 46.6 51.7 52.8 52.4 60.3 59.4 59.6 53.2 53.1
49.7
-6.1% -0.5% 0.2%
Romania 62.2 59.0 58.9 63.3 66.3 65.1 64.3 64.8 59.5 55.8
59.3
6.6% -0.5% 0.2%
Slovakia 28.1 28.4 28.6 27.3 27.2 27.1 27.6 26.9 28.4 28.8
29.7
3.5% 0.6% 0.1%
Slove nia 16.1 15.7 16.1 17.4 15.1 16.5 16.3 16.3 16.1 17.2
15.9
-7.0% -0.1% 0.1%
Spain 291.8 297.6 285.3 278.8 281.0 274.6 275.6 274.5 267.5 263.4
272.1
3.6% -0.7% 1.0%
Sweden 151.2 166.3 153.2 153.7 162.1 156.1 164.3 163.4 168.4 163.8
169.9
4.0% 1.2% 0.6%
Switzerland 64.8 70.0 70.4 72.0 66.3 61.9 61.8 67.6 71.9 70.2
64.9
-7.3%
◆
0.2%
Turkey 229.4 239.5 240.2 252.0 261.8 274.4 297.3 304.8 303.9 306.7
333.3
9.0% 3.8% 1.2%
Ukraine 194.9 198.9 194.4 182.8 163.7 164.6 156.0 159.9 154.1 147.8
155.5
5.5% -2.2% 0.5%
United Kingdom 368.0 363.9 358.3 338.1 338.9 339.2 338.2 332.7 323.8 312.0
309.9
-0.4% -1.7% 1.1%
Other Europe 81.6 79.3 90.1 80.2 85.4 89.0 82.9 92.3 87.4 86.7
93.6
8.3% 1.4% 0.3%
Total Europe 4019.3 4052.2 4021.4 3937.5 3981.4 4020.4 4060.2 4063.1 3993.4 3879.0
4032.5
4.2%
◆
14.2%
Azerbaijan 20.3 23.0 23.4 24.7 24.7 25.0 24.3 25.2 26.1 25.8
27.9
8.2% 3.2% 0.1%
Belarus 32.2 30.8
31.5 34.7 34.2 33.6 34.5 38.9 40.5 38.7
41.2
6.7% 2.5% 0.1%
Kazakhstan 86.6 90.6 92.6 94.6 91.6 94.6 103.1 107.3 106.5 108.6
114.4
5.6% 2.8% 0.4%
Russian Federation 1054.9 1069.3 1059.1 1064.2 1067.5 1091.0 1091.2 1109.2 1118.1 1085.4
1157.1
6.9% 0.9% 4.1%
Turkmenistan 17.2 17.8 18.9 20.1 21.5 22.6 22.8 24.2 25.4 26.6
27.9
5.4% 5.0% 0.1%
Uzbekistan 52.8 53.0 54.9 55.4 57.3 59.1 60.8 62.9 63.1 66.1
70.1
6.4% 2.9% 0.2%
Other CIS 44.6 46.0 43.3 44.1 44.0 43.5 46.3 48.6 49.2 49.4
49.4
0.3% 1.0% 0.2%
Total CIS 1308.5 1330.4 1323.7 1337.9 1340.9 1369.3 1383.0 1416.4 1428.8 1400.7
1488.0
6.5% 1.3% 5.2%
Iran 235.6 248.8 258.9 275.6 280.2 286.1 305.2 312.4 318.9 337.2
357.8
6.4% 4.3% 1.3%
Iraq 42.2 47.8 62.1 71.2 75.3 86.3 93.6 100.2 106.0 105.5
112.5
6.9% 10.3% 0.4%
Israel 59.3 63.0 61.4 61.3 64.3 67.4 67.7 69.3 72.4 72.3
73.6
2.1% 2.2% 0.3%
Kuwait 57.5 62.7 61.0 65.1 68.3 70.1 72.9 74.2 75.1 74.8
80.8
8.2% 3.5% 0.3%
Oman 21.9 25.0 26.2 29.1 32.8 34.2 36.1 37.7 38.8 38.0
41.5
9.4% 6.6% 0.1%
Qatar 30.7 34.8 34.7 38.7 41.5 42.3 45.6 47.9 49.9 49.3
51.7
5.2% 5.3% 0.2%
Saudi Arabia 250.1 272.1 284.5 312.3 338.8 337.4 354.4 334.9 335.4 338.0
356.6
5.8% 3.6% 1.3%
United Arab Emirates 99.1 106.2 110.0 116.5 127.4 129.6 134.6 136.0 138.5 137.3
139.4
1.8% 3.5% 0.5%
Other Middle East 104.0 98.8 94.9 94.5 93.0 93.5 94.4 91.7 94.3 90.5
91.7
1.6% -1.3% 0.3%
Total Middle East 900.4 959.1 993.5 1064.5 1121.7 1147.0 1204.3 1204.2 1229.3 1243.0
1305.6
5.3% 3.8% 4.6%
Algeria 53.1 57.4 59.9 64.2 68.8 71.0 76.0 76.7 81.5 79.2
84.3
6.7% 4.7% 0.3%
Egypt 149.6 162.8 165.1 171.2 181.8 188.2 193.2 199.4 200.6 198.6
209.7
5.9% 3.4% 0.7%
Morocco 25.4 27.7 28.1 29.3 30.3 30.7 31.6 34.4 40.1 38.5
41.0
6.9% 4.9% 0.1%
South Africa 262.5 257.9 256.1 254.8 250.4 253.1 255.4 256.3 252.6 239.5
244.3
2.3% -0.7% 0.9%
Eastern Africa 78.5 81.7 86.9 93.2 98.6 97.4 103.4 108.7 108.5 109.8
116.4
6.3% 4.0% 0.4%
Middle Africa 23.1 23.8 28.4 31.4 33.8 34.3 35.5 39.6 43.6 45.7
46.8
2.9% 7.3% 0.2%
Western Africa 52.8 55.4 60.4 64.0 64.4 69.3 71.8 74.3 80.3 85.7
92.5
8.2% 5.8% 0.3%
Other Northern Afri ca 42.6 52.4 56.4 57.0 57.3 51.4 54.0 55.3 55.9 53.5
58.2
9.0% 3.2% 0.2%
Other Southe rn Africa 2.9 3.5 4.1 5.0 5.0 4.8 5.7 5.1 4.5 4.7
4.4
-7.3% 4.2%
◆
Total Africa 690.3 722.5 745.5 770.1 790.5 800.1 826.6 849.7 867.6 855.1
897.5
5.2% 2.7% 3.2%
Australia 256.3 250.7 249.6 247.6 254.0 258.2 259.0 262.6 265.9 265.2
267.5
1.1% 0.4% 0.9%
Bangladesh 44.2 48.7 54.4 57.4 61.8 70.0 73.4 81.1 89.7 89.1
97.9
10.2% 8.3% 0.3%
China 4713.0 4987.6 5431.6 5794.5 5814.6 6133.2 6604.4 7166.1 7503.4 7779.1
8534.3
10.0% 6.1% 30.0%
China Hong Kong SAR 39.1 38.8 39.1 39.9 38.0 38.2 37.0 36.5 36.9 35.2
37.1
5.7% -0.5% 0.1%
India 1034.0 1091.8 1146.1 1262.2 1322.1 1401.7 1471.3 1579.2 1622.1 1563.3
1714.8
10.0% 5.2% 6.0%
Indonesia 183.4 200.3 216.2 228.6 234.0 247.9 254.7 283.8 295.4 291.8
309.4
6.3% 5.4% 1.1%
Japan 1104.2 1106.9 1087.8 1062.7 1030.1 1035.1 1042.1 1053.2 1025.8 997.0
1019.7
2.6% -0.8% 3.6%
Malaysia 127.1 134.1 141.0 147.5 150.1 156.7 160.6 170.6 178.5 169.5
177.2
4.9% 3.4% 0.6%
New Zealand 44.6 44.2 43.3 44.0 44.7 44.2 44.6 44.7 45.1 44.5
44.4
◆ ◆
0.2%
Pakistan 100.6 99.5 101.0 106.3 110.5 115.9 127.4 137.8 137.5 135.3
152.1
12.7% 4.2% 0.5%
Philippines 69.2 72.9 75.3 77.3 82.4 90.8 94.4 99.8 106.0 101.8
108.3
6.7% 4.6% 0.4%
Singapore 46.0 46.9 48.0 49.3 50.3 51.6 52.2 52.9 54.1 53.1
55.8
5.4% 1.9% 0.2%
South Korea 518.2 531.2 537.2 540.4 547.8 561.0 576.4 592.9 586.8 575.3
600.4
4.7% 1.5% 2.1%
Sri Lanka 11.6 11.9 12.0 12.9 13.2 14.4 15.0 16.2 16.8 16.8
17.4
3.7% 4.1% 0.1%
Taiwan 252.2 250.4 252.3 260.0 258.1 264.1 270.3 275.5 274.2 280.0
290.9
4.2% 1.4% 1.0%
Thailand 153.3 169.0 168.6 173.8 177.8 179.8 176.7 177.8 186.5 176.5
176.3
0.2% 1.4% 0.6%
Vi etnam 101.5 115.1 124.5 141.3 157.9 175.7 191.6 209.2 227.4 235.4
244.8
4.3% 9.2% 0.9%
Other A sia Pacific 77.0 78.4 87.1 90.3 93.4 112.6 124.5 132.6 131.5 140.5
146.1
4.3% 6.6%
0.5%
Total Asi a Pacifi c 8875.5 9278.3 9815.0 10335.8 10440.9 10951.1 11575.6 12372.4 12783.7 12949.3
13994.4
8.4% 4.7% 49.2%
Total World 22268.9 22817.5 23452.4 24049.8 24292.0 24924.2 25647.7 26677.3 27036.6 26889.2 28466.3 6.2% 2.5% 100.0%
of which: OECD 11014.4 11022.8 11014.8 10955.2 11004.1 11082.2 11124.4 11310.9 11191.3 10900.7
11210.2
3.1% 0.2% 39.4%
Non-OECD 11254.5 11794.7 12437.7 13094.7 13287.9 13842.0 14523.4 15366.4 15845.3 15988.5
17256.1
8.2% 4.4% 60.6%
European Union 2931.1 2931.4 2912.1 2849.3 2897.9 2919.1 2951.4 2935.3 2894.0 2779.0
2895.3
4.5% -0.1% 10.2%
*
Based on gross output.
◆
Less than 0.05%.
Note: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
51
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Electricity generation by fuel*
2020 2021
Terawatt-hours Oil
Natural
Gas Coal
Nuclear
energy
Hydro
electric
Renew-
ables Other‡ Total Oil
Natural
Gas Coal
Nuclear
energy
Hydro
electric
Renew-
ables Other‡ Total
Canada 2.9 73.6 38.6 97.5 386.5 49.3 0.6 649.1 2.9 75.9 38.7 92.0 380.8 50.0 0.7
641.0
Mexico 32.4 200.1 18.9 11.2 26.9 36.2 – 325.7 32.8 203.3 13.6 11.9 34.7 39.7 –
336.0
US 18.6 1746.4 844.3 831.5 282.8 547.7 13.5 4284.8 20.2 1693.8 978.5 819.1 257.7 624.5 12.7
4406.4
Total N orth America 54.0 2020.1 901.9 940.1 696.3 633.2 14.1 5259.7 55.9 1973.0 1030.7 923.0 673.3 714.1 13.5
5383.5
Argentina 7.1 88.0 1.6 10.7 23.7 13.0 0.6 144.6 7.9 93.3 2.9 10.8 19.6 17.2 0.6
152.5
Brazil 10.5 53.5 20.3 14.1 396.4 126.5 – 621.3 21.9 86.9 24.1 14.7 362.8 144.0 –
654.4
Other S. & C. Amer ica 66.3 90.5 49.1 – 271.2 59.5 † 536.6 66.1 100.9 45.3 – 277.7 68.1 †
558.0
Total S. & C. America 83.9 231.9 71.1 24.7 691.2 199.1 0.6 1302.5 95.9 281.1 72.3 25.5 660.1 229.3 0.6
1364.8
Germany 4.7 95.0 134.6 64.4 18.3 231.8 24.8 573.6 4.8 89.0 162.6 69.0 19.1 217.6 22.4
584.5
Italy 11.4 133.7 15.1 – 45.7 68.8 5.8 280.5 8.3 146.4 14.5 – 43.1 71.4 3.5
287.2
Netherlands 1.4 72.6 7.6 4.1 † 33.0 4.9 123.6 1.4 56.3 17.8 3.8 0.1 40.1 2.1
121.6
Poland 1.7 17.3 109.4 – 2.1 25.3 1.3 157.1 1.5 15.5 131.7 – 2.3 27.8 1.3
180.0
Spain 10.7 69.7 6.1 58.3 30.5 83.2 4.7 263.4 10.3 69.2 6.1 56.5 29.6 95.8 4.7
272.1
Turkey 0.3 70.9 105.8 – 78.1 51.5 – 306.7 0.3 110.4 104.2 – 55.7 62.7 –
333.3
Ukraine 0.3 14.2 40.2 76.2 7.6 9.4 – 147.8 0.8 10.3 36.8 86.2 10.4 11.0 –
155.5
United Kingdom 0.8 111.4 5.5 50.3 6.8 127.8 9.3 312.0 1.5 124.2 6.5 45.9 5.0 116.9 9.9
309.9
Other Europe 17.4 180.5 145.4 580.0 468.8 291.8 30.3 1714.2 19.1 178.1 151.9 621.4 484.4 303.2 30.3
1788.3
Total Europe 48.9 765.4 569.7 833.2 657.9 922.7 81.1 3879.0 47.9 799.3 632.0 882.8 649.7 946.5 74.2
4032.5
Kazakhstan 0.1 27.3 69.4 – 9.7 2.3 – 108.6 0.1 32.9 69.3 – 9.1 3.0 –
114.4
Russian Federation 8.2 464.9 175.8 215.9 212.4 3.5 4.7 1085.4 8.5 496.8 204.7 222.4 214.5 5.4 4.7
1157.1
Other CIS 2.7 153.6 4.3 3.1 41.1 1.0 0.7 206.6 3.4 156.6 4.3 7.8 42.7 1.2 0.6
216.5
Total CIS 11.0 645.8 249.5 219.0 263.2 6.8 5.3 1400.7 11.9 686.4 278.3 230.2 266.3 9.6 5.3
1488.0
Iran 37.0 268.2 0.7 6.3 23.2 1.8 – 337.2 48.7 288.3 0.7 3.5 14.9 1.8 –
357.8
Saudi Arabia 130.8 207.0 – – – 0.2 – 338.0 139.9 215.9 – – – 0.8 –
356.6
United Arab Emirates † 132.7 – 1.6 – 4.6 137.3 † 123.7 – 10.5 – 5.2 –
139.4
Other Middle East 114.7 282.7 19.0 – 4.9 9.1 † 430.4 117.6 301.8 17.0 – 4.6 10.7 –
451.7
Total Middle East 282.5 890.7 19.7 8.0 28.1 15.7 † 1243.0 306.1 929.7 17.7 14.1 19.5 18.5 –
1305.6
Egypt 22.7 151.3 – – 14.9 9.7 – 198.6 26.9 157.6 – – 14.6 10.5 –
209.7
South Africa 1.4 – 202.6 13.9 0.7 15.7 5.1 239.5 1.6 – 209.6 10.4 1.4 16.5 4.8
244.3
Other Africa 42.5 185.8 37.2 – 130.8 20.0 0.7 417.0 47.7 197.9 37.8 – 137.4 22.0 0.7
443.5
Total Africa 66.7 337.0 239.8 13.9 146.4 45.4 5.8 855.1 76.2 355.6 247.4 10.4 153.4 49.0 5.5
897.5
Australia 4.5 53.1 142.9 – 14.4 49.9 0.4 265.2 4.7 47.6 137.4 – 16.0 61.3 0.4
267.5
China 10.8 252.5 4920.8 366.2 1321.7 863.2 43.8 7779.1 12.2 272.6 5339.1 407.5 1300.0 1152.5 50.2
8534.3
India 2.1 74.5 1125.8 44.6 163.7 152.0 0.6 1563.3 2.3 64.2 1271.1 43.9 160.3 171.9 1.1
1714.8
Indonesia 6.8 51.3 180.9 – 24.3 28.6 † 291.8 6.6 56.3 190.0 – 24.7 31.5 0.3
309.4
Japan 36.7 353.6 298.0 43.0 77.4 117.8 70.6 997.0 31.3 326.1 301.9 61.2 77.6 130.3 91.3
1019.7
Malaysia 0.9 53.6 84.2 – 27.9 2.8 – 169.5 1.1 63.3 77.3 – 32.4 3.1 –
177.2
South Korea 6.7 159.9 209.8 160.2 3.9 31.1 3.7 575.3 7.0 176.4 211.7 158.0 3.1 40.2 4.1
600.4
Taiwan 4.4 99.9 125.9 31.4 3.0 10.4 4.9 280.0 5.3 108.3 128.9 27.8 3.5 12.1 5.0
290.9
Thailand 0.7 113.9 36.8 – 4.5 20.5 † 176.5 0.7 113.1 36.1 – 4.5 21.9 †
176.3
Vi etnam 1.3 34.0 114.8 – 73.4 12.1 – 235.4 0.2 26.2 114.1 – 75.9 28.3 –
244.8
Other A sia Pacific 39.9 234.6 147.8 9.5 148.5 35.4 0.6 616.3 54.7 239.3 158.1 15.9 153.7 36.9 0.7
659.1
Total Asi a Pacifi c 114.8 1480.7 7387.7 655.0 1862.9 1323.7 124.7 12949.3 126.3 1493.4 7965.6 714.3 1851.6 1690.1 153.1
13994.4
Total World 661.7 6371.7 9439.3 2694.0 4346.0 3146.6 230.0 26889.2 720.3 6518.5 10244.0 2800.3 4273.8 3657.2 252.2 28466.3
of which: OECD 145.6 3399.6 2065.6 1872.3 1483.3 1766.1 168.2 10900.7 142.5 3372.4 2253.0 1911.0 1440.3 1910.1 181.0
11210.2
Non-OECD 516.0 2972.0 7373.7 821.7 2862.7 1380.5 61.8 15988.5
577.8 3146.1 7991.0 889.2 2833.6 1747.2 71.2
17256.1
European Union 45.5 561.4 369.1 683.8 343.2 710.6 65.4 2779.0 43.0 548.0 439.2 732.2 344.4 730.2 58.4 2895.3
*Based on gross output.
† Less than 0.05.
Note: Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.
52
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Key minerals for the energy transition
Cobalt production
Mine production
Thousand tonnes 2011 2012 20 13 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Australia 3.9 5.9 6.4 6.2 6.0 5.5 5.8 4.9 5.7 5.6
5.6
-0.3% 3.8% 4.2%
Canada 6.8 3.7 4.0 3.9 4.3 4.2 3.7 3.5 3.3 4.5
3.8
-14.1% -5.6% 2.9%
China 1.5 2.2 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.0 2.5 2.2
2.2
0.3% 3.9% 1.7%
Cuba 5.1 4.7 4.0 3.7 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.5 3.8 3.8
4.0
4.9% -2.5% 3.0%
Democratic Republic of Congo 99.5 86.4 76.6 76.5 84.4 69.0 90.3 109.4 78.0 86.6
93.0
7.7% -0.7% 70.9%
Madagascar 0.5 0.6 2.4 3.4 4.0 3.8 3.1 2.9 2.9 0.8
2.0
140.8% 14.9% 1.5%
Morocco 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.7 2.5 2.1 2.3 2.3
2.3
0.3% 0.6% 1.8%
New Caledonia 3.1 2.7 3.2 4.0 3.7 3.4 2.8 1.7 1.2 0.7
–
-100.0% -100.0% –
Papua New Gu inea - 0.5 1.0 2.1 2.5 2.2 3.3 3.3 2.9 2.9
3.0
0.7% – 2.2%
Philippines 2.0 2.7 2.8 4.6 4.3 4.0 4.6 4.8 5.1 4.9
4.3
-11.8% 8.0% 3.3%
Russian Federation 6.1 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.2 5.5 5.9 6.1 6.3 6.5
6.5
0.3% 0.7% 5.0%
South Africa 1.6 2.5 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.1 1.8
1.2
-33.3% -2.9% 0.9%
Zambia 7.7 5.4 5.9 4.6 3.0 5.0 2.6 1.6 0.4 0.3
0.3
0.3% -28.0% 0.2%
Rest of World 8.3 9.9 11.4 7.5 7.1 4.8 4.0 2.8 3.0 3.7
3.1
-16.6% -9.4% 2.4%
Total World 148.2 135.4 131.6 130.7 137.3 118.6 137.3 150.8 119.5 126.7 131.3 3.9% -1.2% 100.0%
Growth rates are adjusted for leap years. Source: includes data from US Geological Survey, British Geological Survey © UKRI and World Mining Data.
Lithium production
Mine production
Thousand tonnes 2011 2012 20 13 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Argentina 3.0 2.7 2.5 3.2 3.6 5.8 5.7 6.4 6.3 5.9
6.0
1.4% 7.3% 5.6%
Australia 11.7 12.7 10.1 12.4 11.9 14.0 21.3 57.0 45.0 40.0
55.4
38.9% 16.8% 52.3%
Brazil 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 1.0 2.2 1.4
1.5
5.9% 16.7% 1.4%
Chile 11.9 12.3 10.5 10.8 9.8 13.6 14.2 17.0 19.2 21.6
26.0
20.5% 8.1% 24.5%
China 4.1 4.5 4.7 2.3 2.0 2.3 6.8 7.1 10.8 13.3
14.0
5.6% 13.0% 13.2%
Portugal 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 1.2 0.9 0.3
0.9
159.5% 4.8% 0.8%
US 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
0.9
0.3% -1.0% 0.8%
Zimbabwe 0.5 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.8 1.6 1.2 0.4
1.2
188.6% 9.8% 1.1%
Rest of World – – – † – † 0.1 3.0 0.4 0.1
0.1
27.2% – 0.1%
Total World 33.0 34.7 30.4 31.0 29.5 38.2 50.9 95.1 86.9 84.0 106.0 26.5% 12.4% 100.0%
†
less than 0.05. Source: includes data from US Geological Survey, British Geological Survey © UKRI and World Mining Data.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Natural graphite production
Mine production
Thousand tonnes 2011 2012 20 13 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Brazil
1
105.2 88.1 91.9 87.0 75.1 61.7 79.8 95.0 96.0 95.0
95.0
0.3% -1.0% 7.8%
Canada 25.0 24.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 21.0 14.0 11.0 11.0 7.6
7.7
1.3% -11.1% 0.6%
China 800.0 820.0 750.0 780.0 725.0 625.0 625.0 693.0 700.0 762.0
820.0
7.9% 0.2% 67.1%
India
2
153.3 134.7 146.4 116.7 134.6 137.3 46.4 44.5 30.5 31.8
40.2
26.8% -12.5% 3.3%
Madagascar 3.6 2.9 4.3 5.3 8.1 9.2 13.3 48.1 53.4 48.5
88.1
82.1% 37.8% 7.2%
Mexico 7.3 7.5 7.0 9.2 6.5 3.8 1.7 4.1 1.6 1.5
1.7
13.9% -13.8% 0.1%
Mozambique – – – – – – 0.3 104.0 153.0 12.0
72.0
501.6% – 5.9%
Norway 7.8 7.0 6.2 8.3 9.2 9.6 9.6 12.0 9.8 5.5
6.3
13.7% -2.1% 0.5%
Russian Federation 20.7 14.3 20.2 17.6 15.9 19.4 19.5 11.9 17.5 12.9
15.2
18.4% -3.0% 1.2%
Sri Lanka 3.4 4.2 3.1 4.0 4.2 4.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.0
4.3
7.8% 2.5% 0.4%
Turkey 5.3 31.5 28.7 3.9 – – – 16.8 10.0 15.2
15.2
0.3% 11.2% 1.2%
Ukraine 0.9 7.0 2.0 8.0 7.9 6.1 13.9 12.2 1.5 4.1
3.2
-22.1% 13.5% 0.3%
Rest of World 39.2 52.2 45.7 57.8 56.5 59.0 59.4 56.6 51.1 53.5
54.1
1.3% 3.3% 4.4%
Total World 1171.6 1193.5 1125.6 1127.8 1073.0 956.2 886.4 1113.1 1139.4 1053.6 1223.0 16.4% 0.4% 100%
1
Including beneficiated and directly shipped material. Source: includes data from US Geological Survey, British Geological Survey © UKRI and World Mining Data.
2
Run of the mine.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
Rare earth metals production
Mine production
Thousand tonnes
1
2011 2012 2 013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Gro wth rate per annum
Share
20212021 2011-21
Australia 2.2 3.2 1.3 6.2 11.9 13.9 17.3 18.6 17.6 21.1
22.5
7.2% 26.3% 7.9%
Brazil 0.1 1.6 0.3 – 0.9 2.7 1.7 1.2 0.7 0.6
0.5
-16.4% 13.6% 0.2%
China 93.8 93.8 93.8 105.0 105.0 105.0 105.0 120.0 132.0 140.0
168.0
20.3% 6.0% 59.0%
India – – 0.3 1.7 1.0 2.3 2.7 4.2 5.0 5.0
5.0
0.3% – 1.8%
Madagascar – – – – – – – 2.0 4.0 2.8
3.2
14.6% – 1.1%
Russian Federation 1.4 2.1 1.4 2.1 2.3 3.1 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6
2.6
0.3% 6.1% 0.9%
Thailand 3.1 0.1 0.1 1.9 0.8 1.6 1.3 1.0 1.9 3.6
8.0
122.8% 9.9% 2.8%
US – 3.0 5.5 5.4 5.9 – – 18.0 28.0 39.0
43.0
10.6% – 15.1%
Rest of World 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.9 4.8 15.4 25.5 26.6 32.1
31.6
-1.1% 48.4% 11.1%
Total World 101.3 104.2 103.0 122.6 128.6 133.4 145.9 193.1 218.4 246.8 284.5 15.6% 10.9% 100%
1
Thousand tonnes of rare earth oxide equivalent. Source: includes data from US Geological Survey, British Geological Survey © UKRI and World Mining Data.
Gro wth rates are adjusted for leap years.
53
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Reserves of key minerals
Cobalt reserves
Thousand tonnes
At end of
2021 Share R/ P ratio
Australia 1400 20.5% 251
Canada 220 3.2% 57
China 80 1.2% 36
Cuba 500 7.3% 126
Democratic Republic of Congo 3500 51.4% 38
Madagascar 100 1.5% 50
Morocco 13 0.2% 6
New Caledonia 64 0.9% –
Papua New Gu inea 47 0.7% 16
Philippines 260 3.8% 60
Russian Federation 250 3.7% 38
South Africa 40 0.6% 33
Zambia 270 4.0% 941
Rest of World* 69 1.0% 22
Total World 6813.0 100.0% 52
Lithium reserves
Thousand tonnes
At end of
2021 Share R/ P ratio
Argentina 2200 10.9% 369
Australia 5700 28.1% 103
Brazil 95 0.5% 63
Chile 9200 45.4% 354
China 1500 7.4% 107
Portugal 60 0.3% 67
US 750 3.7% 833
Zimbabwe 220 1.1% 183
Rest of World* 530 2.6% 5221
Total World 20255 100.0% 191
* Re st of World is the sum of only recorded reserves.
n/a not available.
Natu ral graphite reserves
Thousand tonnes
At end of
2021 Share R/ P ratio
Brazil 70000 19.2% 737
Canada 648 0.2% 84
China 73000 20.0% 89
India 8000 2.2% 199
Madagascar 26000 7.1% 295
Mexico 3100 0.8% 1867
Mozambique 25000 6.9% 347
Norway 600 0.2% 95
Russian Federation 25703 7.0% 1688
Sri Lanka 1500 0.4% 349
Turkey 90000 24.7% 5919
Ukraine 13761 3.8% 4322
Rest of World* 27600 7.6% 510
Total World 364912 100% 298
Rare earth metals reserves
Thousand tonnes
At end of
2021 Share R/ P ratio
Australia 4000 3.2% 177
Brazil 21000 17.0% 42000
China 44000 35.7% 262
India 6900 5.6% 1367
Madagascar 189 0.2% 59
Russian Federation 19380 15.7% 7454
Thailand n/a n/a n/a
US 1800 1.5% 42
Rest of World* 26040 21.1% 823
Total World 123309 100% 433
Sources: includes data from US Geological Survey,
British Geological Survey © UKRI and World Mining Data.
54
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Methodology
The Statistical Review provides a globally consistent data time series.
Here we outline the definitions, conversion factors and calculations we use to produce the report.
More detail on the methodology
Primary energy
Traditionally, in bp’s Statistical Review of World Energy,
the primary energy of non-fos sil based electricity
(nuclear, hydro, wind, solar, geothermal, biomass
in pow er and other renewables sources) has bee n
calculated on an ‘input-equivalent’ basis – i.e. based
on the equivalent amount of fossil fuel input required
to generate that amount o f electricity in a standa rd
thermal power plant. For example, if nuclear power
output for a country was 100 TWh, and the eff iciency
of a sta ndard thermal power plant was 38%, the input-
equivalent prima ry e nergy wo uld be 100/0.38 = 263
TWh or a bo ut 0.95 EJ .
Fo r many years, the efficiency of this stand ard power
pl ant has been assumed to be 38%. However, in reality,
the world average efficiency of fossil fuel-based power
changes over time and has risen f rom around 36% in
2000 to over 40% today. Mor eover, given the much
higher efficiency of the m ost modern power plant (e.g .
the ther mal eff iciency of a modern gas turbine plant is
above 55%), the global average is expected to increase
in the future.
Therefore, to better assess primary en ergy trends, we
have decided to move to a time-dependent therma l
equivalence model. The conversion factor used each
year to calculate the ‘input-equivalent’ consumption
for a given level of generation is based on a simplified
representation of measured average efficiency levels:
1965-2000: assumed constant efficiency of 36%
2000-2017: a linear increase from 36% to 40% based
on observed data
2018 onwards: the annual rate of efficiency
improvement is based on the simplified assumption
that efficiency will increase linearly to 45% by 2050.
The table below quantifies these a ssumptions (rounded
to 1 decimal place):
Thermal equivalent efficiency factors used to
convert non-fossil electricity (excluding biomass-
powered electricity) to primary energy
Efficiency Efficiency
Year(s) factor Year(s) factor
1965-2000 36% 2011 38.6%
2001 36.2% 2012 38.8%
2002 36.5% 2013 39.1%
2003 36.7% 2014 39.3%
200 4 36.9% 2015 39.5%
2005 37.2% 2016 39.8%
2006 37.4% 2017 40.0%
2007 37.6% 2018 40.2%
2008 37.9% 2019 40.3%
2009 38.1% 2020 40.5%
2010 38.4% 2021 40.6%
In this year’s Statistical Review, we have also upd ated
the thermal equivalent efficiency factor used to convert
electricity generation from biomass to primary energy
equivalent. In the prev ious editions, w e used t he sa me
factor for biomass as for all non-fossil electricity. In this
edition, we assume a constant efficiency of 32% for
biomass power to better reflect the actua l effic iency of
biomass power plants.
Primary energy consumption is reported in n et
terms. The gross calorifi c value to net calorific value
adjustment is fuel-specific.
Fuels used as inputs for conv ersion technologies (gas-
to-liquids, coal-to-liquids and coal-to-gas) are counted
as product ion for t he source fuel and the outputs are
counted a s consumption for the converted fuel.
Oil
Oil Reserves
Total proved reserves of oil are generally taken to
be those quantities that geological and engineering
information indicates with reasonable certainty can be
recovered in the future from known reservoirs under
existing economic and geological conditions.
The data series for proved oil reserves in this year’s
review does not necessari ly meet the de finitions,
guide lines and practices u sed for determin ing proved
reserves at com pany level, for instance as published by
the U S Securities and Exchange Commission nor does
it necessarily represent bp’s view of prov ed reserves
by country. Rather the data series has been compiled
using a combi nat ion of primary official sources and
third-party data.
Oil re serves include field condensate and natural gas
liquids as well a s crude oil. T his in clusive approach
helps to deve lop consistency with the oil production
numbers published in the Review, which also include
these categor ies of oil. The r ese rves and R/P ratio for
Canada includes Canadian oil sands and the reserves
and R/P ratio for Venezuela includes the Orinoco Belt.
Liquid hydrocarbon fuels from non-hydrocarbon
sources, such as ethanol from corn or sugar or
synthetic oil derived from natural gas (so-called GTL or
ga s-to-liquids), are not included in either the reserves or
production series.
We have pro vided a detailed explanatory note on
reserves clarifying current definitions and terminology.
R/P ratios represent the length of time that those
remaini ng reserves would last if production were to
continue at the pre vious year’s rate. They are calculated
by dividing rema ining rese rves at the end of the year by
the production in that year.
Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios are available by
country and feature in the tab le of oil reserves. There
is a time series of crud e oil reserves from 1980,
which can be found in the Excel workbook. Data are
measured in thousand m illion barrels.
Please note th at due to process improvements for the
Statistical Review that these reserves tables have not
be en updated this y ear.
Oil production
Oil production data includes crude o il, shale oil,
oil sands, condensates (lease condensate or gas
condensates that require further refining) and NGLs
(natural gas liquids – ethane, LPG and naphtha
separated from the production of natural gas). Excludes
liquid fuels fr om other sources suc h as biofuels and
synthetic derivatives of coal and natural gas. This also
excludes liquid fuel adjustment factors such as refinery
processing gain. Excludes oil s hales/kerogen extracted
in solid form.
The split of crude/condensate and natural gas liquids
figures are available. The cru de condensate table
includes crude oil, shale/tight oil, oil sands, lease
condensate or gas condensates that require further
refining. Exclu des liqu id fuels from other sources such
as biomass and synthetic derivatives of coal and natural
gas. The NGL’s table includes ethane, LPG and naphtha
separated from the production of natural gas. Excludes
condensates.
World oil producti on tables are available in both
thousand barrels daily and million tonnes.
Liquids, oil and oil product consumption
Oil consumption as defined in previous Statistical
Reviews (i.e. including biofuels) has been renamed
‘liquids’ consumption and a table is still included on this
original basis. In addition, more granularity has been
included on the product split of both oil products and
biofuels (breaking out ethane & LPG and naphtha in oil
products and th e ethanol/biodiesel split of biofuels).
Total liquids consumption comprises inland demand
plus international aviation and marine bunkers and
refinery fuel and loss. Consumption of biogasoline (suc h
as ethanol), biodiesel and derivatives of coal and natural
ga s are also included.
Oil consumption figures include i nland demand plus
international aviation and marine bunkers and refinery
fuel and loss. Consumption of biogasoline (such as
ethanol), biodiesel and derivatives of coal and natural
ga s are excluded. Derivatives of coal and natural gas
are included.
Oil product consumption – Gasoline includes motor and
aviation gasolin e, gasolines and light distillate feedstock
(LDF). Diesel/gasoil includes marine gasoil. ‘Fuel oil’
includes marine bunkers and crude oil used directly
for fuel. ‘Others’ consists o f refinery gas, solvents,
petroleum coke, lubricants, bitumen, wax, other refined
products and refinery fuel and loss.
Data are supplied in both exajoules and thousand
barrels daily figures.
Oil prices
The key cru des quoted are Brent, West Texas
Intermediate (WTI), Nigerian Focados and Dubai in
US$ per barrel.
The spot crude price history from 1972 and annual
crude price history from 1861 are available in the
historical data excel workbook.
Using S&P Global Platts data
The redistribution or reproduction of data whose source
is S&P Global Platts is strictly prohibited without prior
authorization from S&P Global Platts.
Email: support@ platts.com
Refining
The refinery capacity data presented i n this Review
represe nts the sum of reported atm ospheric crude
distillation and condensate splitt ing capacity. Ca pacity
should comprise th e amount of input that a distillation
facility can process under usual operating conditions,
taking into account scheduled downtime. Figures are in
thousand barrels daily at year end per calendar day.
Refinery throughputs are based on the quantity of crude
and condensate processed in atmospheric distillation
units and condensate splitters. Figures are in thousands
of barrels per day.
The refining margins presented are benchmark margins
for three major global refining centres: US Gulf Coast
(USGC ), North West Europe (NWE – Rotterdam) and
Singapore. In each case they are based on a single
crude oil appropriate for t hat region and have optimized
product yields based on a generic refiner y configuration
(cracking, hydrocracking or coking), again appropriate
for that region. Th e margins are on a semi-variable
basis , i.e. the margin after all variable costs and fixed
energy costs.
Oil trade movements
The tables exclude the intra-area movements of oil
(for example, crude oil and products moving between
countries within Europe). They do not include biofuels.
Bunkers fuel is not included as exports. Crude imports
and exports include condensates. Saudi Arabian
exports from 1980 are also available in the oil trade
movements table in the Excel workbook. The split of
crude oil and products are detailed. Data in the tables
are in million tonnes and thousand barrels per day.
Gas
Reserves
Total proved reserves of natural gas are generally taken
to be those quantities that ge ological and engineering
information indicates with reasonable certainty can be
recovered in the future from known reservoirs under
existing economic and operating conditions.
The data series for proved natural gas reserves
in this year’s Review does not necessarily me et
the definitions, guidelines and practices used for
determining prove d reserves at company level, for
instance as published by the US Securities and
Exchange Commission nor does it necessarily
represe nt bp’s view of proved reserves by coun try.
Rather the data series has b een compiled using
a combination of primary official sources an d
third-party data.
Although every effort is made to come up wi th
a consistent series for reserves based on a
common definition, different countries use different
methodologie s and the data have varying levels
of reliability.
https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/energy-economic s/statistical-review-
of-world-energy/using-the-review/methodo logy.html#accordi on_primary-
energy -m ethodology
55
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
R/P ratios represent the length of time that those
remaini ng reserves would last if production were to
continue at the pre vious year’s rate. They are calculated
by dividing rema ining rese rves at the end of the year by
the production in that year.
As far as possible, the data represents standard
cubic metres (meas ured at 15°C and 1013 m bar) and
have been standardized using a gross calorific value
(GCV) of 40 MJ/m
3
.
There is a time series of natural gas rese rves, w hich
can be found in the Excel workbook. Data are
measured in billion cubic metres.
Please note th at due to process improvements for the
Statistical Review that these reserves tables have not
be en updated this y ear.
Natural gas production
Gas production comprises marketed production and
excludes gas flared or recycled gas. Includes natural gas
produced for gas-to-liquids transformation.
As far as possible, the data above represents standa rd
cubic metres (meas ured at 15°C and 1013 m bar); as
they are derived directly from tonnes of oil equivalent
using an average conversion factor and have been
standardized using a gross calorific value (GCV) of
40 MJ/m
3
, they do not necessa rily equate with gas
volumes expressed in specific national terms.
Natural gas production is provided in three different
units of me asurement to a ccommodate regional
customary usage. World natural gas production PDF
tables are in both billion cubic metres, a nd exajoules.
Data in th e Excel workbook are also in billion cubic feet
per day (bcf/d).
Natural gas consumption
Natural gas consumption excludes natural gas
converted to liquid fuels but inc ludes derivatives of
coal as well as natura l gas consumed in gas-to-liquids
transformation.
As far as possible, the data above represents standa rd
cubic metres (meas ured at 15°C and 1013 m bar); as
they are derived directly from tonnes of oil equivalent
using an average conversion factor and have been
standardized using a gross calorific value (GCV)
of 40 MJ/m
3
they do not necessarily equate with
gas volumes expressed in specific national terms.
The diffe r ence between these worl d con sumption
figures and the world production statistics is due to
variations in stocks at storage facilities and liquefaction
plants, together with unavoidable disparities in the
definition, measureme nt or conversion of gas supply
and demand data.
Consumption data in the PDF data table is in billion
cubic meters ( bcm) and exajoules, data in b illion
cubic feet per day (bcf/day) can be found in the
Excel workb ook.
Natural gas prices
Annual prices are given for benchmark natural gas hub s
together with contracted pipeline and LNG imports.
The benchmark hub prices incorporate US (Henry Hub),
C anada (Albert a), Netherlands TTF index and the UK
(NBP). Contract prices are represented by LNG imports
into Japan, the Japan Korea Mar ker (JKM ) and Average
German Import Prices.
The prices for LNG and European border are calcula ted
as CIF prices, where CIF = co st + insurance + freight
(average freight prices) in US dollars per million British
thermal units ( Btu).
Natural gas trade movements
Trade flows are on a contractua l basis and may not
correspond to physical gas flows in all cases. The data
illustrates the flow of pipeline natural gas and LNG
between sources of production and the regions of
consumption. LNG trade. As far as possible, the data
represe nts standard cubic metres (measured at 15ºC
and 1013 mbar) and has been standardized using a
gross calorific value (GCV) of 40 MJ/m
3
.
Coal
Coal reserves
Total proved reserves of coal are generally taken to
be those quantities that geological and engineering
information indicates with reasonable certainly can be
recovered in the future from known deposits under
existing economic and operating conditions.
Total proved coal reserves are shown for anthracite
and bituminous (including brown coal) and sub-
bituminous and lignite.
Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios represent the
length o f time that those remaining reserves would last
if production were to continue at the previous year’s
rate. They are calculated by dividing remaining reserves
at the end of the year by the production in that year.
The R/P ratios a r e calculated excluding othe r solid fue ls
in reserves and product ion.
R/P ratios are available by country and feature in the
table of coal reserves. R/P r atios for the region and the
world are depicted in the chart above and the Energy
charting tool.
Coal reserve data is in million tonnes.
Please note th at due to process improvements for the
Statistical Review that these reserves tables have not
be en updated this y ear.
Coal production
Coal production includes dat a for commercial solid fuels
only. Included in the hard coal category are bitu minous
and anthracite (hard coal). The sub-bituminous coal
includes lignite and brown coa l. Other com mercia l solid
fuels are also included. The da ta includes coal produced
for coal-to-liquids and coal-to-gas transformations.
In the coal production PDF table, the units are in
exajoules. The data can also be downl oaded from the
Excel workbook in m illion tonnes.
Coal consumption
Coal consump tion includes data for solid fuels only.
Inclu de d in the hard coal c ategory are bituminous and
anth racite. The sub-bituminou s coal includes lignite
and brown coal. Other commercial sol id fuels are
also included. The figures exclude coal converted to
liquid or gaseous fuels, but includes coal consumed in
transformation processes.
Differences between world consumption figures and
the world producti on statistics are accoun ted for by
stock changes, and unavoidable dis parities in the
definition, measureme nt or conversion of coal s upply
and demand data.
Coal prices
Annual prices quoted inclu de the Northwest
Europe marker price, Japan steam spo t CIF price,
China Quinhuangdao spot price and the US Central
Appalachian coal spot price index. Coal prices except
for the US Central Appalachian price are calculated
as CIF prices, where CIF = co st + insurance + freight
(average freight prices). The US Central Appalachian
price is FO B = free on board. All prices are quoted in
US dollars per tonne.
IHS Northwest Europe prices for 1996- 200 0 are the
aver age of the mon thly marker, 2001-20 17 the average
of weekly prices. IHS Japan pri ces basis = 6,000
kilocalories per kilogram NAR CIF. Chinese prices are
the ave rage mo nthly price for 2000-2005, weekly
prices 2006-2017, 5,500 kilocal ories per kilogra m NAR,
including cost and fre ight (CFR).
Coal trade movements
Commercial solid fuels only, i.e. bitumino us coal and
anth racite (hard coal), and lignite and brown (sub-
bituminous) coal, and other comme rcial solid fuels.
Intra-area movemen ts (for example, between countries
in Europe, Oth er CIS, Other Af rica, Other Asia Pacific)
are excluded.
Nuclear
The data are based on gross generation and not
accounting for cross-border electricity supply. ’Input-
equivalent’ energy is the amount of fu el that would
be required by thermal p ower stations to generate the
reported electricity output. Details on thermal efficiency
assumptions are available online
Data for the units are in exajoules in the PDF.
The data are available in the Excel workbook in
terawatt–hours (TWh).
Hydro
The data are based on gross generation and not
accounting for cross-border electricity supply. ‘Input-
equivalent’ energy is the amount of fu el that would
be required by thermal p ower stations to generate the
reported electricity output. Details on thermal efficiency
assumptions are available online
In the hydroelectricity consumption PDF table, the units
are in exajoules. The data are available in the Excel
workbook in terawatt-hours (TWh).
Renewable energy
The data are based on gross generation and not
accounting for cross-border electricity supply. ‘Input-
equivalent’ energy is the amount of fu el that would
be required by thermal p ower stations to generate the
reported electricity output. Details on thermal efficiency
assumptions are available online
Renewable powe r is based on g ross generatio n from
renewable sources including wind, geothermal, solar,
biomass and waste, and not accounting for cross-
border electricity supply.
Biofuels production and consumption
The data includes biogasoline (such as ethanol)
and biodiesel. Volumes have been adjusted for
energy content.
The biofuels PDF tables are in thousand barrels of oil
equivalent per day figures. The data are available in
additional units i n the Excel workbook.
Electricity
Electricity generation is based on gross output.
Carbon
C arbon emissions from primary energy us e are
estimated by applying the Default CO
2
Emission Factors
for Combus tion to the consumption of each energy
product type (coal, na tural gas and va rious oi l products)
from the list of IPCC emission factors. Biofuels are
considered as not emitting CO
2
, consis tent with the
practice o f the IEA. Second, the revised method takes
account of fuel consumption used for non-combustion
purposes, such as the use of oil products and natural
ga s i n the petroche micals industry o r of oil to produce
bitumen for road construction. Estimates of the
share of non-combusted fossil fuels taken from the
IEA’s energy balances are subtracted from the total
consumption of fossil fuels before applying the relevant
emission factors.
C arbon emissions from flared na tural gas are calculated
using da ta series on volumes of gas flared from
two sources: Cedigaz up to 2012, and the Payne
Institute for Public Po licy, Colora do S chool of Mines
from 2013 onward. Payne Institute’s data inclu de
flaring from upstream, downstream oil and gas, while
Cedigaz include flaring from upstream only. Volumes
of gas flared have been s tand ardised using a Gross
C alorific Value (GCV) of 40 MJ/m
3
. The IPCC Default
CO
2
Emission Factor for Combustion for natural gas
(56,100 kg CO
2
per TJ) is used and perfect combustion
has been assumed. These emissions represent around
1% of tota l CO
2
emissions.
Data for methane emissions a ssociated with the
production, transportation and distribution of fossil fuels
for 1990-2020 are sourced, where available, from IEA
(2021, 2022) Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy,
https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-product/
greenhouse-gas-emissions-from-energy. All rights
reserved. For a selected number of fossil fuel p roducing
countries where m ethane emiss ion data is not
currently available, an estimate of historical methane
emissions h as been deri ved using regional average
methane intensity of production . For 2021, methane
emission es timates are derived for all countries using
methane intensity of fossil fuel production in 2020. Total
methane emissions at a global and regi onal level show
a discrepancy with IEA d ata due to non-inclusion of
residual emissions i.e. emissions which have not been
allocated to named countries. There is a wide range of
uncertainty with respect to both current es timates of
methane emissions and the global warming potential of
methane emissions. To ensure alignment with fin ancial
and government reporting standards, the methane to
CO
2
e factor is a 100-year Global Warming Potential
(GWP) of 25, recommended by the IPCC in AR4.
C arbon emissions from industrial processes refer only
to non-energy CO
2
emissions from cement production
and are sourced fo r 1990-2021 from Andrew, R. M.
(2019 ) Global CO
2
emissions from cement production,
1928-2018. Earth System Science Data 11, 1675-1710,
(updated d ataset May 2022 ).
https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/energy-economic s/statistical-review-
of-world-energy/using-the-review/methodo logy.html#accordi on_primary-
energy -m ethodology
56
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
Appendices
Units
1 metric tonne = 2 2 0 4 . 6 2 l b
= 1.1023 short tons
1 kilolitre = 6.2898 barrels
= 1 cubic metre
1 kilocalorie (kcal) = 4.1868kJ
= 3.968Btu
1 kilojoule (kJ) = 1,000 joules
= 0.239 kcal
= 0.948 Btu
1 petajoule (Pj) = 1 quadrillion joules
(1 x 10
15
)
1 exajoule (EJ) = 1 q uint illion joules
(1 x 10
18
)
1 British thermal = 0.252kcal
unit (Btu) = 1.055kJ
1 tonne of oil = 39.683 million Btu
equivalent (toe) = 41.868 million kJ
1 barrel of oil = 5.8 million Btu
equivalent (boe) = 6.119 million kJ
1 kilowatt-hour (kWh) = 860kcal
= 3600kJ
= 3412Btu
Calorific equivalents
One exajoule equals approximately:
Heat units 239 trillion kilocalories
948 trillion Btu
Solid fuels 40 million tonnes
of hard coal
95 million tonnes
of ligni te and sub-
bituminous coal
Gaseous fuels See Natural gas and
LNG table
Electricity 278 terawatt-hours
All fuel energy content i s net or lower heating value
(i.e., net of heat of vaporisation of water generated
from combustion).
1 barrel of ethanol = 0.58 barrels of oil e quivalent
1 barrel of biodiesel = 0.86 barrels of oil equivalent
1 tonne of ethanol = 0.68 tonnes of oil equivalent
1 tonne of biodiesel = 0.88 tonnes of oil equivalent
Approximate conversion factors
Crude oil
*
From To
tonnes
(metric) kilolitres barrels
US
gallons
tonnes
per year
Multiply by
Tonnes (metric) 1 1.165 7.33 307.86 –
Kilolitres 0.8581 1 6.2898 264.17 –
Barrels 0.1364 0.159 1 42 –
US gal lons 0.00325 0.0038 0.0238 1 –
Barrels per day – – – – 49.8
*Based on worldwide average gravity.
Products
To convert
barrels
to tonnes
tonnes
to barrels
kilolitres
to tonnes
tonnes
to kilolitres
tonnes
to gigajoules
tonnes
to barrels oil
equivalent
Multiply by
Ethane 0.059 16.850 0.373 2.679 49.400 8.073
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) 0.086 11.600 0.541 1.849 46.150 7.542
Gasoline 0.120 8.350 0.753 1.328 44.750 7.313
Kerosene 0.127 7.880 0.798 1.253 43.920 7.177
Gas oil/di esel 0.134 7.460 0.843 1.186 43.380 7.089
Residual fuel oil 0.157 6.350 0.991 1.010 41.570 6.793
Product basket 0.124 8.058 0.781 1.281 43.076 7.039
Natural gas (NG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG)
From To
billion cubic
metres NG
billion cubic
feet NG
petajoules
NG
million toe millio n tonnes
LNG
trillion Btu million boe
Multiply by
1 billion m
3
NG 1.000 35.315 36.000 0.860 0.735 34.121 5.883
1 billion ft
3
NG 0.028 1.000 1.019 0.024 0.021 0.966 0.167
1 petajoule NG 0.028 0.981 1.000 0.024 0.021 0.952 0.164
1 million toe 1.163 41.071 41.868 1.000 0.855 39.683 6.842
1 million tonne s LNG 1.360 48.028 48.747 1.169 1.000 46.405 8.001
1 trillion Btu 0.029 1.035 1.050 0.025 0.022 1.000 0.172
1 million boe 0.170 6.003 6.093 0.146 0.125 5.800 1.000
Definitions
Statistics published in this review are taken from
government sources and published data. No use
is made of confidential informatio n obtained by
bp in the course of its business.
Country, regions and geographic
groupings
Country and geographic groupings are
made purely for statistical purposes and are not
intended to imply any judgement about political
or economic standings.
North America
US (exc luding US territories), Canada, Mexico.
South & Central America
C aribbean (including Puerto Rico and US Virgin
Islands), Bermuda, Central and South America.
Europe
European members of the OECD plus Albania,
Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Georgia, Gibraltar, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta,
Montenegro, North Maced onia, Romania, Serbia
and Ukraine.
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.
Middle East
Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan,
Lebanon, Syria.
North Africa
Territories on the north coast of Africa from Egypt
to Western Sahara .
West Africa
Territories on the we st coast of Africa from Mauritania
to Angola, including Cape Verde, Ch ad.
East and Southern Africa
Territories on the e ast c oast of Africa from Sudan to
Republic of South Africa. Also Botswana, Madagascar,
Malawi, Namibia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
Asia Pacific
Brunei, Cambodia, China
†
, China Hong Kong SAR*,
China M acau SAR*, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia,
Mongolia, North Korea, Philippines, Singapore, South
Asia (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar,
Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka), S outh Korea, Taiwan,
Thailand, Vietnam, Australia, New Ze aland, Papua
New Guinea, Oceania.
†
Mainland China.
*Special Administrative Region.
Australasia
Australia, New Zealand.
OECD members
Europe: Austri a, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Ital y, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Sl ovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK.
Other member countries: Australia, Canada, Chile,
Colombia , Israel, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand,
South Korea, US.
OPEC members
Middle East: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabi a,
United Arab Emirates.
North Africa: Algeria, Libya.
West Africa: Angola, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria,
Republic of Congo.
South America: Venezuela.
European Union members
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden.
Non-OECD
All countries that are not members of the OECD.
Acknowledgements
Data compilation: Centre for Energy Economics Research and Policy,
Heriot-Watt University, ceerp.hw.ac.uk
Design and production: Whitehouse Associates, London
57
bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022
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