Great Barrington Declaration
As infectious disease epidemiologists and public health scientists we
have grave concerns about the damaging physical and mental health
impacts of the prevailing COVID-19 policies, and recommend an
approach we call Focused Protection.
R E A D T H E D E C L A R ATIO N
S I G N T H E D E C L A R A T I O N
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Signatures
V I E W S I G N AT U R E M A P
F R A N Ç A I S P O R T U G U Ê S
E S PA Ñ O L I T A L I A N O
D E U T S C H S V E N S KA
Р У С С К И Й עברית
P O L S K I D A N S K
Ε Λ Λ Η Ν Ι Κ Ά M A G YA R
M E N U
Great Barrington Declaration https://gbdeclaration.org/
1 of 10 09/04/2023, 2:54 p.m.
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The Great Barrington Declaration
The Great Barrington Declaration – As infectious disease epidemiologists and public health
scientists we have grave concerns about the damaging physical and mental health impacts of
the prevailing COVID-19 policies, and recommend an approach we call Focused Protection.
Coming from both the left and right, and around the world, we have devoted our careers to
protecting people. Current lockdown policies are producing devastating effects on short and
long-term public health. The results (to name a few) include lower childhood vaccination
Great Barrington Declaration https://gbdeclaration.org/
2 of 10 09/04/2023, 2:54 p.m.
rates, worsening cardiovascular disease outcomes, fewer cancer screenings and deteriorating
mental health – leading to greater excess mortality in years to come, with the working class
and younger members of society carrying the heaviest burden. Keeping students out of school
is a grave injustice.
Keeping these measures in place until a vaccine is available will cause irreparable damage,
with the underprivileged disproportionately harmed.
Fortunately, our understanding of the virus is growing. We know that vulnerability to death
from COVID-19 is more than a thousand-fold higher in the old and inrm than the young.
Indeed, for children, COVID-19 is less dangerous than many other harms, including inuenza.
As immunity builds in the population, the risk of infection to all – including the vulnerable –
falls. We know that all populations will eventually reach herd immunity – i.e. the point at
which the rate of new infections is stable – and that this can be assisted by (but is not
dependent upon) a vaccine. Our goal should therefore be to minimize mortality and social
harm until we reach herd immunity.
The most compassionate approach that balances the risks and benets of reaching herd
immunity, is to allow those who are at minimal risk of death to live their lives normally to
build up immunity to the virus through natural infection, while better protecting those who
are at highest risk. We call this Focused Protection.
Adopting measures to protect the vulnerable should be the central aim of public health
responses to COVID-19. By way of example, nursing homes should use staff with acquired
immunity and perform frequent testing of other staff and all visitors. Staff rotation should be
minimized. Retired people living at home should have groceries and other essentials delivered
to their home. When possible, they should meet family members outside rather than inside. A
comprehensive and detailed list of measures, including approaches to multi-generational
households, can be implemented, and is well within the scope and capability of public health
professionals.
Those who are not vulnerable should immediately be allowed to resume life as normal. Simple
hygiene measures, such as hand washing and staying home when sick should be practiced by
everyone to reduce the herd immunity threshold. Schools and universities should be open for
in-person teaching. Extracurricular activities, such as sports, should be resumed. Young low-
risk adults should work normally, rather than from home. Restaurants and other businesses
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should open. Arts, music, sport and other cultural activities should resume. People who are
more at risk may participate if they wish, while society as a whole enjoys the protection
conferred upon the vulnerable by those who have built up herd immunity.
On October 4, 2020, this declaration was authored and signed in Great Barrington, United
States, by:
DDrr.. MMaarrttiinn KKuullllddoorrffff
, professor of medicine at Harvard University, a biostatistician, and
epidemiologist with expertise in detecting and monitoring infectious disease outbreaks and
vaccine safety evaluations.
DDrr.. SSuunneettrraa GGuuppttaa, professor at Oxford University, an epidemiologist with expertise in
immunology, vaccine development, and mathematical modeling of infectious diseases.
DDrr.. JJaayy BBhhaattttaacchhaarryyaa, professor at Stanford University Medical School, a physician,
epidemiologist, health economist, and public health policy expert focusing on infectious
diseases and vulnerable populations.
S I G N T H E D E C L A R A T I O N
Co-signers
Medical and Public Health Scientists and Medical Practitioners
DDrr.. AAlleexxaannddeerr WWaallkkeerr, principal at World Health Information Science Consultants, former
Chair of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, USA
DDrr.. AAnnddrriiuuss KKaavvaalliiuunnaass, epidemiologist and assistant professor at Karolinska Institute,
Sweden
DDrr.. AAnngguuss DDaallgglleeiisshh, oncologist, infectious disease expert and professor, St. George’s
Hospital Medical School, University of London, England
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DDrr.. AAnntthhoonnyy JJ BBrrooookkeess, professor of genetics, University of Leicester, England
DDrr.. AAnnnniiee JJaannvviieerr, professor of pediatrics and clinical ethics, Université de Montréal and
Sainte-Justine University Medical Centre, Canada
DDrr.. AArriieell MMuunniittzz, professor of clinical microbiology and immunology, Tel Aviv University,
Israel
DDrr.. BBoorriiss KKoottcchhoouubbeeyy, Institute for Medical Psychology, University of Tübingen, Germany
DDrr.. CCooddyy MMeeiissssnneerr, professor of pediatrics, expert on vaccine development, efcacy, and
safety. Tufts University School of Medicine, USA
DDrr.. DDaavviidd KKaattzz, physician and president, True Health Initiative, and founder of the Yale
University Prevention Research Center, USA
DDrr.. DDaavviidd LLiivveerrmmoorree, microbiologist, infectious disease epidemiologist and professor,
University of East Anglia, England
DDrr.. EEiittaann FFrriieeddmmaann, professor of medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
DDrr.. EElllleenn TToowwnnsseenndd, professor of psychology, head of the Self-Harm Research Group,
University of Nottingham, England
DDrr.. EEyyaall SShhaahhaarr, physician, epidemiologist and professor (emeritus) of public health,
University of Arizona, USA
DDrr.. FFlloorriiaann LLiimmbboouurrgg, physician and hypertension researcher, professor at Hannover
Medical School, Germany
DDrr.. GGaabbrriieellaa GGoommeess, mathematician studying infectious disease epidemiology, professor,
Great Barrington Declaration https://gbdeclaration.org/
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University of Strathclyde, Scotland
DDrr.. GGeerrhhaarrdd KKrröönnkkee, physician and professor of translational immunology, University of
Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
DDrr.. GGeessiinnee WWeecckkmmaannnn, professor of health education and prevention, Europäische
Fachhochschule, Rostock, Germany
DDrr.. GGüünntteerr KKaammppff,, associate professor, Institute for Hygiene and Environmental Medicine,
Greifswald University, Germany
DDrr.. HHeelleenn CCoollhhoouunn, professor of medical informatics and epidemiology, and public health
physician, University of Edinburgh, Scotland
DDrr.. JJoonnaass LLuuddvviiggssssoonn, pediatrician, epidemiologist and professor at Karolinska Institute and
senior physician at Örebro University Hospital, Sweden
DDrr.. KKaarrooll SSiikkoorraa, physician, oncologist, and professor of medicine at the University of
Buckingham, England
DDrr.. LLaauurraa LLaazzzzeerroonnii, professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and of biomedical data
science, Stanford University Medical School, USA
DDrr.. LLiissaa WWhhiittee, professor of modelling and epidemiology, Oxford University, England
DDrr.. MMaarriioo RReecckkeerr, malaria researcher and associate professor, University of Exeter, England
Great Barrington Declaration https://gbdeclaration.org/
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DDrr.. MMaatttthheeww RRaattcclliiffffee, professor of philosophy, specializing in philosophy of mental health,
University of York, England
DDrr.. MMaatttthheeww SSttrraauussss, critical care physician and assistant professor of medicine, Queen’s
University, Canada
DDrr.. MMiicchhaaeell JJaacckkssoonn, research fellow, School of Biological Sciences, University of
Canterbury, New Zealand
DDrr.. MMiicchhaaeell LLeevviitttt, biophysicist and professor of structural biology, Stanford University,
USA.
Recipient of the 2013 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
DDrr.. MMiikkee HHuullmmee, professor of human geography, University of Cambridge, England
DDrr.. MMoottttii GGeerrlliicc, professor of clinical microbiology and immunology, Tel Aviv University,
Israel
DDrr.. PPaarrtthhaa PP.. MMaajjuummddeerr, professor and founder of the National Institute of Biomedical
Genomics, Kalyani, India
DDrr.. PPaauull MMccKKeeiigguuee, physician, disease modeler and professor of epidemiology and public
health, University of Edinburgh, Scotland
DDrr.. RRaajjiivv BBhhaattiiaa, physician, epidemiologist and public policy expert at the Veterans
Administration, USA
DDrr.. RRooddnneeyy SSttuurrddiivvaanntt, infectious disease scientist and associate professor of biostatistics,
Baylor University, USA
DDrr.. SSiimmoonn TThhoorrnnlleeyy, epidemiologist and biostatistician, University of Auckland, New Zealand
DDrr.. SSiimmoonn WWoooodd, biostatistician and professor, University of Edinburgh, Scotland
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DDrr.. SStteepphheenn BBrreemmnneerr,professor of medical statistics, University of Sussex, England
DDrr.. SSyyllvviiaa FFooggeell, autism provider and psychiatrist at Massachusetts General Hospital and
instructor at Harvard Medical School, USA
TToomm NNiicchhoollssoonn, Associate in Research, Duke Center for International Development, Sanford
School of Public Policy, Duke University, USA
DDrr.. UUddii QQiimmrroonn, professor of clinical microbiology and immunology, Tel Aviv University,
Israel
DDrr.. UUllrriikkee KKäämmmmeerreerr, professor and expert in virology, immunology and cell biology,
University of Würzburg, Germany
DDrr.. UUrrii GGaavviisshh, biomedical consultant, Israel
DDrr.. YYaazz GGuullnnuurr MMuurraaddoogglluu, professor of nance, director of the Behavioural Finance
Working Group, Queen Mary University of London, England
Great Barrington Declaration https://gbdeclaration.org/
8 of 10 09/04/2023, 2:54 p.m.
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